Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary
Psalms 112:10

Clarke's Commentary

Verse Psalms 112:10. The wicked shall see it] רשע rasha, the wicked one. Some think Satan is meant. It is distinguished from reshaim, wicked men, in the conclusion of the verse.

Shall gnash with his teeth — Through spite and ill will.

And melt away — Through envy and hopeless expectation of similar good; for his desire in reference to himself, and in reference to him who is the object of his envy, shall perish - shall come to nothing.

ANALYSIS OF THE HUNDRED AND TWELFTH PSALM

The psalmist, having put it down for an infallible maxim, in the close of the former Psalm, "that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom," in this sets down the felicity of that man who fears God, in several particulars.

There are two parts in this Psalm: -

I. A general proposition, that he is blessed.

II. An enumeration of particulars in which that blessedness consists, Psalms 112:2-10.

I. To the first part he prefixes a hallelujah, "praise the Lord," which is the intent and scope of the Psalm; that he be praised for those rewards of piety he bestows on such as fear him.

He delivers this one general proposition to persuade them to piety: "Blessed is the man," c., that believes, honours, and serves him.

For fear a man should mistake, supposing he fears the Lord when he really does not, he adds these three restrictions to his proposition: -

1. "Keep his commandments." An obedient fear.

2. "He delights in them," c. Is pleased with their equity, and loves them.

3. "He delights greatly," &c. It must be a thankful and ready fear, performed with alacrity and earnestness, done with all the heart.

II. In the rest of the Psalm he insists on what this blessedness consists in: -

1. That the righteous shall have temporal goods, and that they shall be blessings.

2. That though they shall enjoy them, they are not exempted from crosses, 2 Timothy 3:12.

3. That God distributes these temporal blessings not equally, but most profitably for him.

This being premised, he enumerates the blessings here promised: -

1. "His seed shall be mighty," c. Which was verified in Abraham and his posterity: "I will show mercy to thousands," &c.

2. "Wealth and riches," &c. That is, abundance of all things shall be in his house, and remain in it for his just dealing and contentment preserves his well obtained goods to his posterity.

3. "Unto the upright there ariseth light," c. The light of counsel and consolation, in the midst of doubts, tribulations, and afflictions, which the prophet ascribes to God's mercy and goodness.

4. He hath bowels of compassion, of which he shows two effects: 1. "A good man showeth favour," &c. Easily forgives an injury. 2. Imagines he is not born for himself, but to do good to others.

5. "He will guide his affairs with discretion." Discern between truth and falsehood be no accepter of persons, but in all things just and upright.

6. He is patient and constant. Troubles and dangers may increase but in the midst of all he looks to heaven, and remains firm in his principles.

7. "The righteous shall be had," c. His name is written in the book of life, and it is precious in the Church, such as those of the martyrs while the wicked are detested, such as Judas, Cain, Pilate. At the last day the one shall have "Come, ye blessed;" the other, "Go, ye cursed."

8. "He shall not be afraid of evil tidings." Scandals may arise; but he remembers "the servant is not above his lord," therefore he bears all patiently, and for these reasons: 1. "Because his heart is fixed," c. He has a sure rock God will clear his innocency. 2. "His heart is established," c. He knows God will take care of him.

9. The ninth felicity to the righteous is, God has given him a charitable heart. 1. "He hath dispersed," acts liberally, that others as well as himself may reap. 2. He does it freely, without looking for any thing again: "He gives." 3. "He hath given to the poor." To those who need his kindness.

For this liberality he is a great gainer in two respects: -

1. "The good work he hath done," &c. His charity and piety are increased by it.

2. "His horn," &c. His power, honour, dignity, and glory.

His last felicity is,

1. "The wicked shall see it," and be grieved at his felicity.

2. "He shall gnash his teeth" as a mad dog, and seek his ruin.

3. But shall not be able to harm him: "The desire of the wicked shall perish." He that fears God is a happy man he that fears him not, most unhappy. Reader, in what state art thou? Happy or unhappy?

Bridgeway Bible Commentary

Psalms 111-112 God and his godly people

Equal in length and similar in form, these two psalms can be read as a pair. Both are acrostics (see note preceding Psalms 9:0). The former considers the greatness of God, the latter the character of his godly people.

