Zaccaria 12:10

La Riveduta Bibbia

E spanderò sulla casa di Davide e sugli abitanti di Gerusalemme lo spirito di grazia e di supplicazione; ed essi riguarderanno a me, a colui ch’essi hanno trafitto, e ne faran cordoglio come si fa cordoglio per un figliuolo unico, e lo piangeranno amaramente come si piange amaramente un primogenito.

Parallel Translations

La Nuova Diodati
"Riverser sulla casa di Davide e sugli abitanti di Gerusalemme lo Spirito di grazia e di supplicazione; ed essi guarderanno a me, a colui che hanno trafitto faranno quindi cordoglio per lui, come si fa cordoglio per un figlio unico, e saranno grandemente addolorati per lui, come si grandemente addolorati per un primogenito

Giovanni Diodati Bibbia
E spander� sopra la casa di Davide, e sopra gli abitanti di Gerusalemme, lo Spirito di grazia, e di supplicazioni; e riguarderanno a me che avranno trafitto; e ne faran cordoglio, simile al cordoglio che si fa per lo figliuolo unico; e ne saranno in amaritudine, come per un primogenito.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

I will pour: Proverbs 1:23, Isaiah 32:15, Isaiah 44:3, Isaiah 44:4, Isaiah 59:19-21, Ezekiel 39:29, Joel 2:28, Joel 2:29, Acts 2:17, Acts 2:33, Acts 10:45, Acts 11:15, Titus 3:5, Titus 3:6

the house: Zechariah 12:7

the spirit: Psalms 51:12

of supplications: Jeremiah 31:9, Jeremiah 50:4, Romans 8:15, Romans 8:26, Ephesians 6:18, Jude 1:20

they shall look: That this relates to the crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth, and to his being pierced by the soldier's spear, we have the authority of the inspired apostle John for affirming; and this application agrees with the opinion of some of the ancient Jews, who interpret it of Messiah the son of David, as Moses Hadarson, on Gen. 28, though Jarchi and Abarbanel refer it to the death of Messiah the son of Joseph, whom they say was to be the suffering Messiah, while the former is to be the triumphant Messiah. Psalms 22:16, Psalms 22:17, John 1:29, John 19:34-37, Hebrews 12:2, Revelation 1:7

they shall mourn: Jeremiah 6:26, Amos 8:10, Matthew 24:30, Matthew 26:75, Acts 2:37, 2 Corinthians 7:9-11

Reciprocal: Genesis 21:16 - Let Genesis 45:3 - for they Exodus 12:8 - with bitter Leviticus 3:2 - kill it Leviticus 23:27 - afflict Numbers 21:9 - when he Numbers 24:17 - I shall see him Numbers 29:7 - afflict Deuteronomy 16:3 - the bread Deuteronomy 30:2 - return unto Judges 2:4 - the people Judges 11:34 - neither 1 Samuel 7:2 - lamented 1 Kings 8:47 - saying 1 Kings 17:17 - the son of the woman Ezra 10:1 - weeping Ecclesiastes 7:3 - is better Isaiah 29:24 - also Isaiah 45:22 - Look Jeremiah 3:21 - A voice Jeremiah 31:19 - Surely after Ezekiel 7:16 - mourning Ezekiel 20:43 - and ye shall Ezekiel 36:27 - I will Ezekiel 36:31 - shall loathe Ezekiel 37:14 - shall put Joel 2:12 - with fasting Zechariah 13:1 - the house Zechariah 13:9 - they shall call Matthew 5:4 - General Matthew 23:39 - Blessed Matthew 26:24 - Son of man goeth Luke 7:12 - the only Luke 7:38 - weeping Luke 8:42 - one Luke 8:52 - all Luke 9:38 - for Luke 13:35 - Blessed Luke 22:62 - and wept Luke 23:33 - they crucified Luke 23:35 - the people Luke 24:44 - in the prophets John 16:8 - he will John 16:14 - for John 19:37 - They Acts 2:38 - and ye Acts 3:18 - all Acts 5:31 - to give Acts 9:11 - for Acts 11:18 - granted Acts 26:23 - Christ Romans 11:23 - General 2 Corinthians 7:11 - that Galatians 3:14 - might Ephesians 2:18 - by 2 Timothy 2:25 - if Titus 2:11 - the grace Hebrews 6:1 - repentance Hebrews 6:6 - they crucify Hebrews 10:29 - the Spirit James 4:9 - afflicted 1 Peter 1:12 - sent

