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After these faithful deeds, Sennacherib king of Assyria came and entered Judah. He laid siege to the fortified cities and intended^[a] to break into them.^(a)

Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come and that he planned^[b] war on Jerusalem,

so he consulted with his officials and his warriors about stopping up the waters of the springs that were outside the city, and they helped him.

Many people gathered and stopped up all the springs^(b) and the stream that flowed through the land;^(c) they said, "Why should the kings of Assyria come and find plenty of water?"

Then Hezekiah strengthened his position by rebuilding the entire broken-down wall^(d) and heightening the towers and the other outside wall.^(e) He repaired the supporting terraces^(f) of the city of David, and made an abundance of weapons and shields.

He set military commanders over the people and gathered the people in the square of the city gate. Then he encouraged them,^[c](g) saying,

"Be strong and courageous!^(h) Don't be afraid or discouraged before the king of Assyria or before the large army that is with him, for there are more with us than with him.⁽ⁱ⁾

He has only human strength,^[d] but we have Yahweh our God to help us and to fight our battles."^(j) So the people relied on the words of King Hezekiah of Judah.

After this,^(k) while Sennacherib king of Assyria with all his armed forces besieged^[e] Lachish, he sent his servants to Jerusalem against King Hezekiah of Judah and against all those of Judah who were in Jerusalem, saying,

"This is what King Sennacherib of Assyria says: ‘What are you relying on that you remain in Jerusalem under siege?

Isn't Hezekiah misleading you to give you over to death by famine and thirst when he says, "Yahweh our God will deliver us from the power of the king of Assyria"?

Didn't Hezekiah himself remove His high places and His altars^(l) and say to Judah and Jerusalem, "You must worship before one altar, and you must burn incense on it"?

"‘Don't you know^(m) what I and my fathers have done to all the peoples of the lands? Have any of the national gods of the lands been able to deliver their land from my power?

Who among all the gods of these nations that my predecessors completely destroyed was able to deliver his people from my power, that your God should be able to do the same for you?⁽ⁿ⁾

So now,^(o) don't let Hezekiah deceive you, and don't let him mislead you like this. Don't believe him, for no god of any nation or kingdom has been able to deliver his people from my power or the power of my fathers. How much less will your God deliver you from my power!'"

His servants said more against the Lord God and against His servant Hezekiah.

He also wrote letters to mock Yahweh, the God of Israel, saying against Him: Just like the national gods of the lands that did not deliver their people from my power, so Hezekiah's God will not deliver His people from my power.^(p)

Then they called out loudly in Hebrew^[f] to the people of Jerusalem, who were on the wall, to frighten and discourage them in order that he might capture the city.

They spoke against the God of Jerusalem like they had spoken against the gods of the peoples of the earth, which were made by human hands.

King Hezekiah and the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz prayed about this and cried out to heaven,^(q)

and the Lord sent an angel who annihilated every brave warrior, leader, and commander in the camp of the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria returned in disgrace to his land. He went to the temple of his god, and there some of his own children struck him down with the sword.^(r)

So the Lord saved Hezekiah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem from the power of King Sennacherib of Assyria and from the power of all others. He gave them rest^[g](s) on every side.

Many were bringing an offering to the Lord to Jerusalem and valuable gifts to King Hezekiah of Judah, and he was exalted in the eyes of all the nations after that.^(t)

In those days Hezekiah became sick to the point of death, so he prayed to the Lord , and He spoke to him and gave him a miraculous sign.^(u)

However, because his heart was proud,^(v) Hezekiah didn't respond according to the benefit that had come to him. So there was wrath on him, Judah, and Jerusalem.^(w)

Then Hezekiah humbled himself for the pride of his heart—he and the inhabitants of Jerusalem—so the Lord 's wrath didn't come^(x) on them during Hezekiah's lifetime.^(y)

Hezekiah had abundant riches and glory, and he made himself treasuries for silver, gold, precious stones, spices, shields, and every desirable item.