God’s wonderful works, both in creation and in history, are a cause for praise by all his worshipping people (111:1-3). In his sovereign power he took the agriculturally productive land of Canaan from its heathen inhabitants and gave it to the Israelite people according to the covenant he had made with them (4-6). His desire is that they rule themselves according to his just law (7-8). He is the mighty and holy covenant-redeemer of his people, and they should fear him, honour him, obey him and praise him (9-10).
When people respond to God in such a way, God blesses them with a respected, upright and prosperous line of descendants (112:1-3). God looks after those who are fair in their treatment of others and generous with their money (4-6). Their lives will be enriched with a sense of security and confidence, so that they fear nothing (7-8). The satisfaction that comes from such lives is in sharp contrast to the envy and hopelessness of the wicked (9-10).

Coffman's Commentaries on the Bible

"He hath dispersed, he hath given to the needy; His righteousness endureth forever: His horn shall be exalted with honor. The wicked shall see it and be grieved; He shall gnash with his teeth, and melt away: The desire of the wicked shall perish."

"He hath dispersed" "There is no virtue in merely dispersing, since `spendthrifts' `disperse,' even more lavishly than the virtuous man."The Pulpit Commentary, Vol. 8-C, p. 43. The only commendable type of `dispersing' is that directed to the relief of need or suffering. It is this kind of `dispersing,' of course, which the Lord commends, as indicated by the last clause of this verse. "He hath given to the needy."

"The wicked man shall see it and be grieved" Psalms 112:10 is the antithesis of Psalms 112:1. "The wicked shall gnash his teeth in the rage of disappointment and contemplation of the triumph of his adversary, and will melt away in impotent rage, melting, as it were, from his own heat. `The desire of the wicked will perish' is antithetical to verse lb. He will go away in utter ruin, as in Psalms 1:6."International Critical Commentary, Vol. II, p. 387.

Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible

The wicked shall see it, and be grieved - They shall see his prosperity; shall see the evidence that God approves his character and his conduct. The word rendered “grieved” means rather to be angry or enraged. Perhaps the word “fret” would best express the sense.

He shall gnash with his teeth - As indicative of hatred and wrath. See the notes at Psalms 37:12.

And melt away - Disappear - as snow does that melts; or as a snail (see the notes at Psalms 58:8); or as waters that run away (see the notes at Psalms 58:7); or as wax (see the notes at Psalms 68:2). Their wrath shall be of no avail, for they themselves shall soon disappear.

The desire of the wicked shall perish - He shall not be able to accomplish his desire, or to carry out his purposes. He shall be disappointed, and all his cherished plans will come to nought. This is in strong contrast with what is said in the psalm would occur to the righteous. They would be prospered and happy; they would be able to carry out their plans; they would be respected while living, and remembered when dead; they would find God interposing in their behalf in the darkest hours; they would be firm and calm in the day of danger and of trouble; they would put their trust in the Lord, and all would be well. Surely there is an advantage in our world in being a friend of God.

Calvin's Commentary on the Bible

10.The wicked shall see it. ⁽³⁵⁰⁾ Here follows a contrast similar to that which we met with in Psalms 2:5, which renders the grace of God towards the faithful the more illustrious. His meaning is, that though the wicked may cast off all regard to piety, and banish from their minds all thoughts of human affairs being under the superintending providence of God, they shall yet be made to feel, whether they will or no, that the righteous, in compliance with God’s command, do not vainly devote themselves to the cultivation of charity and mercy. Let them harden themselves as they choose, yet he declares that the honor, which God confers upon his children, shall be exhibited to them, the sight of which shall make them gnash with their teeth, and shall excite an envy that shall consume them by inches. ⁽³⁵¹⁾ In conclusion, he adds, that the wicked shall be disappointed of their desires They are never content, but are continually thirsting after something, and their confidence is as presumptuous as their avarice is unbounded. And hence, in their foolish expectations, they do not hesitate at grasping at the whole world. But the prophet tells them that God will snatch from them what they imagined was already in their possession, so that they shall always depart destitute and famishing.

(350) “The wicked shall see it; i.e. , the exalted horn ” — Dimock

(351) “Et par une envie qu’ils auront les fera mourir a petit feu.” — Fr.

Smith's Bible Commentary

Psalms 112:1-10

Again, it begins with the Hebrew, Hallelujah.

Blessed is the man that reverences Jehovah ( Psalms 112:1 ).

Again, the man who reverences God. Not the man who reverences a guy standing in front, or a guy with a black robe, or whatever. But a guy who reverences God, that's the blessed man, that's the happy man.

that delights greatly in his commandments ( Psalms 112:1 ).