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And I will pour out upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem,.... The Jews that belong to the family of Christ, and to the heavenly Jerusalem, the church of the firstborn, whose names are written in heaven:

the Spirit of grace and of supplications; by which is meant the Holy Spirit of God, who is called the "Spirit of grace"; not merely because he is good and gracious, and loving to his people, and is of grace given unto them; but because he is the author of all grace in them; of gracious convictions, and spiritual illuminations; of quickening, regenerating, converting, and sanctifying grace; and of all particular graces, as faith, hope, love, fear, repentance, humility, joy, peace, meekness, patience, longsuffering, self-denial, c. as well as because he is the revealer, applier, and witnesser of all the blessings of grace unto them: and he is called the "Spirit of supplications"; because he indites the prayers of his people, shows them their wants, and stirs them up to pray; enlarges their hearts, supplies them with arguments, and puts words into their mouths; gives faith, fervency, and freedom, and encourages to come to God as their Father, and makes intercession for them, according to the will of God: pouring it upon them denotes the abundance and freeness of his grace; see Isaiah 44:3:

and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced; by nailing him to the tree at his crucifixion; and especially by piercing his side with a spear; which, though not personally done by them, yet by their ancestors, at least through their instigation and request; and besides, as he was pierced and wounded for their sins, so by them: and now, being enlightened and convicted by the Spirit of God, they shall look to him by faith for the pardon of their sins, through his blood; for the justification of their persons by his righteousness; and for eternal life and salvation through him. We Christians can have no doubt upon us that this passage belongs to Christ, when it is observed, upon one of the soldiers piercing the side of Jesus with a spear, it is said, "these things were done that the Scripture should be fulfilled; they shall look on him whom they have pierced"; and it seems also to be referred to in Revelation 1:7 yea, the Jews themselves, some of them, acknowledge it is to be understood of the Messiah. In the Talmud f, mention being made of the mourning after spoken of, it is asked, what this mourning was made for? and it is replied, R. Dusa and the Rabbins are divided about it: one says, for Messiah ben Joseph, who shall be slain; and another says, for the evil imagination, that shall be slain; it must be granted to him that says, for Messiah the son of Joseph that shall be slain; as it is written, "and they shall look upon whom they have pierced, and mourn", c. for, for the other, why should they mourn? hence Jarchi and Kimchi on the place say, our Rabbins interpret this of Messiah the son of Joseph, who shall be slain and the note of Aben Ezra is, all the nations shall look unto me, to see what I will do to those who have pierced Messiah the son of Joseph. Grotius observes, that Hadarsan on Genesis 28:10 understands it of Messiah the son of David. The Jews observing some prophecies speaking of the Messiah in a state of humiliation, and others of him in an exalted state, have coined this notion of two Messiahs, which are easily reconciled without it. The Messiah here prophesied of appears to be both God and man; a divine Person called Jehovah, who is all along speaking in the context, and in the text itself; for none else could pour out the spirit of grace and supplication; and yet he must be man, to be pierced; and the same is spoken of, that would do the one, and suffer the other; and therefore must be the θεανθρωπος, or God-man in one person. As to what a Jewish writer g objects, that this was spoken of one that was pierced in war, as appears from the context; and that if the same person that is pierced is to be looked to, then it would have been said, "and mourn for me, and be in bitterness for me"; it may be replied, that this prophecy does not speak of the piercing this person at the time when the above wars shall be; but of the Jews mourning for him at the time of their conversion, who had been pierced by them, that is, by their ancestors, hundreds of years ago; which now they will with contrition remember, they having assented to it, and commended it as a right action; and as for the change from the first person to the third, this is not at all unusual in Scripture:

and they shall mourn for him as one mourneth for [his] only [son]; or, "for this" h; that is, piercing him; for sin committed against him; because of their rejection of him, their hardness of heart, and unbelief with respect to him; and on account of their many sins, which were the occasion of his being pierced; which mourning will arise from, and be increased by, a spiritual sight of him, a sense of his love to them, and a view of benefits by him. Evangelical repentance springs from faith, and is accompanied with it; and this godly sorrow is like that which is expressed for an only son; see Amos 8:10 and indeed Christ is the only begotten of the Father, as well as the firstborn among many brethren, as follows:

and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for [his] firstborn; sin is a bitter thing, and makes work for bitter repentance.

f T. Bab. Succah, fol. 52. 1. g R. Isaac Chizzuk Emunah, par. 1. c. 36. p. 309. h עליו "super hoc", Junius Tremellius "propter hoc", Gussetius; "super illo", Piscator, Cocceius.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

And I will pour - As He promised by Joel, “I will pour out My Spirit upon all flesh” (Joel 2:28. See vol. i. pp. 193, 194), largely, abundantly, “upon the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem,” all, highest and lowest, from first to last, the “Spirit of grace and supplication,” that is, the “Holy Spirit” which conveyeth “grace,” as “the Spirit of wisdom and understanding” Isaiah 11:2 is “the Spirit” infusing “wisdom and understanding,” and the “Spirit of counsel and might” is that same Spirit, imparting the gift “of counsel” to see what is to be done and “of might” to do it, and the Spirit “of the knowledge and of the fear of the Lord” is that same “Spirit,” infusing loving acquaintance with God, with awe at His infinite Majesty. So “the Spirit of grace and supplication,” is that same Spirit, infusing grace and bringing into a state of favor with God, and a “Spirit of supplication” is that Spirit, calling out of the inmost soul the cry for a yet larger measure of the grace already given. Paul speaks of “the love of God poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit which is given unto us” Romans 5:5; and of “insulting the Spirit of grace” , rudely repulsing the Spirit, who giveth grace. Osorius: “When God Himself says, ‘I will pour out,’ He sets forth the greatness of His bountifulness whereby He bestoweth all things.”

