Study Desk

On that day the Lord with His harsh, great, and strong sword, will bring judgment on Leviathan,^(a) the fleeing serpent—Leviathan, the twisting serpent. He will slay the monster that is in the sea.^(b)

On that day sing about a desirable vineyard:^(c)

I, Yahweh, watch over it; I water it regularly. I guard it night and day so that no one disturbs it.

I am not angry, but if it produces thorns and briers^(d) for Me, I will fight against it, trample it, and burn it to the ground.

Or let it take hold of My strength; let it make peace with Me— make peace with Me.

In days to come, Jacob will take root.^(e) Israel will blossom and bloom^(f) and fill the whole world with fruit.

Did the Lord strike Israel as He struck the one who struck Israel?^(g) Was he killed like those killed by Him?

You disputed with her by banishing and driving her away.^[a] He removed her with His severe storm on the day of the east wind.

Therefore Jacob's iniquity^(h) will be purged in this way, and the result of the removal of his sin will be this:⁽ⁱ⁾ when he makes all the altar stones like crushed bits of chalk, no Asherah poles or incense altars will remain standing.

For the fortified city will be deserted, pastures abandoned and forsaken like a wilderness. Calves will graze there, and there they will spread out and strip its branches.

When its branches dry out, they will be broken off. Women will come and make fires with them, for they are not a people with understanding.^(j) Therefore their Maker^(k) will not have compassion on them, and their Creator will not be gracious to them.

On that day^(l) the Lord will thresh grain from the Euphrates River as far as the Wadi of Egypt,^(m) and you Israelites will be gathered one by one.

On that day a great trumpet⁽ⁿ⁾ will be blown, and those lost in the land of Assyria will come, as well as those dispersed in the land of Egypt; and they will worship the Lord at Jerusalem on the holy mountain.

Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim's drunkards,^(a) and to the fading flower of its beautiful splendor, which is on the summit above the rich valley. Woe to those overcome with wine.

Look, the Lord has a strong and mighty one^(b)— like a devastating hail storm, like a storm with strong flooding waters. He will bring it across the land with His hand.

The majestic crown of Ephraim's drunkards will be trampled underfoot.

The fading flower of his beautiful splendor, which is on the summit above the rich valley, will be like a ripe fig before the summer harvest.^(c) Whoever sees it will swallow it while it is still in his hand.

On that day the Lord of Hosts will become a crown of beauty and a diadem of splendor^(d) to the remnant of His people,

a spirit of justice to the one who sits in judgment,^(e) and strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.

These also stagger because of wine and stumble under the influence of beer: priest and prophet stagger because of beer, they are confused by wine.^(f) They stumble because of beer, they are muddled in their visions, they stumble in their judgments.

Indeed, all their tables are covered with vomit; there is no place without a stench.

Who is he^[a] trying to teach? Who is he^[b] trying to instruct? Infants^[c] just weaned from milk? Babies^[d] removed from the breast?

For he says: "Law after law, law after law, line after line, line after line, a little here, a little there."^[e][f]

So He will speak to this people with stammering speech and in a foreign language.^(g)

He had said to them: "This is the place of rest, let the weary rest;^(h) this is the place of repose." But they would not listen.

Then the word of the Lord came to them: "Law after law, law after law, line after line, line after line, a little here, a little there,"^[g][h] so they go stumbling backward, to be broken, trapped, and captured.⁽ⁱ⁾

Therefore hear the word of the Lord ,^(j) you mockers^(k) who rule this people in Jerusalem.

For you said, "We have cut a deal with Death, and we have made an agreement with Sheol; when the overwhelming scourge passes through,^(l) it will not touch us, because we have made falsehood our refuge and have hidden behind treachery."

Therefore the Lord God said: "Look, I have laid a stone^(m) in Zion, a tested stone, a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation;⁽ⁿ⁾ the one who believes will be unshakable.^[i](o)

And I will make justice the measuring line and righteousness the mason's level."^(p) Hail will sweep away the false refuge, and water will flood your hiding place.

Your deal with Death will be dissolved, and your agreement with Sheol will not last. When the overwhelming scourge passes through, you will be trampled.

Every time it passes through, it will carry you away; it will pass through every morning— every day and every night. Only terror^(q) will cause you to understand the message.^[j]

Indeed, the bed is too short to stretch out on, and its cover too small to wrap up in.

For the Lord will rise up as He did at Mount Perazim.^(r) He will rise in wrath, as at the Valley of Gibeon,^(s) to do His work, His strange work, and to perform His task, His disturbing task.

So now, do not mock, or your shackles will become stronger. Indeed, I have heard from the Lord God of Hosts a decree of destruction for the whole land.^(t)

Listen and hear my voice. Pay attention and hear what I say.

Does the plowman plow every day to plant seed? Does he continuously break up and cultivate the soil?

When he has leveled its surface, does he not then scatter black cumin and sow cumin? He plants wheat in rows and barley in plots, with spelt as their border.

His God teaches him order; He instructs him.

Certainly black cumin is not threshed with a threshing board, and a cart wheel is not rolled over the cumin. But black cumin is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod.

Bread grain is crushed, but is not threshed endlessly. Though the wheel of the farmer's cart rumbles, his horses do not crush it.

This also comes from the Lord of Hosts. He gives wonderful advice; He gives great wisdom.^(u)