Study Desk

When Mordecai learned all that had occurred,^(a) he tore his clothes,^(b) put on sackcloth and ashes,^(c) went into the middle of the city, and cried loudly and bitterly.^(d)

He only went as far as the King's Gate,^(e) since the law prohibited anyone wearing sackcloth from entering the King's Gate.

There was great mourning among the Jewish people in every province where the king's command and edict^(f) came. They fasted, wept, and lamented, and many lay on sackcloth and ashes.^(g)

Esther's female servants and her eunuchs came and reported the news to her, and the queen was overcome with fear.^(h) She sent clothes for Mordecai to wear so he could take off his sackcloth, but he did not accept them.

Esther summoned Hathach, one of the king's eunuchs assigned to her, and dispatched him to Mordecai to learn what he was doing and why.^[a]

So Hathach went out to Mordecai in the city square in front of the King's Gate.

Mordecai told him everything that had happened as well as the exact amount of money Haman had promised to pay the royal treasury for the slaughter of the Jews.⁽ⁱ⁾

Mordecai also gave him a copy of the written decree issued in Susa ordering their destruction, so that Hathach might show it to Esther, explain it to her, and command her to approach the king, implore his favor, and plead with him personally for her people.^(j)

Hathach came and repeated Mordecai's response to Esther.

Esther spoke to Hathach and commanded him to tell Mordecai,

"All the royal officials and the people of the royal provinces know that one law applies to every man or woman who approaches the king in the inner courtyard^(k) and who has not been summoned—the death penalty.^(l) Only if the king extends the gold scepter will that person live.^(m) I have not been summoned to appear before the king⁽ⁿ⁾ for the last^[b] 30 days."

Esther's response was reported to Mordecai.

Mordecai told the messenger to reply to Esther, "Don't think that you will escape the fate of all the Jews because you are in the king's palace.

If you keep silent at this time, liberation and deliverance will come to the Jewish people from another place,^(o) but you and your father's house will be destroyed. Who knows, perhaps you have come to your royal position for such a time as this."^(p)

Esther sent this reply to Mordecai:

"Go and assemble all the Jews who can be found in Susa and fast for me. Don't eat or drink for three days,^(q) day or night. I and my female servants will also fast^(r) in the same way. After that, I will go to the king even if it is against the law.^(s) If I perish, I perish."^(t)

So Mordecai went and did everything Esther had ordered him.

On the third day,^(a) Esther dressed up in her royal clothing and stood in the inner courtyard^(b) of the palace facing it. The king was sitting on his royal throne in the royal courtroom, facing its entrance.

As soon as the king saw Queen Esther standing in the courtyard, she won his approval.^[a] The king extended the gold scepter in his hand toward Esther, and she approached and touched the tip of the scepter.^(c)

"What is it, Queen Esther?" the king asked her. "Whatever you want, even to half the kingdom, will be given to you."^(d)

"If it pleases the king," Esther replied, "may the king and Haman come today to the banquet^(e) I have prepared for them."

The king commanded, "Hurry, and get Haman so we can do as Esther has requested." So the king and Haman went to the banquet Esther had prepared.

While drinking the^[b] wine,^(f) the king asked Esther, "Whatever you ask will be given to you. Whatever you want, even to half the kingdom, will be done."

Esther answered, "This is my petition and my request:

If the king approves of me^[c] and if it pleases the king to grant my petition and perform my request,^(g) may the king and Haman come to the banquet I will prepare for them.^(h) Tomorrow I will do what the king has asked."

That day Haman left full of joy and in good spirits.^[d](i) But when Haman saw Mordecai at the King's Gate, and Mordecai didn't rise or tremble in fear at his presence, Haman was filled with rage toward Mordecai.^(j)

Yet Haman controlled himself and went home. He sent for his friends and his wife Zeresh^(k) to join him.

Then Haman described for them his glorious wealth and his many sons. He told them all how the king had honored him and promoted him in rank over the other officials and the royal staff.^(l)

"What's more," Haman added, "Queen Esther invited no one but me to join the king at the banquet she had prepared. I am invited again tomorrow to join her with the king.

Still, none of this satisfies me since I see Mordecai the Jew sitting at the King's Gate all the time."

His wife Zeresh and all his friends told him, "Have them build a gallows 75 feet^[e] high.^(m) Ask the king in the morning to hang Mordecai on it. Then go to the banquet with the king and enjoy yourself." The advice pleased Haman, so he had the gallows constructed.⁽ⁿ⁾

That night sleep escaped^(a) the king, so he ordered the book recording daily events to be brought and read to the king.

They found the written report of how Mordecai had informed on Bigthana and Teresh, two eunuchs who guarded the king's entrance, when they planned to assassinate King Ahasuerus.^(b)

The king inquired, "What honor and special recognition have been given to Mordecai for this act?"^(c) The king's personal attendants replied, "Nothing has been done for him."

The king asked, "Who is in the court?" Now Haman was just entering the outer court of the palace to ask the king to hang Mordecai on the gallows he had prepared for him.^(d)

The king's attendants answered him, "Haman is there, standing in the court." "Have him enter," the king ordered.

Haman entered, and the king asked him, "What should be done for the man the king wants to honor?"^(e) Haman thought to himself, "Who is it the king would want to honor more than me?"

Haman told the king, "For the man the king wants to honor:

Have them bring a royal garment that the king himself has worn^(f) and a horse the king himself has ridden,^(g) which has a royal diadem on its head.

Put the garment and the horse under the charge of one of the king's most noble officials.^(h) Have them clothe the man the king wants to honor, parade him on the horse through the city square, and proclaim before him, ‘This is what is done for the man the king wants to honor.'"

The king told Haman, "Hurry, and do just as you proposed. Take a garment and a horse for Mordecai the Jew,⁽ⁱ⁾ who is sitting at the King's Gate. Do not leave out anything you have suggested."

So Haman took the garment and the horse. He clothed Mordecai and paraded him through the city square, crying out before him, "This is what is done for the man the king wants to honor."

Then Mordecai returned to the King's Gate,^(j) but Haman, overwhelmed,^[a] hurried off for home with his head covered.^(k)

Haman told his wife Zeresh and all his friends^(l) everything that had happened. His advisers and his wife Zeresh said to him, "Since Mordecai is Jewish, and you have begun to fall before him, you won't overcome him, because your downfall is certain."^(m)

While they were still speaking with him, the eunuchs of the king⁽ⁿ⁾ arrived and rushed Haman to the banquet Esther had prepared.^(o)