2 Tawarikh 13:3

Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari

Abia memulai perang dengan pasukan pahlawan-pahlawan perang, yang jumlahnya empat ratus ribu orang pilihan, sedangkan Yerobeam mengatur barisan perangnya melawan dia dengan delapan ratus ribu orang pilihan, pahlawan-pahlawan yang gagah perkasa.

Parallel Translations

Alkitab Terjemahan Baru
Abia memulai perang dengan pasukan pahlawan-pahlawan perang, yang jumlahnya empat ratus ribu orang pilihan, sedangkan Yerobeam mengatur barisan perangnya melawan dia dengan delapan ratus ribu orang pilihan, pahlawan-pahlawan yang gagah perkasa.

Alkitab Terjemahan Lama
Maka Abiapun mengikat perang dengan suatu tentara orang perwira perkasa empat ratus ribu orang pilihan; maka Yerobeampun mengikat perang hendak melawan dia dengan delapan ratus ribu orang pilihan, semuanya perwira perkasa.

Contextual Overview

¹ The eyghteenth yere of king Ieroboam began Abia to raigne ouer Iuda. ² And he raigned three yeres in Hierusalem: (His mothers name also was Michaiahu, the daughter of Uriel of Gibea:) And ther was warre betweene Abia and Ieroboam. ³ And Abia set the battaile in aray with the armie of valiaunt men of warre, eue foure hundred thousand chosen men: And Ieroboam set him selfe in aray to fight agaynst hym with eyght hundred thousand pickt men, which were strong, and men of armes. ⁴ And Abia stoode vp vpon Zemaraim, an hill which is in mount Ephraim, and saide: Heare me thou Ieroboam and al Israel. ⁵ Do not you knowe how that the Lord God of Israel gaue the kingdome ouer them of Israel to Dauid for euer, euen to him and to his sonnes, with a salted couenaunt? ⁶ And Ieroboam the sonne of Nabat the seruaunt of Solomon the sonne of Dauid is risen vp, and hath rebelled against his lorde. ⁷ And there gathered to him lewde men, the children of Belial, and preuailed against Rehoboam the sonne of Solomon, when Rehoboam was young and tender hearted, and could not stand before them. ⁸ And now ye say, that ye be able to preuaile against the kingdome of the Lord, which is in the hande of the sonnes of Dauid, and ye be a great multitude, and haue the golden calues which Ieroboam made you for gods. ⁹ And haue ye not cast out the priestes of the Lorde the sonnes of Aaron and the Leuites, and haue made you priestes after the maner of the nations of other landes? so that whosoeuer commeth & consecrateth his hande with a young oxe and seuen rammes, the same may be a priest of them that are no gods. ¹⁰ But we belong vnto the Lorde our God whom we haue not forsaken, and the priestes are the sonnes of Aaron which minister vnto the Lorde, and the Leuites wayte vpon their office.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

set: Heb. bound together, 1 Samuel 17:1-3

four hundred: 2 Chronicles 11:1, 2 Chronicles 14:8, 2 Chronicles 17:14-18, 2 Chronicles 26:12, 2 Chronicles 26:13, 1 Chronicles 21:5

eight hundred: 2 Chronicles 14:9

Reciprocal: Numbers 1:46 - General 1 Kings 15:6 - there was war 1 Kings 15:7 - there was war 1 Chronicles 19:9 - put the battle 2 Chronicles 13:17 - five hundred

Cross-References

Genesis 12:6
Abram passed through the lande, vnto the place of Sichem, vnto the plaine of Moreh. And the Chanaanite [was] then in the lande.

Genesis 13:8
Then sayde Abram vnto Lot: let there be no strife I pray thee betweene thee and me, and betweene my heardmen and thyne, for we be brethren.

Genesis 13:9
Is not the whole lande before thee? Seperate thy selfe I pray thee from me: yf thou wilt take the left hande, I wyll go to the ryght: or yf thou depart to the ryght hande, I wyll go to the left.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And Abijah set the battle in array, with an army of valiant man of war, even four hundred thousand chosen men,.... Collected such an army of select men, led them into his enemy's country, and set them in order of battle:

and Jeroboam also set the battle in array against him, with eight hundred thousand chosen men, being mighty men of valour; double the number of Abijah s army, he having ten tribes to collect out of, and Abijah but two.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

