Study Desk

In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon, Daniel had a dream with visions in his mind^(a) as he was lying in his bed. He wrote down the dream,^(b) and here is the summary^[a] of his account.

Daniel said, "In my vision at night I was watching, and suddenly the four winds of heaven^(c) stirred up the great sea.

Four huge beasts^(d) came up from the sea,^(e) each different from the other.

"The first was like a lion^(f) but had eagle's wings. I continued watching until its wings were torn off. It was lifted up from the ground, set on its feet like a man, and given a human mind.

"Suddenly, another beast appeared, a second one, that looked like a bear.^(g) It was raised up on one side, with three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. It was told, ‘Get up! Gorge yourself on flesh.'

"While I was watching, another beast appeared. It was like a leopard^(h) with four wings of a bird on its back. It had four heads⁽ⁱ⁾ and was given authority to rule.

"While I was watching in the night visions, a fourth beast^(j) appeared, frightening and dreadful, and incredibly strong, with large iron teeth. It devoured and crushed, and it trampled with its feet whatever was left. It was different from all the beasts before it, and it had 10 horns.^(k)

"While I was considering the horns, suddenly another horn,^(l) a little one, came up among them, and three of the first horns were uprooted before it. There were eyes in this horn like a man's, and it had a mouth that spoke arrogantly.^(m)

"As I kept watching, thrones were set in place,⁽ⁿ⁾ and the Ancient of Days took His seat. His clothing was white like snow,^(o) and the hair of His head like whitest wool.^(p) His throne was flaming fire;^(q) its wheels were blazing fire.^(r)

A river of fire was flowing, coming out from His presence. Thousands upon thousands^(s) served Him; ten thousand times ten thousand^(t) stood before Him. The court was convened,^(u) and the books were opened.^(v)

"I watched, then, because of the sound of the arrogant words the horn was speaking. As I continued watching, the beast was killed and its body destroyed and given over to the burning fire.^(w)

As for the rest of the beasts, their authority to rule was removed, but an extension of life was granted to them for a certain period of time.^(x)

I continued watching in the night visions, and I saw One like a son of man^(y) coming with the clouds of heaven.^(z) He approached the Ancient of Days and was escorted before Him.

He was given authority to rule,^(aa) and glory, and a kingdom; so that those of every people, nation, and language^(ab) should serve^(ac) Him. His dominion is an everlasting^(ad) dominion that will not pass away, and His kingdom is one that will not be destroyed.

"As for me, Daniel, my spirit was deeply distressed within me,^[b] and the visions in my mind terrified me.^(ae)

I approached one of those who were standing by and asked him^(af) the true meaning of all this. So he let me know the interpretation of these things:^(ag)

‘These huge beasts, four in number, are four kings who will rise from the earth.

But the holy ones of the Most High will receive the kingdom and possess it forever, yes, forever and ever.'^(ah)

"Then I wanted to know the true meaning of the fourth beast,^(ai) the one different from all the others, extremely terrifying, with iron teeth and bronze claws, devouring, crushing, and trampling with its feet whatever was left.

I also wanted to know about the 10 horns^(aj) on its head and about the other horn that came up, before which three fell—the horn that had eyes, and a mouth that spoke arrogantly,^(ak) and that was more visible than the others.

As I was watching, this horn waged war^(al) against the holy ones and was prevailing over them

until the Ancient of Days arrived and a judgment^(am) was given in favor of the holy ones of the Most High, for the time had come, and the holy ones took possession of the kingdom.

"This is what he said: ‘The fourth beast will be a fourth kingdom on the earth, different from all the other kingdoms. It will devour the whole earth, trample it down, and crush it.

The 10 horns^(an) are 10 kings who will rise from this kingdom. Another, different from the previous ones, will rise after them and subdue three kings.

He will speak words against the Most High^(ao) and oppress^[c] the holy ones^(ap) of the Most High. He will intend to change religious festivals^[d] and laws,^(aq) and the holy ones will be handed over to him for a time, times, and half a time.^[e](ar)

But the court will convene,^(as) and his dominion will be taken away, to be completely destroyed forever.^(at)

The kingdom, dominion, and greatness of the kingdoms under all of heaven will be given to the people, the holy ones of the Most High. His kingdom will be an everlasting kingdom,^(au) and all rulers will serve and obey Him.'

