Exodus 1:13

JPS Old Testament

And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour.

Parallel Translations

Hebrew Names Version
The Mitzrim ruthlessly made the children of Yisra'el serve,

King James Version
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour:

Lexham English Bible
And the Egyptians ruthlessly compelled the Israelites to work.

New Century Version
and demanded even more of them.

New English Translation
and they made the Israelites serve rigorously.

Amplified Bible
And the Egyptians made the Israelites serve rigorously [forcing them into severe slavery].

New American Standard Bible
The Egyptians used violence to compel the sons of Israel to labor;

Geneva Bible (1587)
Wherefore the Egyptians by crueltie caused the children of Israel to serue.

Legacy Standard Bible
So the Egyptians brutally compelled the sons of Israel to slave labor;

Contemporary English Version
and made them work so hard

Complete Jewish Bible
and worked them relentlessly,

Darby Translation
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel serve with harshness;

Easy-to-Read Version
So the Egyptians made them work even harder.

English Standard Version
So they ruthlessly made the people of Israel work as slaves

George Lamsa Translation
So the Egyptians oppressed the children of Israel severely;

Good News Translation
and made their lives miserable by forcing them into cruel slavery. They made them work on their building projects and in their fields, and they had no pity on them.

Christian Standard Bible®
They worked the Israelites ruthlessly

Literal Translation
And Egypt made the sons of Israel to serve with harshness.

Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
and the Egipcians compelled the children of Israel without mercy to do seruyce,

American Standard Version
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor:

Bible in Basic English
And they gave the children of Israel even harder work to do:

Bishop's Bible (1568)
And the Egyptians helde the children of Israel in bondage without mercie,

King James Version (1611)
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serue with rigour.

Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
And the Egyptians tyrannised over the children of Israel by force.

English Revised Version
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour:

Berean Standard Bible
They worked the Israelites ruthlessly

Wycliffe Bible (1395)
And Egipcians hatiden the sones of Israel, and turmentiden, and scorneden hem;

Young's Literal Translation
and the Egyptians cause the sons of Israel to serve with rigour,

Update Bible Version
And the Egyptians made the sons of Israel to serve with rigor:

Webster's Bible Translation
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor.

World English Bible
The Egyptians ruthlessly made the children of Israel serve,

New King James Version
So the Egyptians made the children of Israel serve with rigor.

New Living Translation
So the Egyptians worked the people of Israel without mercy.

New Life Bible
The Egyptians made the people of Israel work very hard.

New Revised Standard
The Egyptians became ruthless in imposing tasks on the Israelites,

J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
And the Egyptians rigorously made the sons of Israel serve;

Douay-Rheims Bible
And the Egyptians hated the children of Israel, and afflicted them and mocked them:

Revised Standard Version
So they made the people of Israel serve with rigor,

New American Standard Bible (1995)
The Egyptians compelled the sons of Israel to labor rigorously;

Contextual Overview

⁸ Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph. ⁹ And he said unto his people: 'Behold, the people of the children of Israel are too many and too mighty for us; ¹⁰ come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there befalleth us any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.' ¹¹ Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh store-cities, Pithom and Raamses. ¹² But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread abroad. And they were adread because of the children of Israel. ¹³ And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour. ¹⁴ And they made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field; in all their service, wherein they made them serve with rigour.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Reciprocal: Exodus 1:14 - was with rigour Exodus 3:9 - and I have Leviticus 25:43 - rule 2 Samuel 7:10 - as beforetime 1 Kings 12:11 - I will add 1 Chronicles 17:9 - as at the 2 Chronicles 10:4 - grievous 2 Chronicles 10:11 - I will put Job 24:12 - groan Psalms 107:39 - oppression Ecclesiastes 4:1 - and considered Isaiah 52:5 - make Ezekiel 34:4 - but with John 8:33 - and were Revelation 11:8 - Egypt

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour. Or with breach c, with what might tend to break their strength; they laid heavier burdens upon them, obliged them to harder service, used them more cruelly and with greater fierceness, adding to their hard service ill words, and perhaps blows.

c בפרך "in fractione", Cajetan. apud Rivet.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Exodus 1:13. To serve with rigour — בפרך bepharech, with cruelty, great oppression; being ferocious with them. The word fierce is supposed by some to be derived from the Hebrew, as well as the Latin ferox, from which we more immediately bring our English term. This kind of cruelty to slaves, and ferociousness, unfeelingness, and hard-heartedness, were particularly forbidden to the children of Israel. See Leviticus 25:43, Leviticus 25:46, where the same word is used: Thou shalt not rule over him with RIGOUR, but shalt fear thy God.