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Read the Bible

Revised Standard Version

Job 3:20

"Why is light given to him that is in misery, and life to the bitter in soul,

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Afflictions and Adversities;   Despondency;   Thompson Chain Reference - Hope-Despair;   Life;   Weariness of Life;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Murmuring;  

Dictionaries:

- Charles Buck Theological Dictionary - Greatness of God;   Heart;   Independency of God;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Job, the Book of;   Poetry;  

Encyclopedias:

- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Bitter;   Light;   Sheol;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Death, Views and Customs Concerning;   Strophic Forms in the Old Testament;  

Devotionals:

- Daily Light on the Daily Path - Devotion for May 29;  

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
Why is light given to one burdened with grief,and life to those whose existence is bitter,
Hebrew Names Version
"Why is light given to him who is in misery, Life to the bitter in soul,
King James Version
Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul;
English Standard Version
"Why is light given to him who is in misery, and life to the bitter in soul,
New Century Version
"Why is light given to those in misery? Why is life given to those who are so unhappy?
New English Translation
"Why does God give light to one who is in misery, and life to those whose soul is bitter,
Amplified Bible
"Why is the light given to him who is in misery, And life to the bitter in soul,
New American Standard Bible
"Why is light given to one burdened with grief, And life to the bitter of soul,
World English Bible
"Why is light given to him who is in misery, Life to the bitter in soul,
Geneva Bible (1587)
Wherefore is the light giuen to him that is in miserie? and life vnto them that haue heauie hearts?
Legacy Standard Bible
"Why is light given to him who is troubled,And life to the bitter of soul,
Berean Standard Bible
Why is light given to the miserable, and life to the bitter of soul,
Contemporary English Version
Why does God let me live when life is miserable and so bitter?
Complete Jewish Bible
They long for death, but it never comes; they search for it more than for buried treasure;
Darby Translation
Wherefore is light given to him that is in trouble, and life to those bitter of soul,
Easy-to-Read Version
"Why must a suffering person continue to live? Why let anyone live such a bitter life?
George Lamsa Translation
Why is light given to him who is in trouble, and life to the bitter in soul,
Good News Translation
Why let people go on living in misery? Why give light to those in grief
Lexham English Bible
"Why does he give light to one in misery and life to those bitter of soul,
Literal Translation
Why is light given to the miserable one, and life to him who is bitter in soul;
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
Wherfore is the light geuen, to him that is in mysery? and life vnto them, that haue heuy hertes?
American Standard Version
Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery, And life unto the bitter in soul;
Bible in Basic English
Why does he give light to him who is in trouble, and life to the bitter in soul;
Bishop's Bible (1568)
Wherefore is the light geuen to hym that is in miserie? & lyfe vnto them that haue heauy heartes?
JPS Old Testament (1917)
Wherewith is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul--
King James Version (1611)
Wherefore is light giuen to him that is in misery, and life vnto the bitter in soule?
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
For why is light given to those who are in bitterness, and life to those souls which are in griefs?
English Revised Version
Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul;
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
Whi is liyt youun to the wretche, and lijf to hem that ben in bitternesse of soule?
Update Bible Version
Why is light given to him that is in misery, And life to the bitter in soul?
Webster's Bible Translation
Why is light given to him that is in misery, and life to the bitter [in] soul;
New King James Version
"Why is light given to him who is in misery, And life to the bitter of soul,
New Living Translation
"Oh, why give light to those in misery, and life to those who are bitter?
New Life Bible
"Why is light given to him who suffers? Why is life given to those who feel sad in their soul?
New Revised Standard
"Why is light given to one in misery, and life to the bitter in soul,
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
Wherefore give, to the wretched, light? Or, life, to the embittered in soul? -
Douay-Rheims Bible
Why is light given to him that is in misery, and life to them that are in bitterness of soul?
Young's Literal Translation
Why giveth He to the miserable light, and life to the bitter soul?
THE MESSAGE
"Why does God bother giving light to the miserable, why bother keeping bitter people alive, Those who want in the worst way to die, and can't, who can't imagine anything better than death, Who count the day of their death and burial the happiest day of their life? What's the point of life when it doesn't make sense, when God blocks all the roads to meaning?
New American Standard Bible (1995)
"Why is light given to him who suffers, And life to the bitter of soul,

Contextual Overview

20 "Why is light given to him that is in misery, and life to the bitter in soul, 21 who long for death, but it comes not, and dig for it more than for hid treasures; 22 who rejoice exceedingly, and are glad, when they find the grave? 23 Why is light given to a man whose way is hid, whom God has hedged in? 24 For my sighing comes as my bread, and my groanings are poured out like water. 25 For the thing that I fear comes upon me, and what I dread befalls me. 26 I am not at ease, nor am I quiet; I have no rest; but trouble comes."

