Study Desk

The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron:

"Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When any man has a discharge^(a) from his body, he is unclean.

This is uncleanness of his discharge: Whether his body secretes the discharge or retains it, he is unclean. All the days that his body secretes or retains anything because of his discharge,^[a] he is unclean.^[b]

Any bed the man with the discharge lies on will be unclean, and any furniture he sits on will be unclean.

Anyone who touches his bed is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

Whoever sits on furniture that the man with the discharge was sitting on is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

Whoever touches the body of the man with a discharge is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

If the man with the discharge spits on anyone who is clean, he is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

Any saddle the man with the discharge rides on will be unclean.^(b)

Whoever touches anything that was under him will be unclean until evening, and whoever carries such things is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

If the man with the discharge touches anyone without first rinsing his hands in water,^(c) the person who was touched is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

Any clay pot that the man with the discharge touches must be broken, while any wooden utensil must be rinsed with water.^(d)

"When the man with the discharge has been cured of it, he is to count seven days for his cleansing, wash his clothes, and bathe his body in fresh water; he will be clean.

He must take two turtledoves or two young pigeons on the eighth day, come before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting, and give them to the priest.

The priest is to sacrifice them, one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering.^(e) In this way the priest will make atonement for him before the Lord because of his discharge.

"When a man has an emission of semen,^(f) he is to bathe himself completely with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

Any clothing or leather on which there is an emission of semen must be washed with water, and it will remain unclean until evening.

If a man sleeps with a woman and has an emission of semen, both of them are to bathe with water, and they will remain unclean until evening.^(g)

"When a woman has a discharge, and it consists of blood from her body, she will be unclean because of her menstruation^(h) for seven days. Everyone who touches her will be unclean until evening.

Anything she lies on during her menstruation will become unclean, and anything she sits on will become unclean.

Everyone who touches her bed is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

Everyone who touches any furniture she was sitting on is to wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

If discharge is on the bed or the furniture she was sitting on, when he touches it he will be unclean until evening.

If a man sleeps with her, and blood from her menstruation gets on him, he will be unclean for seven days, and every bed he lies on will become unclean.⁽ⁱ⁾

"When a woman has a discharge of her blood for many days, though it is not the time of her menstruation, or if she has a discharge beyond her period, she will be unclean all the days of her unclean discharge, as she is during the days of her menstruation.

Any bed she lies on during the days of her discharge will be like her bed during menstrual impurity; any furniture she sits on will be unclean as in her menstrual period.

Everyone who touches them will be unclean; he must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will remain unclean until evening.

When she is cured of her discharge, she is to count seven days, and after that she will be clean.^(j)

On the eighth day she must take two turtledoves or two young pigeons and bring them to the priest at the entrance to the tent of meeting.

The priest is to sacrifice one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. In this way the priest will make atonement for her before the Lord because of her unclean discharge.

"You must keep the Israelites from their uncleanness, so that they do not die by defiling My tabernacle^(k) that is among them.

This is the law for someone with a discharge: a man who has an emission of semen, becoming unclean by it;

a woman who is in her menstrual period; anyone who has a discharge, whether male or female; and a man who sleeps with an unclean woman."

The Lord spoke to Moses after the death of two of Aaron's sons when they approached the presence^(a) of^[a] the Lord and died.^(b)

The Lord said to Moses: "Tell your brother Aaron that he may not come whenever he wants into the holy place^(c) behind the veil^(d) in front of the mercy seat^(e) on the ark or else he will die, because I appear in the cloud^(f) above the mercy seat.^(g)

"Aaron is to enter the most holy place^(h) in this way: with a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering.⁽ⁱ⁾

He is to wear a holy linen tunic, and linen undergarments are to be on his body. He must tie a linen sash around him and wrap his head with a linen turban.^(j) These are holy garments; he must bathe his body with water before he wears them.

He is to take from the Israelite community two male goats for a sin offering and one ram for a burnt offering.^(k)

"Aaron will present the bull for his sin offering and make atonement for himself and his household.

Next he will take the two goats and place them before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting.

After Aaron casts lots^(l) for the two goats, one lot for the Lord and the other for azazel,^[b](m)

he is to present the goat chosen by lot for the Lord and sacrifice it as a sin offering.⁽ⁿ⁾

But the goat chosen by lot for azazel^[c] is to be presented alive before the Lord to make purification with it by sending it into the wilderness^(o) for azazel.

"When Aaron presents the bull for his sin offering and makes atonement for himself and his household, he will slaughter the bull for his sin offering.

Then he must take a firepan full of fiery coals from the altar before the Lord and two handfuls of finely ground fragrant incense,^(p) and bring them inside the veil.^(q)

He is to put the incense on the fire before the Lord , so that the cloud^(r) of incense covers the mercy seat that is over the testimony,^(s) or else he will die.^(t)

He is to take some of the bull's blood^(u) and sprinkle it with his finger against the east side of the mercy seat; then he will sprinkle some of the blood with his finger before the mercy seat seven times.^(v)

"When he slaughters the male goat for the people's sin offering and brings its blood inside the veil, he must do the same with its blood as he did with the bull's blood: he is to sprinkle it against the mercy seat and in front of it.

He will purify the most holy place in this way for all their sins because of the Israelites' impurities and rebellious acts.^(w) He will do the same for the tent of meeting that remains among them, because it is surrounded by their impurities.

No one may be in the tent of meeting from the time he enters to make atonement in the most holy place until he leaves after he has made atonement for himself, his household, and the whole assembly of Israel.^(x)

Then he will go out to the altar that is before the Lord and make atonement for it. He is to take some of the bull's blood and some of the goat's blood and put it on the horns on all sides of the altar.

He is to sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times to cleanse and set it apart^(y) from the Israelites' impurities.^(z)

"When he has finished purifying the most holy place, the tent of meeting, and the altar, he is to present the live male goat.

Aaron will lay both his hands on the head of the live goat and confess^(aa) over it all the Israelites' wrongdoings^(ab) and rebellious acts—all their sins.^(ac) He is to put them on the goat's head and send it away into the wilderness^(ad) by the man appointed for the task.^[d]

The goat will carry on it all their wrongdoings into a desolate land,^(ae) and he will release it there.

"Then Aaron is to enter the tent of meeting, take off the linen garments^(af) he wore when he entered the most holy place, and leave them there.

He will bathe his body with water in a holy place^(ag) and put on his clothes.^(ah) Then he must go out and sacrifice his burnt offering and the people's burnt offering; he will make atonement for himself and for the people.

He is to burn the fat of the sin offering on the altar.

The man who released the goat for azazel^[e] is to wash his clothes and bathe his body with water; afterward he may reenter the camp.

The bull for the sin offering and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought into the most holy place to make atonement, must be brought outside the camp^(ai) and their hide,^(aj) flesh, and dung burned up.^(ak)

The one who burns them is to wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may reenter the camp.

"This is to be a permanent statute^(al) for you: In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month you are to practice self-denial^[f](am) and do no work,^(an) both the native and the foreigner^(ao) who resides among you.

Atonement will be made for you on this day to cleanse you,^(ap) and you will be clean from all your sins before the Lord .

It is a Sabbath^(aq) of complete rest for you,^(ar) and you must practice self-denial; it is a permanent statute.

The priest who is anointed and ordained^[g](as) to serve as high priest^(at) in place of his father will make atonement. He will put on the linen garments, the holy garments,

and purify the most holy place. He will purify the tent of meeting and the altar and will make atonement for the priests and all the people of the assembly.

This is to be a permanent statute for you, to make atonement for the Israelites once a year^(au) because of all their sins." And all this was done as the Lord commanded Moses.