He made warehouses for the harvest of grain, new wine, and oil, and stalls for all kinds of cattle, and pens for flocks.

He made cities for himself, and he acquired herds of sheep and cattle in abundance, for God gave him abundant possessions.

This same Hezekiah blocked the outlet of the water of the Upper Gihon^(z) and channeled it smoothly downward and westward to the city of David.^(aa) Hezekiah succeeded in everything he did.

When the ambassadors of Babylon's rulers^(ab) were sent^[h] to him to inquire about the miraculous sign^(ac) that happened in the land, God left him to test him and discover what was in his heart.^(ad)

As for the rest of the events^(ae) of Hezekiah's reign and his deeds of faithful love, note that they are written in the Visions of the Prophet Isaiah son of Amoz,^(af) and in the Book of the Kings of Judah and Israel.^(ag)

Hezekiah rested with his fathers and was buried on the ascent to the tombs of David's descendants. All Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem paid him honor at his death. His son Manasseh became king in his place.

Manasseh was 12 years old^(a) when he became king and reigned 55 years in Jerusalem.

He did what was evil in the Lord 's sight, imitating the detestable practices of the nations that the Lord had dispossessed before the Israelites.^(b)

He rebuilt the high places that his father Hezekiah had torn down^(c) and reestablished the altars for the Baals. He made Asherah poles, and he worshiped the whole heavenly host and served them.

He built altars^(d) in the Lord 's temple, where Yahweh had said, "Jerusalem is where My name will remain forever."^(e)

He built altars to the whole heavenly host in both courtyards^(f) of the Lord 's temple.

He passed his sons through the fire in the Valley of Hinnom.^(g) He practiced witchcraft, divination, and sorcery, and consulted mediums and spiritists.^(h) He did a great deal of evil in the Lord 's sight, provoking Him.

Manasseh⁽ⁱ⁾ set up a carved image of the idol he had made, in God's temple,^(j) about which God had said to David and his son Solomon, "I will establish My name forever^[a](k) in this temple and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel.^(l)

I will never again remove the feet of the Israelites from the land where I stationed your^[b](m) ancestors,⁽ⁿ⁾ if only they will be careful to do all that I have commanded them through Moses—all the law, statutes, and judgments."

So Manasseh caused Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem to stray so that they did worse evil than the nations the Lord had destroyed before the Israelites.

The Lord spoke to Manasseh and his people, but they didn't listen.^(o)

So He brought against them the military commanders of the king of Assyria. They captured Manasseh with hooks, bound him with bronze shackles, and took him to Babylon.^(p)

When he was in distress, he sought the favor of Yahweh his God and earnestly humbled himself^(q) before the God of his ancestors.

He prayed to Him, so He heard his petition and granted his request,^(r) and brought him back to Jerusalem, to his kingdom. So Manasseh came to know that Yahweh is God.^(s)

After this, he built the outer wall of the city of David from west of Gihon^(t) in the valley to the entrance of the Fish Gate;^(u) he brought it around the Ophel,^(v) and he heightened it considerably. He also placed military commanders in all the fortified cities of Judah.

He removed the foreign gods and the idol^(w) from the Lord 's temple, along with all the altars that he had built on the mountain of the Lord 's temple and in Jerusalem, and he threw them outside the city.

He built^[c] the altar of the Lord and offered fellowship and thank offerings on it. Then he told Judah to serve Yahweh, the God of Israel.

However, the people still sacrificed at the high places,^(x) but only to Yahweh their God.

The rest of the events^(y) of Manasseh's reign, along with his prayer^(z) to his God and the words of the seers who spoke to him in the name of Yahweh, the God of Israel, are written in the Records of Israel's Kings.

His prayer and how God granted his request, and all his sin and unfaithfulness and the sites where he built high places and set up Asherah poles and carved images before he humbled himself, they are written in the Records of Hozai.

Manasseh rested with his fathers, and he was buried in his own house. His son Amon became king in his place.