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Wherefore: Job 6:9, Job 7:15, Job 7:16, Jeremiah 20:18

light: Job 3:16, Job 33:28, Job 33:30

the bitter: Job 7:15, Job 7:16, 1 Samuel 1:10, 2 Kings 4:27, Proverbs 31:6

Reciprocal: Genesis 27:46 - I am Genesis 30:1 - or else I die Exodus 16:3 - we had Numbers 11:15 - kill me 1 Kings 19:4 - he requested Job 9:18 - filleth me Job 10:1 - My soul Job 13:26 - writest Job 18:18 - He shall be driven Job 21:25 - in the bitterness Job 36:20 - Desire Job 40:2 - he that reproveth Ecclesiastes 2:17 - I hated Isaiah 15:4 - his Jeremiah 8:3 - death Jonah 4:3 - take Revelation 9:6 - shall men

Cross-References

Genesis 2:20
The man gave names to all cattle, and to the birds of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for the man there was not found a helper fit for him.
Genesis 2:23
Then the man said, "This at last is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man."
Genesis 5:29
and called his name Noah, saying, "Out of the ground which the LORD has cursed this one shall bring us relief from our work and from the toil of our hands."
Genesis 16:11
And the angel of the LORD said to her, "Behold, you are with child, and shall bear a son; you shall call his name Ish'mael; because the LORD has given heed to your affliction.
Genesis 35:18
And as her soul was departing (for she died), she called his name Ben-o'ni; but his father called his name Benjamin.
Exodus 2:10
And the child grew, and she brought him to Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son; and she named him Moses, for she said, "Because I drew him out of the water."
1 Samuel 1:20
and in due time Hannah conceived and bore a son, and she called his name Samuel, for she said, "I have asked him of the LORD."
Matthew 1:21
she will bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins."
Matthew 1:23
"Behold, a virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and his name shall be called Emmanuel" (which means, God with us).
Acts 17:26
And he made from one every nation of men to live on all the face of the earth, having determined allotted periods and the boundaries of their habitation,

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery,.... That labours under various calamities and afflictions, as Job did, being stripped of his substance, deprived of his children, and now in great pain of body and distress of mind; who, since he died not so soon as he wished he had, expostulates why his life is protracted; for that is what he means by light, as appears from the following clause, even the light of the living, or the light of the world; which though sweet and pleasant to behold to a man in health, yet not to one in pain of body and anguish of mind, as he was, who chose rather to be in the dark and silent grave; this he represents as a gift, as indeed life is, and the gift of God: the words may be rendered, "wherefore does he give light?" y that is, God, as some z supply it, who is undoubtedly meant, though not mentioned, through reverence of him, and that he might not seem to quarrel with him; the principle of life is from him, and the continuance and protraction of it, and all the means and mercies by which it is supported; and Job asks the reasons, which he seems to be at a loss for, why it should be continued to a person in such uncomfortable circumstances as he was in; though these, with respect to a good man as he was, are plain and obvious: such are continued in the world under afflictions, both for their own good, and for the glory of God, that their graces may be tried, their sins purged away or prevented, and they made more partakers of divine holiness; and be weaned from this world, and fitted for another, and not be condemned with the world of the ungodly:

and life unto the bitter [in] soul; whose lives are embittered to them by afflictions, comparable to the waters of Marah, and to wormwood and gall, which occasion bitterness of spirit in them, and bitter complaints from them; see Job 13:26.

y למה יתן "quare dat", Cocceius, Schmidt, Schultens, Michaelis. z So Junius & Tremellius, Piscator. vid. Schultens in loc.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery? - The word “light” here is used undoubtedly to denote “life.” This verse commences a new part of Job’s complaint. It is that God keeps people alive who would prefer to die; that he furnishes them with the means of sustaining existence, and actually preserves them, when they would consider it an inestimable blessing to expire. Schultens remarks, on this part of the chapter, that the tone of Job’s complaint is considerably modified. He has given vent to his strong feelings, and the language here is more mild and gentle. Still it implies a reflection on God. It is not the language of humble submission. It contains an implied charge of cruelty and injustice; and it laid the foundation for some of the just reproofs which follow.

And life unto the bitter in soul - Who are suffering bitter grief. We use the word “bitter” yet to denote great grief and pain.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Job 3:20. Wherefore is light given — Why is life granted to him who is incapable of enjoying it, or of performing its functions?


 
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