Study Desk

During the second year, in the second month on the twentieth day of the month, the cloud was lifted up above the tabernacle of the testimony.

The Israelites traveled on from the Wilderness of Sinai, moving from one place to the next^(g) until the cloud stopped in the Wilderness of Paran.^(h)

They set out for the first time according to the Lord 's command through Moses.⁽ⁱ⁾

The military divisions of the camp of Judah with their banner set out first, and Nahshon son of Amminadab^(j) was over Judah's divisions.

Nethanel son of Zuar^(k) was over the division of the Issachar tribe,

and Eliab son of Helon was over the division of the Zebulun tribe.

The tabernacle was then taken down, and the Gershonites and the Merarites set out, transporting the tabernacle.

The military divisions of the camp of Reuben with their banner set out, and Elizur son of Shedeur was over Reuben's division.

Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai^(l) was over the division of Simeon's tribe,

and Eliasaph son of Deuel was over the division of the tribe of Gad.

The Kohathites then set out, transporting the holy objects;^(m) the tabernacle was to be set up before their arrival.

Next the military divisions of the camp of Ephraim with their banner set out, and Elishama son of Ammihud⁽ⁿ⁾ was over Ephraim's division.

Gamaliel son of Pedahzur was over the division of the tribe of Manasseh,

and Abidan son of Gideoni was over the division of the tribe of Benjamin.

The military divisions of the camp of Dan with their banner set out, serving as rear guard for all the camps, and Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai^(o) was over Dan's division.

Pagiel son of Ochran was over the division of the tribe of Asher,

and Ahira son of Enan was over the division of the tribe of Naphtali.

This was the order of march for the Israelites by their military divisions as they set out.

Moses said to Hobab, son of Moses' father-in-law^[a] Reuel^[b](p) the Midianite: "We're setting out for the place the Lord promised: ‘I will give it to you.'^(q) Come with us, and we will treat you well, for the Lord has promised good things to Israel."^(r)

But he replied to him, "I don't want to go. Instead, I will go to my own land and my relatives."

"Please don't leave us," Moses said, "since you know where we should camp in the wilderness, and you can serve as our eyes.

If you come with us, whatever good the Lord does for us we will do for you."^(s)

They set out from the mountain of the Lord on a three-day journey with the ark of the Lord 's covenant traveling ahead of them for those three days to seek a resting place for them.^(t)

Meanwhile, the cloud of the Lord was over them by day when they set out from the camp.

Whenever the ark set out, Moses would say: Arise, Lord ! Let Your enemies be scattered, and those who hate You flee from Your presence.^(u)

When it came to rest, he would say: Return, Lord , to the countless thousands of Israel.^(v)

Now the people began complaining openly before^[a] the Lord about hardship. When the Lord heard, His anger burned,^(a) and fire^(b) from the Lord blazed among them and consumed the outskirts of the camp.

Then the people cried out to Moses, and he prayed to the Lord , and the fire died down.

So that place was named Taberah,^[b](c) because the Lord 's fire had blazed among them.

Contemptible people^[c] among them^(d) had a strong craving^(e) for other food. The Israelites cried again and said, "Who will feed us meat?

We remember the free fish we ate in Egypt,^(f) along with the cucumbers, melons, leeks, onions, and garlic.

But now our appetite is gone;^[d] there's nothing to look at but this manna!"

The manna^(g) resembled coriander seed, and its appearance was like that of bdellium.^[e]

The people walked around and gathered it. They ground it on a pair of grinding stones or crushed it in a mortar, then boiled it in a cooking pot and shaped it into cakes. It tasted like a pastry cooked with the finest oil.

When the dew fell on the camp at night, the manna would fall with it.^(h)

Moses heard the people, family after family, crying at the entrance of their tents. The Lord was very angry;⁽ⁱ⁾ Moses was also provoked.^[f]

So Moses asked the Lord , "Why have You brought such trouble on Your servant? Why are You angry with me, and why do You burden me with all these people?^(j)

Did I conceive all these people? Did I give them birth so You should tell me, ‘Carry them at your breast, as a nursing woman carries a baby,'^(k) to the land that You^[g] swore to give their fathers?^(l)

Where can I get meat to give all these people? For they are crying to me: ‘Give us meat to eat!'

I can't carry all these people by myself. They are too much for me.

If You are going to treat me like this, please kill me right now.^(m) If You are pleased with me,⁽ⁿ⁾ don't let me see my misery^[h] anymore."

The Lord answered Moses, "Bring Me 70 men from Israel known to you as elders and officers of the people. Take them to the tent of meeting and have them stand there with you.

Then I will come down and speak with you there. I will take some of the Spirit who is on you and put the Spirit on them.^(o) They will help you bear the burden of the people, so that you do not have to bear it by yourself.^(p)

"Tell the people: Purify yourselves in readiness for tomorrow, and you will eat meat because you cried before the Lord : ‘Who will feed us meat? We really had it good in Egypt.' The Lord will give you meat and you will eat.