David said, "Whose delight is in the law of the Lord, and in His law doth he meditate both day and night." David said, "O blessed or O happy is the man who delights in the law of the Lord, and in His law meditates day and night. For he'll be like a tree" ( Psalms 1:1-3 ). All right, now here again, "Happy is the man who delights greatly in His commandments." This man,

His children will be mighty upon the earth: the generation of the upright will be blessed. Wealth and riches shall be in his house ( Psalms 112:2-3 ):

And I do not believe that that necessarily refers to physical, monetary wealth, but really, the really rich and wealthy people are those people, the really rich home and wealthy home is that home where God is honored. They are the people who have the true riches. The riches of the kingdom. Riches that don't corrupt. Riches that don't fade away. Riches that can't be ripped off. Those glorious true riches of God's kingdom. "Wealth and riches shall be in his house."

and his righteousness endureth for ever. Unto the upright he rises as a light in the darkness ( Psalms 112:3-4 ):

Would be a better translation.

for he is gracious, he's full of compassion, and righteous ( Psalms 112:4 ).

That is, our righteousness in Christ.

A good man shows favor, and he lends: he will guide his affairs with discretion. Surely he shall not be moved for ever: the righteous shall be in everlasting remembrance. He shall not be afraid of evil tidings: his heart is fixed, trusting in the LORD ( Psalms 112:5-7 ).

We're living in days of evil tidings. At any day, you can pick up the newspaper and read of all the evil that is going on in the world. And there are some people who live in constant fear of the evil tidings that might come. But the man who has put his trust in the Lord will not fear in the day of evil tidings, because his heart is fixed.

There are some people whose hearts aren't really fixed. It isn't a true commitment. It isn't a full commitment. They've made a partial commitment of their lives to God. Part of them serves the Lord; part of them serves the flesh. They love the Lord partly. And because of that, they are very unstable in their walk and they're fearful. But the man who has fixed his heart, trusting in the Lord, I know that come what may, the Lord is with me. I know that come what may, the Lord is going to protect me.

I know that the Lord is watching out over me. I know the Lord loves me. I may not understand what's happening in the circumstances surrounding my life. But I know that God loves me and I know that God's going to see me through. I know that God has allowed it for a purpose. I know that it would not have happened unless God had allowed it to happen. And because He allowed it to happen, He has a purpose in its happening, and thus He's going to bring good out of it. Though I may not see it now. And because I've fixed my heart and commitment to God, come what may, you don't fear for calamity that may fall tomorrow. You don't fear for what may come, because you know that whatever comes is brought to you by the hand of God.

I belong to Him. Satan cannot get to me except he come through the Lord. And therefore, trusting in the Lord, my heart is fixed on Him. I have great confidence in life.

His heart is established, he shall not be afraid, he shall see his desire upon his enemies. He hath dispersed, he has given to the poor; his righteousness endureth for ever; his horn shall be exalted with honor ( Psalms 112:8-9 ).

Now in contrast to this righteous man,

The wicked shall see it, and be grieved; the wicked will gnash with his teeth, and melt away ( Psalms 112:10 ):

See, the righteous will endure forever. But the wicked will gnash and melt away.

the desire of the wicked [rather than being granted] will perish ( Psalms 112:10 ).

So you have a psalm that deals with God's blessed man and then the final verse being a contrast to it with the wicked man. Psalms 1:1-6 has the same contrast. "O how happy is the man who walks not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor stands in the way of sinners, nor sits in the seat of the scornful. But whose delight is in the law of the Lord; and in His law does he meditate day and night. He'll be like a tree planted by the rivers of water, bringing forth his fruit in its season; his leaf also shall not wither; whatsoever he does shall prosper" ( Psalms 1:1-3 ). Now the wicked are not so. There's a contrast. "The wicked are not so: but are like the chaff which the wind driveth away" ( Psalms 1:4 ). Again, you have much said about the righteous but then the contrast with the wicked. And this is poetry in the mind of the Hebrew. The poetry comes in the contrasting of the thought.

Now in our minds, we're geared for poetry coming in rhyme and in rhythm. So you get a rhythm going and it rhymes. And I particularly like the Robert Service type of poetry where you rhyme two lines and every third line is in the rhyme. And there are others, the first line, the first and third, no, the first and fourth lines rhyme and the two in between rhyme.

Longfellow's Ode to Life,

Tell me not, in mournful numbers,

'Life is but an empty dream!'

For the soul is dead that slumbers,

things are not what they seem.

No, it's every other one in his.

