Study Desk

Cleansing From Defiling Skin Diseases

The Lord said to Moses,

"These are the regulations for any diseased person at the time of their ceremonial cleansing, when they are brought to the priest:^(a)

The priest is to go outside the camp and examine them.^(b) If they have been healed of their defiling skin disease,^[a](c)

the priest shall order that two live clean birds and some cedar wood, scarlet yarn and hyssop^(d) be brought for the person to be cleansed.^(e)

Then the priest shall order that one of the birds be killed over fresh water in a clay pot.^(f)

He is then to take the live bird and dip it, together with the cedar wood, the scarlet yarn and the hyssop, into the blood of the bird that was killed over the fresh water.^(g)

Seven times^(h) he shall sprinkle⁽ⁱ⁾ the one to be cleansed of the defiling disease, and then pronounce them clean. After that, he is to release the live bird in the open fields.^(j)

"The person to be cleansed must wash their clothes,^(k) shave off all their hair and bathe with water;^(l) then they will be ceremonially clean.^(m) After this they may come into the camp,⁽ⁿ⁾ but they must stay outside their tent for seven days.

On the seventh day^(o) they must shave off all their hair;^(p) they must shave their head, their beard, their eyebrows and the rest of their hair. They must wash their clothes and bathe themselves with water, and they will be clean.^(q)

"On the eighth day^(r) they must bring two male lambs and one ewe lamb^(s) a year old, each without defect, along with three-tenths of an ephah^[b](t) of the finest flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering,^(u) and one log^[c] of oil.^(v)

The priest who pronounces them clean shall present^(w) both the one to be cleansed and their offerings before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting.^(x)

"Then the priest is to take one of the male lambs and offer it as a guilt offering,^(y) along with the log of oil; he shall wave them before the Lord as a wave offering.^(z)

He is to slaughter the lamb in the sanctuary area^(aa) where the sin offering^[d] and the burnt offering are slaughtered. Like the sin offering, the guilt offering belongs to the priest;^(ab) it is most holy.

The priest is to take some of the blood of the guilt offering and put it on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot.^(ac)

The priest shall then take some of the log of oil, pour it in the palm of his own left hand,^(ad)

dip his right forefinger into the oil in his palm, and with his finger sprinkle some of it before the Lord seven times.^(ae)

The priest is to put some of the oil remaining in his palm on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot, on top of the blood of the guilt offering.^(af)

The rest of the oil in his palm the priest shall put on the head of the one to be cleansed^(ag) and make atonement for them before the Lord .

"Then the priest is to sacrifice the sin offering and make atonement for the one to be cleansed from their uncleanness.^(ah) After that, the priest shall slaughter the burnt offering

and offer it on the altar, together with the grain offering, and make atonement for them,^(ai) and they will be clean.^(aj)

"If, however, they are poor^(ak) and cannot afford these,^(al) they must take one male lamb as a guilt offering to be waved to make atonement for them, together with a tenth of an ephah^[e] of the finest flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering, a log of oil,

and two doves or two young pigeons,^(am) such as they can afford, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.^(an)

"On the eighth day they must bring them for their cleansing to the priest at the entrance to the tent of meeting,^(ao) before the Lord .^(ap)

The priest is to take the lamb for the guilt offering,^(aq) together with the log of oil,^(ar) and wave them before the Lord as a wave offering.^(as)

He shall slaughter the lamb for the guilt offering and take some of its blood and put it on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot.^(at)

The priest is to pour some of the oil into the palm of his own left hand,^(au)

and with his right forefinger sprinkle some of the oil from his palm seven times before the Lord .

Some of the oil in his palm he is to put on the same places he put the blood of the guilt offering—on the lobe of the right ear of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of their right hand and on the big toe of their right foot.

The rest of the oil in his palm the priest shall put on the head of the one to be cleansed, to make atonement for them before the Lord .^(av)

Then he shall sacrifice the doves or the young pigeons, such as the person can afford,^(aw)

one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering,^(ax) together with the grain offering. In this way the priest will make atonement before the Lord on behalf of the one to be cleansed.^(ay)"

These are the regulations for anyone who has a defiling skin disease^(az) and who cannot afford the regular offerings^(ba) for their cleansing.

The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,

"When you enter the land of Canaan,^(bb) which I am giving you as your possession,^(bc) and I put a spreading mold in a house in that land,

the owner of the house must go and tell the priest, ‘I have seen something that looks like a defiling mold in my house.'

The priest is to order the house to be emptied before he goes in to examine the mold, so that nothing in the house will be pronounced unclean. After this the priest is to go in and inspect the house.

He is to examine the mold on the walls, and if it has greenish or reddish^(bd) depressions that appear to be deeper than the surface of the wall,

the priest shall go out the doorway of the house and close it up for seven days.^(be)

On the seventh day^(bf) the priest shall return to inspect the house. If the mold has spread on the walls,

he is to order that the contaminated stones be torn out and thrown into an unclean place outside the town.^(bg)

He must have all the inside walls of the house scraped and the material that is scraped off dumped into an unclean place outside the town.