You will eat, not for one day, or two days, or five days, or 10 days, or 20 days,

but for a whole month—until it comes out of your nostrils and becomes nauseating to you—because you have rejected the Lord who is among you, and cried to Him: ‘Why did we ever leave Egypt?'"^(q)

But Moses replied, "I'm in the middle of a people with 600,000 foot soldiers,^(r) yet You say, ‘I will give them meat, and they will eat for a month.'

If flocks and herds were slaughtered for them, would they have enough? Or if all the fish in the sea were caught for them, would they have enough?"^(s)

The Lord answered Moses, "Is the Lord 's power limited?^[i](t) You will see whether or not what I have promised will happen to you."

Moses went out and told the people the words of the Lord . He brought 70 men from the elders of the people and had them stand around the tent.

Then the Lord descended in the cloud and spoke to him.^(u) He took some of the Spirit that was on Moses and placed the Spirit on the 70 elders. As the Spirit rested on them, they prophesied,^(v) but they never did it again.

Two men had remained in the camp, one named Eldad and the other Medad; the Spirit rested on them—they were among those listed, but had not gone out to the tent—and they prophesied in the camp.

A young man ran and reported to Moses, "Eldad and Medad are prophesying in the camp."

Joshua son of Nun, assistant to Moses since his youth,^[j] responded, "Moses, my lord, stop them!"

But Moses asked him, "Are you jealous on my account?^(w) If only all the Lord 's people were prophets and the Lord would place His Spirit on them!"

Then Moses returned to the camp along with the elders of Israel.

A wind sent by the Lord ^(x) came up and blew quail in from the sea; it dropped them at the camp all around, three feet^[k] off^[l] the ground, about a day's journey in every direction.^(y)

The people were up all that day and night and all the next day gathering the quail—the one who took the least gathered 50 bushels^[m]—and they spread them out all around the camp.^[n](z)

While the meat was still between their teeth, before it was chewed, the Lord 's anger burned^(aa) against the people, and the Lord struck them with a very severe plague.^(ab)

So they named that place Kibroth-hattaavah,^[o] because there they buried the people who had craved the meat.

From Kibroth-hattaavah the people moved on to Hazeroth^[p](ac) and remained there.

Miriam^(a) and Aaron criticized Moses because of the Cushite^[a][b] woman he married (for he had married a Cushite woman).

They said, "Does the Lord speak only through Moses? Does He not also speak through us?" And the Lord heard it.

Moses was a very humble man, more so than any man on the face of the earth.

Suddenly the Lord said to Moses, Aaron, and Miriam, "You three come out to the tent of meeting." So the three of them went out.

Then the Lord descended in a pillar of cloud,^(b) stood at the entrance to the tent, and summoned Aaron and Miriam. When the two of them came forward,

He said: "Listen to what I say: If there is a prophet among you from the Lord , I make Myself known to him in a vision;^(c) I speak with him in a dream.

Not so with My servant Moses; he is faithful in^[c] all My household.^(d)

I speak with him^(e) directly,^[d] openly, and not in riddles; he sees the form of the Lord .^(f) So why were you not afraid to speak against My servant Moses?"

The Lord 's anger burned against them,^(g) and He left.

As the cloud moved away from the tent, Miriam's skin suddenly became diseased, as white as snow. When Aaron turned toward her, he saw that she was diseased

and said to Moses, "My lord, please don't hold against us this sin we have so foolishly committed.

Please don't let her be like a dead baby^[e] whose flesh is half eaten away when he comes out of his mother's womb."

Then Moses cried out to the Lord , "God, please heal her!"^(h)

The Lord answered Moses, "If her father had merely spit in her face, wouldn't she remain in disgrace for seven days? Let her be confined outside the camp⁽ⁱ⁾ for seven days;^(j) after that she may be brought back in."

So Miriam was confined outside the camp for seven days, and the people did not move on until Miriam was brought back in.^(k)

After that, the people set out from Hazeroth and camped in the Wilderness of Paran.

The Lord spoke to Moses:

"Send men to scout out the land of Canaan^(a) I am giving to the Israelites. Send one man who is a leader among them from each of their ancestral tribes."

Moses sent them from the Wilderness of Paran at the Lord 's command. All the men were leaders in Israel.^(b)

These were their names: Shammua son of Zaccur from the tribe of Reuben;

Shaphat son of Hori from the tribe of Simeon;

Caleb^(c) son of Jephunneh from the tribe of Judah;

Igal son of Joseph from the tribe of Issachar;

Hoshea son of Nun^(d) from the tribe of Ephraim;

Palti son of Raphu from the tribe of Benjamin;

Gaddiel son of Sodi from the tribe of Zebulun;

Gaddi son of Susi from the tribe of Manasseh (from the tribe of Joseph);

Ammiel son of Gemalli from the tribe of Dan;

Sethur son of Michael from the tribe of Asher;

Nahbi son of Vophsi from the tribe of Naphtali;

Geuel son of Machi from the tribe of Gad.

These were the names of the men Moses sent to scout out the land, and Moses renamed Hoshea son of Nun, Joshua.