Life is real! Life is earnest!

And the grave is not thy goal;

'Dust thou art, to dust returneth,'

Was not spoken of thy soul.

But then Robert Service,

There are strange things done 'neath the midnight sun

By the men who toil for gold;

The arctic trails, all their secret tales

That make your blood run cold.

The Northern Lights have seen queer sights,

But the queerest they ever did see

Was the night in the marge of the Lake Lebarge

When I cremated Sam McGee.

So that constitutes poetry to us. There's the rhythm. There's the rhyme. But to the Hebrew, the poetry was in the thought. And it was either in a compounding of a thought or the contrasting of a thought. So you take a thought and you begin to compound it.

"The ways of the Lord are perfect. The ways of the Lord are to be sought out. The ways of the Lord." And you are compounding on the thought. Or, you take contrasting thought, "The way of the righteous, but the way of the wicked. The way of the godly, but the way of the ungodly." And so the contrasting of thought to the Hebrew mind is poetry. There's no rhyme, there's no rhythm. And so we wouldn't call it poetry ourselves. But to them, that is what constitutes poetry. Not the rhyming of a sentence or not the rhythm, but the thought itself. They find the beauty of poetry in the thought itself.

So after all of these things about the blessed man, then you get the contrast in the final verse, "But the wicked shall see it." And in contrast to the righteous, "he will be grieved. He'll gnash with his teeth; he'll melt away. He'll perish." "

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

Psalms 112

This wisdom psalm is also an acrostic. It focuses attention on the blessings those who fear God enjoy, especially their final exaltation.

"However, the psalm gives a realistic portrayal of wisdom as it brings out, not only the blessings of honor, children, and riches, but also the reality of adversities (’darkness,’ Psalms 112:4; ’bad news,’ Psalms 112:7; ’foes,’ Psalms 112:8)." [Note: VanGemeren, p. 706.]

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

3. The anxiety the wicked experience 112:10

God’s goodness to the righteous fills the wicked with anxiety. Finally they perish.

God’s people need to remember God’s blessings to them and give God praise for these things-so that they won’t envy the wicked, whose lot is much worse.

Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

The wicked shall see it,.... The glory and happiness of the upright man: so when the witnesses shall ascend to heaven, a phrase expressive of a more glorious state of the church, their enemies shall behold them, Revelation 11:12.

And be grieved; at their happiness, and grudge it: the Targum is,

"and shall be angry at him;''

the upright man.

He shall gnash with his teeth, and melt away; like snow water r; or as a snail melteth, or as wax before the fire, Psalms 58:7, shall pine away with grief and envy at the happiness and prosperity of the righteous; the wicked will weep and gnash their teeth, when they shall see them in the kingdom of heaven, and they themselves shut out,

Luke 13:28. The desire of the wicked shall perish; they shall not have their desire, neither of good things for themselves here and hereafter, nor of evil things for the righteous.

r "Mens mea tabida liquescit", &c. "Liquescunt pectora", &c. Ovid. de Ponto, l. 1. Eleg. 1. v. 68. & Eleg. 2. v. 57.

Henry's Complete Commentary on the Bible

      6 Surely he shall not be moved for ever: the righteous shall be in everlasting remembrance.   7 He shall not be afraid of evil tidings: his heart is fixed, trusting in the LORD.   8 His heart is established, he shall not be afraid, until he see his desire upon his enemies.   9 He hath dispersed, he hath given to the poor; his righteousness endureth for ever; his horn shall be exalted with honour.   10 The wicked shall see it, and be grieved; he shall gnash with his teeth, and melt away: the desire of the wicked shall perish.

      In these verses we have,

      I. The satisfaction of saints, and their stability. It is the happiness of a good man that he shall not be moved for ever,Psalms 112:6; Psalms 112:6. Satan and his instruments endeavour to move him, but his foundation is firm and he shall never be moved, at least not moved for ever; if he be shaken for a time, yet he settles again quickly.