Then they are to take other stones to replace these and take new clay and plaster the house.

"If the defiling mold reappears in the house after the stones have been torn out and the house scraped and plastered,

the priest is to go and examine it and, if the mold has spread in the house, it is a persistent defiling mold; the house is unclean.^(bh)

It must be torn down—its stones, timbers and all the plaster—and taken out of the town to an unclean place.

"Anyone who goes into the house while it is closed up will be unclean till evening.^(bi)

Anyone who sleeps or eats in the house must wash their clothes.^(bj)

"But if the priest comes to examine it and the mold has not spread after the house has been plastered, he shall pronounce the house clean,^(bk) because the defiling mold is gone.

To purify the house he is to take two birds and some cedar wood, scarlet yarn and hyssop.^(bl)

He shall kill one of the birds over fresh water in a clay pot.^(bm)

Then he is to take the cedar wood, the hyssop,^(bn) the scarlet yarn and the live bird, dip them into the blood of the dead bird and the fresh water, and sprinkle the house seven times.^(bo)

He shall purify the house with the bird's blood, the fresh water, the live bird, the cedar wood, the hyssop and the scarlet yarn.

Then he is to release the live bird in the open fields^(bp) outside the town. In this way he will make atonement for the house, and it will be clean.^(bq)"

These are the regulations for any defiling skin disease,^(br) for a sore,

for defiling molds^(bs) in fabric or in a house,

and for a swelling, a rash or a shiny spot,^(bt)

to determine when something is clean or unclean. These are the regulations for defiling skin diseases and defiling molds.^(bu)

Discharges Causing Uncleanness

The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,

"Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When any man has an unusual bodily discharge,^(a) such a discharge is unclean.

Whether it continues flowing from his body or is blocked, it will make him unclean. This is how his discharge will bring about uncleanness:

"‘Any bed the man with a discharge lies on will be unclean, and anything he sits on will be unclean.

Anyone who touches his bed must wash their clothes^(b) and bathe with water,^(c) and they will be unclean till evening.^(d)

Whoever sits on anything that the man with a discharge sat on must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

"‘Whoever touches the man^(e) who has a discharge^(f) must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

"‘If the man with the discharge spits^(g) on anyone who is clean, they must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

"‘Everything the man sits on when riding will be unclean,

and whoever touches any of the things that were under him will be unclean till evening; whoever picks up those things^(h) must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

"‘Anyone the man with a discharge touches without rinsing his hands with water must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

"‘A clay pot⁽ⁱ⁾ that the man touches must be broken, and any wooden article^(j) is to be rinsed with water.

"‘When a man is cleansed from his discharge, he is to count off seven days^(k) for his ceremonial cleansing; he must wash his clothes and bathe himself with fresh water, and he will be clean.^(l)

On the eighth day he must take two doves or two young pigeons^(m) and come before the Lord to the entrance to the tent of meeting and give them to the priest.

The priest is to sacrifice them, the one for a sin offering^[a](n) and the other for a burnt offering.^(o) In this way he will make atonement before the Lord for the man because of his discharge.^(p)

"‘When a man has an emission of semen,^(q) he must bathe his whole body with water, and he will be unclean till evening.^(r)

Any clothing or leather that has semen on it must be washed with water, and it will be unclean till evening.

When a man has sexual relations with a woman and there is an emission of semen,^(s) both of them must bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

"‘When a woman has her regular flow of blood, the impurity of her monthly period^(t) will last seven days, and anyone who touches her will be unclean till evening.

"‘Anything she lies on during her period will be unclean, and anything she sits on will be unclean.

Anyone who touches her bed will be unclean; they must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.^(u)

Anyone who touches anything she sits on will be unclean; they must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

Whether it is the bed or anything she was sitting on, when anyone touches it, they will be unclean till evening.

"‘If a man has sexual relations with her and her monthly flow^(v) touches him, he will be unclean for seven days; any bed he lies on will be unclean.

"‘When a woman has a discharge of blood for many days at a time other than her monthly period^(w) or has a discharge that continues beyond her period, she will be unclean as long as she has the discharge, just as in the days of her period.

Any bed she lies on while her discharge continues will be unclean, as is her bed during her monthly period, and anything she sits on will be unclean, as during her period.

Anyone who touches them will be unclean; they must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

"‘When she is cleansed from her discharge, she must count off seven days, and after that she will be ceremonially clean.

On the eighth day she must take two doves or two young pigeons^(x) and bring them to the priest at the entrance to the tent of meeting.

The priest is to sacrifice one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. In this way he will make atonement for her before the Lord for the uncleanness of her discharge.^(y)

"‘You must keep the Israelites separate from things that make them unclean, so they will not die in their uncleanness for defiling my dwelling place,^[b](z) which is among them.'"

These are the regulations for a man with a discharge, for anyone made unclean by an emission of semen,^(aa)

for a woman in her monthly period, for a man or a woman with a discharge, and for a man who has sexual relations with a woman who is ceremonially unclean.^(ab)