Sálmarnir 80:1

Heilögum Biblíunni

1 Til söngstjórans. Liljulag. Asafs-vitnisburður. Sálmur. (80:2) Hirðir Ísraels, hlýð á, þú sem leiddir Jósef eins og hjörð, þú sem ríkir uppi yfir kerúbunum, birst þú í geisladýrð.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

A Psalm: This Psalm is generally supposed to have been written during the Babylonian captivity; but some think it refers to the desolations made by Sennacherib.

of Asaph: or, for Asaph

Give ear: Psalms 5:1, Psalms 55:1

O Shepherd: Psalms 23:1, Psalms 23:2, Isaiah 40:11, Ezekiel 34:23, John 10:14, Hebrews 13:20, 1 Peter 2:25, 1 Peter 5:4

leadest: Psalms 77:20, Psalms 78:52, Isaiah 49:9, Isaiah 49:10, Isaiah 63:11, John 10:3, John 10:4

dwellest: Psalms 99:1, Exodus 25:20-22, 1 Samuel 4:4, 2 Samuel 6:2, 2 Kings 19:15, Ezekiel 1:13, Ezekiel 10:4

shine: Psalms 80:3, Psalms 80:7, Psalms 80:19, Psalms 50:2, Psalms 94:1, Deuteronomy 33:2, Job 10:3, Isaiah 60:1, Ezekiel 43:2, Daniel 9:17, Revelation 21:23

Reciprocal: Genesis 3:24 - Cherubims Genesis 49:24 - the shepherd Exodus 15:13 - led Exodus 25:22 - between Exodus 37:7 - General Leviticus 9:24 - there came a fire Numbers 2:18 - camp of Ephraim Numbers 6:25 - The Lord Numbers 7:89 - two cherubims Numbers 9:17 - when the cloud Numbers 10:22 - the camp Deuteronomy 32:12 - the Lord 2 Samuel 22:11 - a cherub 1 Kings 6:23 - two cherubims 1 Kings 8:6 - under the wings 1 Chronicles 6:39 - Asaph 1 Chronicles 13:6 - that dwelleth 1 Chronicles 25:2 - Asaph 1 Chronicles 28:18 - the chariot Psalms 4:6 - lift Psalms 45:1 - Shoshannim Psalms 67:1 - cause Psalms 81:5 - in Joseph Psalms 95:7 - people Psalms 119:135 - Make Ecclesiastes 12:11 - given Song of Solomon 1:7 - thou feedest Isaiah 37:16 - dwellest Isaiah 60:2 - the Lord Isaiah 63:12 - with Jeremiah 13:17 - because Ezekiel 10:6 - General Ezekiel 34:11 - search Ezekiel 34:31 - ye my Ezekiel 37:24 - one Haggai 2:7 - I will fill John 10:2 - the shepherd John 10:9 - and shall John 10:11 - the good Hebrews 9:5 - over

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel,.... The title of a shepherd for the most part belongs to the Messiah, and who is expressly called the Shepherd and stone of Israel, as distinct from the God of Jacob,

Genesis 49:24 and may be so called because he was to be, and was of Israel, according to the flesh, and sent to the lost sheep of the house of Israel, and appointed by his Father as a Shepherd over them; and it is on the mountains of Israel he provides a good fold, and pasture for his sheep, Romans 9:4 and it is for the spiritual Israel, his sheep, his elect, both among Jews and Gentiles, for whom he laid down his life; by which it appears that he is the good Shepherd, as he also is the great, the chief, the only one; though this character also may be given, and agrees unto God the Father, who rules, and governs, and feeds his people, his spiritual Israel, as a shepherd his flock; and who is addressed by his people, and is desired to "give ear" to their cries and prayers in their affliction and distress: God has an ear to hear his people's prayers, though sometimes they think he does not hear them; but he not only hears, but answers sooner or later, and in his own way; and the consideration of his character as a shepherd may be an encouragement to their faith, that he will hear, and will not withhold any good thing from them, Psalms 23:1

thou that leadest Joseph like a flock; the posterity of Joseph, the same with Israel, the spiritual Israel, who are like a flock of sheep, a separate people, distinguished by the grace of God, and purchased by the blood of Christ; and as there is but one Shepherd, so one fold, and one flock, and that but a little one neither; and which is sometimes called a flock of slaughter, because exposed to the rage and fury of men; yet a beautiful one in the eye of Christ, which he undertook to feed: and this he leads on gently and softly, gradually, and proportionate to their strength, or as they are able to bear; he leads in and out, and they find pasture; he leads them out of their former state and condition, in which he finds them, out of the pastures of sin and self-righteousness into the green pastures of his love, grace, word, and ordinances:

thou that dwellest between the cherubim; which were over the mercy seat, and were either emblems of angels, among whom Jehovah dwells, and is surrounded by them; by whom Christ was ministered to on earth, and now in heaven, and among whom he was when he ascended thither, and where they are subject to him: or of the two Testaments, which look to Christ, the mercy seat, and agree with each other in their testimony of him, and in other things; and where these are truly opened and explained, there the Lord dwells: or rather of the saints of both dispensations, who look to Christ alone for salvation, and expect to be saved by his grace; are both partakers of it, as they will be of the same glory; and among these the Lord dwells as in his temple; though it seems best of all to consider them as emblems of Gospel ministers, since Ezekiel's four living creatures are the "cherubim",

Ezekiel 10:20, and these the same with John's four beasts, or living creatures, who were certainly men, being redeemed by the blood of Christ; and were ministers, being distinguished from the four and twenty elders, Revelation 4:6 and among these the Lord dwells, and with them he has promised his presence shall be unto the end of the world:

shine forth; either God the Father, who dwelt between the cherubim, over the mercy seat, who sits upon a throne of grace, from whence he communes with his people and communicates to them; and then the request is, that he would shine forth in the perfections of his nature, as he has done in his Son, the brightness of his glory, and in redemption and salvation by him, where they are all illustriously displayed; and particularly in his lovingkindness through him, which has appeared and shone forth in the mission of Christ, and in giving him up for us all; and by granting his gracious presence unto his people in Zion, in his house and ordinances; see Psalms 1:2, or the Messiah, the Shepherd of Israel, and the Leader of his flock, and under whom the living creatures and cherubim are, Ezekiel 1:26, that he would shine forth in human nature; that this bright morning star would appear; that the dayspring from on high would visit men, and that the sun of righteousness would arise with healing in his wings; and that the glorious light of his Gospel would break forth, and the grace of God, the doctrine of it, appear and shine out unto all men, Jews and Gentiles.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Give ear - Incline the ear; as if the ear of God was then turned away, or as if he was inattentive to what was occurring. See the notes at Psalms 5:1. O Shepherd of Israel. See the notes at Psalms 23:1.

Thou that leadest Joseph like a flock - Joseph, the father of Ephraim and Manasseh. See the notes at Psalms 78:67. The name Joseph seems here to be used poetically to represent the whole people of Israel, as he was a man so prominent in their history, and especially as Egypt is mentioned as the country from which the vine had been transplanted - a country where Joseph had acted so important a part, and in connection with which his name would be so naturally associated. The meaning is, that God had led the tribes of the Hebrew people as a shepherd leads or conducts his flock.

Thou that dwellest between the cherubims - See the notes at Psalms 18:10. The allusion here is to God as dwelling, by a visible symbol - the Shechinah - on the mercy-seat, between the cherubims. Exodus 25:18, Exodus 25:22; Exodus 37:7; 1Sa 4:4; 1 Kings 6:25. See the notes at Isaiah 37:16; and notes at Hebrews 9:5. “Shine, forth.” Manifest thyself. Let light come from thy presence in the midst of our darkness and calamity.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

PSALM LXXX

A prayer for the captives, 1-3.

A description of their miseries, 4-7.

Israel compared to a vineyard, 8-14.

Its desolate state, and a prayer for its restoration, 15-19.

NOTES ON PSALM LXXX

The title: see Psalms 45:1; Psalms 60:1; Psalms 69:1, where every thing material is explained. This Psalm seems to have been written on the same occasion with the former. One ancient MS. in the public library in Cambridge writes the eightieth and the seventy-ninth all as one Psalm; the subject-matter is precisely the same-was made on the same occasion, and probably by the same author.

Verse Psalms 80:1. O Shepherd of Israel — The subject continued from the last verse of the preceding Psalm.

Leadest Joseph — Israel and Joseph mean here the whole of the Jewish tribes; all were at this time in captivity; all had been the people of the Lord; all, no doubt, made supplication unto him now that his chastening hand was upon them; and for all the psalmist makes supplication.

That dwellest between the cherubims — It was between the cherubim, over the cover of the ark, called the propitiatory or mercy-seat, that the glory of the Lord, or symbol of the Divine Presence, appeared. It is on this account that the Lord is so often said to dwell between the cherubim. Of these symbolical beings there is a long and painful account, or system of conjectures, in Parkhurst's Hebrew Lexicon, of about twenty quarto pages, under the word כרב carab.

Shine forth. — Restore thy worship; and give us such evidences of thy presence now, as our fathers had under the first tabernacle, and afterwards in the temple built by Solomon.