It has been proposed to change the numbers, here and in 2 Chronicles 13:17, into 40,000, 80,000, and 50,000 respectively - partly because these smaller numbers are found in many early editions of the Vulgate, but mainly because the larger ones are thought to be incredible. The numbers accord well, however, with the census of the people taken in the reign of David 1 Chronicles 21:5, joined to the fact which the writer has related 2 Chronicles 11:13-17, of a considerable subsequent emigration from the northern kingdom into the southern one. The total adult male population at the time of the census was 1,570, 000. The total of the fighting men now is 1,200, 000. This would allow for the aged and infirm 370, 000, or nearly a fourth of the whole. And in 2 Chronicles 13:17, our author may be understood to mean that this was the entire Israelite loss in the course of the war, which probably continued through the whole reign of Abijah.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse 2 Chronicles 13:3. Abijah set the battle in array — The numbers in this verse and in the seventeenth seem almost incredible. Abijah's army consisted of four hundred thousand effective men; that of Jeroboam consisted of eight hundred thousand; and the slain of Jeroboam's army were five hundred thousand. Now it is very possible that there is a cipher too much in all these numbers, and that they should stand thus: Abijah's army, forty thousand; Jeroboam's eighty thousand; the slain, fifty thousand. Calmet, who defends the common reading, allows that the Venice edition of the Vulgate, in 1478; another, in 1489; that of Nuremberg, in 1521; that of Basil, by Froben, in 1538; that of Robert Stevens, in 1546; and many others, have the smaller numbers. Dr. Kennicott says: "On a particular collation of the Vulgate version, it appears that the number of chosen men here slain, which Pope Clement's edition in 1592 determines to be five hundred thousand, the edition of Pope Sixtus, printed two years before, determined to be only fifty thousand; and the two preceding numbers, in the edition of Sixtus, are forty thousand and eighty thousand. As to different printed editions, out of fifty-two, from the year 1462 to 1592, thirty-one contain the less number. And out of fifty-one MSS. twenty-three in the Bodleian library, four in that of Dean Aldrich, and two in that of Exeter College, contain the less number, or else are corrupted irregularly, varying only one or two numbers."

This examination was made by Dr. Kennicott before he had finished his collation of Hebrew MSS., and before De Rossi had published his Variae Lectiones Veteris Testamenti; but from these works we find little help, as far as the Hebrew MSS. are concerned. One Hebrew MS., instead of ארבע מאות אלף arba meoth eleph, four hundred thousand, reads ארבע עשר אלף arba eser eleph, fourteen thousand.

In all printed copies of the Hebrew, the numbers are as in the common text, four hundred thousand, eight hundred thousand, and five hundred thousand.

The versions are as follow: - The Targum, or Chaldee, the same in each place as the Hebrew.

The Syriac in 2 Chronicles 13:3 has four hundred thousand young men for the army of Abijah, and eight hundred thousand stout youth for that of Jeroboam. For the slain Israelites, in 2 Chronicles 13:17, it has [Syriac] five hundred thousand, falsely translated in the Latin text quinque milia, five thousand, both in the Paris and London Polyglots: another proof among many that little dependence is to be placed on the Latin translation of this version in either of the above Polyglots.

The Arabic is the same in all these cases with the Syriac, from which it has been translated.

The Septuagint, both as it is published in all the Polyglots, and as far as I have seen in MSS.. is the same with the Hebrew text. So also is Josephus.

The Vulgate or Latin version is that alone that exhibits any important variations; we have had considerable proof of this in the above-mentioned collations of Calmet and Kennicott. I shall beg liberty to add others from my own collection.

In the Editio Princeps of the Latin Bible, though without date or place, yet evidently printed long before that of Fust, in 1462, the places stand thus: 2 Chronicles 13:3. Cumque inisset certamen, et haberet bellicosissimos viros, et electorum QUADRAGINTA milia: Iheroboam construxit e contra aciem OCTOGINTA milia virorum; "With him Abia entered into battle; and he had of the most warlike and choice men forty thousand; and Jeroboam raised an army against him of eighty thousand men."

And in 2 Chronicles 13:17: Et corruerunt vulnerati ex Israel, QUINQUAGINTA milia virorum fortium; "And there fell down wounded fifty thousand stout men of Israel."

In the Glossa Ordinaria, by Strabo Fuldensis, we have forty thousand and eighty thousand in the two first instances, and five hundred thousand in the last.-Bib. Sacr. vol. ii., Antv. 1634.

In six ancient MSS. of my own, marked A, B, C, D, E, F. the text stands thus: -

A. - Cumque inisset Abia certamen, et haberet bellicosissimos viros, et electorum XL. MIL. Jeroboam instruxit contra aciem LXXX. MIL.

And in 2 Chronicles 13:17: Et corruerunt vulnerati ex Israel L. MIL. virorum fortium. Here we have forty thousand for the army of Abijah, and eighty thousand for that of Jeroboam, and FIFTY thousand for the slain of the latter.

B.-QUADRAGINITA milia, OCTOGINTA milia,

FORTY thousand. EIGHTY thousand.

QUINQUIAGINTA milia,

FIFTY thousand.

The numbers being here expressed in words at full length, there can be no suspicion of mistake.

C.-CCCC milia, DCCC milibus, D milia

400 thousand. 800 thousand. 500 thousand.

This is the same as the Hebrew text, and very distinctly expressed.

D.-xl. m. lxxx. m. l. v. m.

40,000. 80,000. 50 and 5000.

This, in the two first numbers, is the same as the others above; but the last is confused, and appears to stand for fifty thousand and five thousand. A later hand has corrected the two first numbers in this MS., placing over the first four CCCC, thus (cccc/xl.), thus changing forty into four hundred; and over the second thus, (dccc/lxxx.), thus changing eighty into eight hundred. Over the latter number, which is evidently a mistake of the scribe, there is no correction.

E.-xl. m. OCTOGINTA m. l. m.

40,000 EIGHTY thousand. 50,000.

F.-CCCC. m. DCCC. m. D. m.

400,000. 800,000. 600,000.

This also is the same as the Hebrew.

The reader has now the whole evidence which I have been able to collect before him, and may choose; the smaller numbers appear to be the most correct. Corruptions in the numbers in these historical books we have often had cause to suspect, and to complain of.