      1. A good man will have a settled reputation, and that is a great satisfaction. A good man shall have a good name, a name for good things, with God and good people: The righteous shall be in everlasting remembrance (Psalms 112:6; Psalms 112:6); in this sense his righteousness (the memorial of it) endures for ever,Psalms 112:9; Psalms 112:9. There are those that do all they can to sully his reputation and to load him with reproach; but his integrity shall be cleared up, and the honour of it shall survive him. Some that have been eminently righteous are had in a lasting remembrance on earth; wherever the scripture is read their good deeds are told for a memorial of them. And the memory of many a good man that is dead and gone is still blessed; but in heaven their remembrance shall be truly everlasting, and the honour of their righteousness shall there endure for ever, with the reward of it, in the crown of glory that fades not away. Those that are forgotten on earth, and despised, are remembered there, and honoured, and their righteousness found unto praise, and honour, and glory (1 Peter 1:7); then, at furthest, shall the horn of a good man be exalted with honour, as that of the unicorn when he is a conqueror. Wicked men, now in their pride, lift up their horns on high, but they shall all be cut off,Psalms 75:5; Psalms 75:10. The godly, in their humility and humiliation, have defiled their horn in the dust (Job 16:15); but the day is coming when it shall be exalted with honour. That which shall especially turn to the honour of good men is their liberality and bounty to the poor: He has dispersed, he has given to the poor; he has not suffered his charity to run all in one channel, or directed it to some few objects that he had a particular kindness for, but he has dispersed it, given a portion to seven and also to eight, has sown beside all waters, and by thus scattering he has increased: and this is his righteousness, which endures for ever. Alms are called righteousness, not because they will justify us by making atonement for our evil deeds, but because they are good deeds, which we are bound to perform; so that if we are not charitable we are not just; we withhold good from those to whom it is due. The honour of this endures for ever, for it shall be taken notice of in the great day. I was hungry, and you gave me meat. This is quoted as an inducement and encouragement to charity, 2 Corinthians 9:9.

      2. A good man shall have a settled spirit, and that is a much greater satisfaction than the former; for so shall a man have rejoicing in himself alone, and not in another. Surely he shall not be moved, whatever happens, not moved either from his duty or from his comfort; for he shall not be afraid; his heart is established,Psalms 112:7; Psalms 112:8. This is a part both of the character and of the comfort of good people. It is their endeavour to keep their minds stayed upon God, and so to keep them calm, and easy, and undisturbed; and God has promised them both cause to do so and grace to do so. Observe, (1.) It is the duty and interest of the people of God not to be afraid of evil tidings, not to be afraid of hearing bad news; and, when they do, not to be put into confusion by it and into an amazing expectation of worse and worse, but whatever happens, whatever threatens, to be able to say, with blessed Paul, None of these things move me, neither will I fear, though the earth be removed,Psalms 46:2. (2.) The fixedness of the heart is a sovereign remedy against the disquieting fear of evil tidings. If we keep our thoughts composed, and ourselves masters of them, our wills resigned to the holy will of God, our temper sedate, and our spirits even, under all the unevenness of Providence, we are well fortified against the agitations of the timorous. (3.) Trusting in the Lord is the best an surest way of fixing and establishing the heart. By faith we must cast anchor in the promise, in the word of God, and so return to him and repose in him as our rest. The heart of man cannot fix any where, to its satisfaction, but in the truth of God, and there it finds firm footing. (4.) Those whose hearts are established by faith will patiently wait till they have gained their point: He shall not be afraid, till he see his desire upon his enemies, that is, till he come to heaven, where he shall see Satan, and all his spiritual enemies, trodden under his feet, and, as Israel saw the Egyptians, dead on the sea-shore. Till he look upon his oppressors (so Dr. Hammond), till he behold them securely, and look boldly in their faces, as being now no longer under their power. It will complete the satisfaction of the saints, when they shall look back upon their troubles and pressures, and be able to say with St. Paul, when he had recounted the persecutions he endured (2 Timothy 3:11), But out of them all the Lord delivered me.

      II. The vexation of sinners, Psalms 112:10; Psalms 112:10. Two things shall fret them:-- 1. The felicity of the righteous: The wicked shall see the righteous in prosperity and honour and shall be grieved. It will vex them to see their innocency cleared and their low estate regarded, and those whom they hated and despised, and whose ruin they sought and hoped to see, the favourites of Heaven, and advanced to have dominion over them (Psalms 49:14); this will make them gnash with their teeth and pine away. This is often fulfilled in this world. The happiness of the saints is the envy of the wicked, and that envy is the rottenness of their bones. But it will most fully be accomplished in the other world, when it shall make damned sinners gnash with their teeth, to see Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in him bosom, to see all the prophets in the kingdom of God and themselves thrust out. 2. Their own disappointment: The desire of the wicked shall perish. Their desire was wholly to the world and the flesh, and they ruled over them; and therefore, when these perish, their joy is gone, and their expectations from them are cut off, to their everlasting confusion; their hope is as a spider's web.