And they shall look - with trustful hope and longing. Cyril: “When they had nailed the Divine Shrine to the Wood, they who had crucified Him, stood around, impiously mocking. But when He had laid down His life for us, “the centurion and they that were with him, watching Jesus, seeing the earthquake and those things which were done, feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God” Matthew 27:54. As it ever is with sin, compunction did not come till the sin was over: till then, it was overlaid; else the sin could not be done. At the first conversion, the three thousand “were pricked ‘in the heart.’ “when told that He “whom they had taken and with wicked hands had crucified and slain, is Lord and Christ” Acts 2:23, Acts 2:36. This awoke the first penitence of him who became Paul. “Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou Me?” This has been the center of Christian devotion ever since, the security against passion, the impulse to self-denial, the parent of zeal for souls, the incentive to love; this has struck the rock, that it gushed forth in tears of penitence: this is the strength and vigor of hatred of sin, to look to Him whom our sins pierced, “who” Paul says, “loved me and gave Himself for me.” Osorius: “We all lifted Him up upon the Cross; we transfixed with the nails His hands and feet; we pierced His Side with the spear. For if man had not sinned, the Son of God would have endured no torment.”

And they shall mourn for Him, as one mourneth for an only son, and shall be in bitterness for Him, as one that is in bitterness for a first-born - We feel most sensibly the sorrows of this life, passing as they are; and of these, the loss of an only son is a proverbial sorrow. “O daughter of My people, gird thee with sackcloth and wallow thyself in ashes,” God says; “make thee the mourning of an only son, Most bitter lamentation” Jeremiah 6:26. “I will make it as the mourning of an only son” Amos 8:10. The dead man carried out, “the only son of his mother and she was a widow,” is recorded as having touched the heart of Jesus. Alb.: “And our Lord, to the letter, was the Only-Begotten of His Father and His mother.” He was “the first-begotten of every creature” Colossians 1:15, and “we saw His glory, the glory as of the Only-Begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth” John 1:14. This mourning for Him whom our sins pierced and nailed to the tree, is continued, week by week, by the pious, on the day of the week, when He suffered for us, or in the perpetual memorial of His Precious Death in the Holy Eucharist, and especially in Passion-Tide. God sends forth anew “the Spirit of grace and supplication,” and the faithful mourn, because of their share in His Death. The prophecy had a rich and copious fulfillment in that first conversion in the first Pentecost; a larger fulfillment awaits it in the end, when, after the destruction of antichrist, “all Israel shall” be converted and “be saved.” Romans 11:26.

There is yet a more awful fulfillment; when “He cometh with clouds, and every eye shall see Him, and they which pierced Him, and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of Him” Revelation 1:7. But meanwhile it is fulfilled in every solid conversion of Jew pagan or careless Christian, as well as in the devotion of the pious. Zechariah has concentrated in few words the tenderest devotion of the Gospel, “They shall look on Me whom they pierced.” Lap.: “Zechariah teaches that among the various feelings which we can elicit from the meditation on the Passion of Christ, as admiration, love, gratitude, compunction, fear, penitence, imitation, patience, joy, hope, the feeling of compassion stands eminent, and that it is this, which we especially owe to Christ suffering for us. For who would not in his inmost self grieve with Christ, innocent and holy, yea the Only Begotten Son of God, when he sees Him nailed to the Cross and enduring so lovingly for him sufferings so manifold and so great? Who would not groan out commiseration, and melt into tears? Truly says Bonaventure in his ‘goad of divine love:’ ‘What can be more fruitful, what sweeter than, with the whole heart, to suffer with that most bitter suffering of our Lord Jesus Christ? ‘“

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Zechariah 12:10. I will pour upon the house of David — This is the way in which the Jews themselves shall be brought into the Christian Church.

1. "They shall have the spirit of grace," God will show them that he yet bears favour to them.

2. They shall be excited to fervent and continual prayer for the restoration of the Divine favour.

3. Christ shall be preached unto them; and they shall look upon and believe in him whom they pierced, whom they crucified at Jerusalem.

4. This shall produce deep and sincere repentance; they shall mourn, and be in bitterness of soul, to think that they had crucified the Lord of life and glory, and so long continued to contradict and blaspheme, since that time.