"This is the end of the interpretation. As for me, Daniel, my thoughts terrified me greatly,^(av) and my face turned pale,^[f] but I kept the matter to myself."^(aw)

In the third year of King Belshazzar's^(a) reign, a vision appeared to me, Daniel, after the one that had appeared to me earlier.^(b)

I saw the vision, and as I watched, I was in the fortress city of Susa,^(c) in the province of Elam.^(d) I saw in the vision that I was beside the Ulai Canal.

I looked up,^[a] and there was a ram^(e) standing beside the canal. He had two horns. The two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one came up last.

I saw the ram charging to the west, the north, and the south.^(f) No animal could stand against him, and there was no rescue from his power. He did whatever he wanted^(g) and became great.

As I was observing, a male goat appeared, coming from the west across the surface of the entire earth without touching the ground. The goat had a conspicuous horn^[b] between his eyes.^(h)

He came toward the two-horned ram I had seen standing beside the canal and rushed at him with savage fury.

I saw him approaching the ram, and infuriated with him, he struck the ram, shattering his two horns, and the ram was not strong enough to stand against him. The goat threw him to the ground and trampled him, and there was no one to rescue the ram from his power.

Then the male goat became very great,⁽ⁱ⁾ but when he became powerful, the large horn was shattered.^(j) Four conspicuous horns came up in its place, pointing toward the four winds of heaven.^(k)

From one of them a little horn^(l) emerged and grew extensively toward the south and the east and toward the beautiful land.^[c](m)

It grew as high as the heavenly host, made some of the stars and some of the host fall to the earth,⁽ⁿ⁾ and trampled them.^(o)

It made itself great,^(p) even up to the Prince of the host;^(q) it removed His daily sacrifice^(r) and overthrew the place of His sanctuary.

Because of rebellion, a host, together with the daily sacrifice, will be given over. The horn will throw truth to the ground and will be successful^(s) in whatever it does.

Then I heard a holy one speaking,^(t) and another holy one said to the speaker, "How long will the events of this vision last^(u)—the daily sacrifice, the rebellion that makes desolate, and the giving over of the sanctuary and of the host to be trampled?"^(v)

He said to me,^[d] "For 2,300 evenings and mornings; then the sanctuary will be restored."

While I, Daniel, was watching the vision and trying to understand it, there stood before me someone who appeared to be a man.^(w)

I heard a human voice calling from the middle of the Ulai: "Gabriel,^(x) explain the vision to this man."

So he approached where I was standing; when he came near, I was terrified and fell facedown.^(y) "Son of man," he said to me, "understand that the vision refers to the time of the end."^(z)

While he was speaking to me, I fell into a deep sleep,^(aa) with my face to the ground. Then he touched me, made me stand up,^(ab)

and said, "I am here to tell you what will happen at the conclusion of the time of wrath, because it refers to the appointed time of the end.^(ac)

The two-horned ram^(ad) that you saw represents the kings of Media and Persia.

The shaggy goat represents the king of Greece, and the large horn between his eyes represents the first king.^[e]

The four horns that took the place of the shattered horn represent four kingdoms. They will rise from that nation, but without its power.

Near the end of their kingdoms, when the rebels have reached the full measure of their sin,^[f] an insolent king, skilled in intrigue,^[g] will come to the throne.

His power will be great, but it will not be his own. He will cause terrible destruction^(ae) and succeed in whatever he does. He will destroy the powerful along with the holy people.^(af)

He will cause deceit to prosper through his cunning and by his influence, and in his own mind he will make himself great. He will destroy many in a time of peace; he will even stand against the Prince of princes. Yet he will be shattered—not by human hands.^(ag)

The vision of the evenings and the mornings that has been told is true. Now you must seal up the vision^(ah) because it refers to many days in the future."

I, Daniel, was overcome and lay sick for days.^(ai) Then I got up and went about the king's business.^(aj) I was greatly disturbed by the vision and could not understand it.