Bible Commentaries
2 Chronicles 18

Verse 1

CHAPTER XVIII

Jehoshaphat joins affinity with Ahab, king of Israel, 1, 2;

who invites him to assist him in the war against the Syrians,

to which Jehoshaphat agrees, 3.

They consult the prophets concerning the success of the war;

and all, except Micaiah, promise Ahab victory, 4-17.

Micaiah relates his vision concerning the lying spirit in the

mouth of Ahab's prophets, 18-22.

Zedekiah, a false prophet, opposes Micaiah; and Micaiah is put

in prison, 23-27.

Both the kings go against the Syrians; the confederate armies

are defeated, and the king of Israel slain, 28-31.

NOTES ON CHAP. XVIII

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:1. Jehoshaphat had riches and honour — The preceding chapter gives ample proof of this.

Joined affinity with Ahab. — Took his daughter Athalia to be wife to his son Joram.

Verse 3

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:3. To Ramoth-gilead — This place belonged to the Israelites, and was now held by the king of Syria.

The whole of this chapter is circumstantially explained in the notes on 1 Kings 22:1-53.

Verse 9

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:9. The king of Israel and Jehoshaphat — "Ahab consulted false prophets; but Jehoshaphat sought instruction from the presence of the Lord, and prayed at the entering in of Samaria; and before these all the false prophets prophesied lies." - Targum.

Verse 20

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:20. Then there came out a spirit — The Targum gives a strange gloss here: "Then the spirit of Naboth of Jezreel came out from the abode of the righteous, and stood before the Lord, and said, I will deceive him. And the Lord said, By what means? To which he answered, I will be a spirit of false prophecy in the mouth of his prophets. And the Lord said, Thou mayest then. But although the power of deceiving them is given unto thee, nevertheless it will not be lawful for thee to sit among the righteous; for whosoever shall speak falsely cannot have a mansion among the righteous. Therefore go forth from me, and do as thou hast said." - Targum.

Verse 29

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:29. I will disguise myself — 1 Kings 22:30.

Verse 31

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:31. But Jehoshaphat cried out — "Jehoshaphat cried, and the WORD of the Lord brought him assistance." - Targum.

Verse 33

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:33. A certain man drew a bow — The Targum tells us who it was. "Now, Naaman, the captain of the host of the great king of Syria, drew a bow against him, (that the prophecy of Elijah the Tishbite, and of Micaiah the son of Imla, might be fulfilled,) and smote the king of Israel between the heart and the caul of the liver, through the place where the coat of mail is joined." 2 Kings 5:1 for this tradition.

Verse 34

Verse 2 Chronicles 18:34. Stayed himself up - against the Syrians — There was a great deal of true personal courage and patriotism in this last act of the king of Israel: he well knew that if his troops found that he was mortally wounded, they would immediately give way, and the battle would not only be lost, but the slaughter would be great in the pursuit; therefore he stayed himself up till the evening, when the termination of the day must necessarily bring the battle to a close: and when this was done, the Israelites found that their king was slain, and so they left the field of battle to their foes. Thus Israel had a great loss, and the Syrians had got a great deliverance. Had it not been for this accident, the Syrians had probably been defeated. See on 1 Kings 22:36.

IN the notes referred to above, the quibbling predictions of false prophets and lying oracles are mentioned, and several instances given; and the whole account of the lying spirit going forth from the Lord to deceive Ahab, particularly considered. See especially the notes as above on 2 Chronicles 18:19; 2 Chronicles 18:23-24.

The reader should never forget a truth so very frequently occurring in the Bible, that God is repeatedly represented as doing what, in the course of his providence, he only permits to be done.