Amon was 22 years old when he became king and reigned two years in Jerusalem.

He did what was evil in the Lord 's sight just as his father Manasseh had done.^(aa) Amon sacrificed to all the carved images that his father Manasseh had made, and he served them.

But he did not humble himself before the Lord like his father Manasseh humbled himself;^(ab) instead, Amon increased his guilt.

So his servants conspired against him and put him to death^(ac) in his own house.

Then the common people^[d] executed all those who conspired against King Amon and made his son Josiah king in his place.

Josiah was eight years old^(a) when he became king and reigned 31 years in Jerusalem.

He did what was right in the Lord 's sight and walked in the ways of his ancestor David;^(b) he did not turn aside to the right or the left.

In the eighth year of his reign, while he was still a youth, Josiah began to seek the God of his ancestor David,^(c) and in the twelfth year he began to cleanse Judah and Jerusalem of the high places, the Asherah poles, the carved images,^(d) and the cast images.

Then in his presence the altars of the Baals were torn down, and he chopped down the incense altars that were above them. He shattered the Asherah poles, the carved images, and the cast images, crushed them to dust, and scattered^(e) them over the graves of those who had sacrificed to them.^(f)

He burned the bones of the priests on their altars.^(g) So he cleansed Judah and Jerusalem.

He did the same in the cities^(h) of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Simeon, and as far as Naphtali and on their surrounding mountain shrines.^[a]

He tore down the altars, and he smashed the Asherah poles and the carved images to powder. He chopped down all the incense altars throughout the land of Israel and returned to Jerusalem.⁽ⁱ⁾

In the eighteenth year of his reign,^(j) in order to cleanse the land and the temple, Josiah sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, along with Maaseiah the governor^(k) of the city and the court historian Joah son of Joahaz, to repair the temple of the Lord his God.

So they went to Hilkiah^(l) the high priest, and gave him the money brought into God's temple. The Levites and the doorkeepers had collected money from Manasseh, Ephraim,^(m) and from the entire remnant of Israel, and from all Judah, Benjamin, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

They put it into the hands of those doing the work—those who oversaw the Lord 's temple. They gave it to the workmen who were working in the Lord 's temple, to repair and restore the temple;

they gave it to the carpenters and builders and also used it to buy quarried stone and timbers—for joining and making beams—for the buildings that Judah's kings had destroyed.

The men were doing the work with integrity. Their overseers were Jahath and Obadiah, Levites from the Merarites, and Zechariah and Meshullam from the Kohathites as supervisors. The Levites were all skilled with musical instruments.⁽ⁿ⁾

They were also over the porters and were supervising all those doing the work task by task. Some of the Levites were secretaries, officers, and gatekeepers.

When they brought out the money that had been deposited in the Lord 's temple, Hilkiah the priest found the book of the law of the Lord written by the hand of Moses.^(o)

Consequently,^(p) Hilkiah told Shaphan the court secretary, "I have found the book of the law in the Lord 's temple," and he gave the book to Shaphan.

Shaphan took the book to the king, and also reported, "Your servants are doing all that was placed in their hands.

They have emptied out the money that was found in the Lord 's temple and have put it into the hand of the overseers and the hand of those doing the work."

Then Shaphan the court secretary told the king, "Hilkiah the priest gave me a book," and Shaphan read from it in the presence of the king.^(q)

When the king heard the words of the law, he tore his clothes.^(r)

Then he commanded Hilkiah, Ahikam son of Shaphan, Abdon son of Micah, Shaphan the court secretary, and the king's servant Asaiah,

"Go. Ask Yahweh for me and for those remaining in Israel and Judah, concerning the words of the book that was found. For great is the Lord 's wrath that is poured out on us^(s) because our fathers have not kept the word of the Lord in order to do everything written in this book."

So Hilkiah and those the king had designated^[b] went to the prophetess Huldah, the wife of Shallum son of Tokhath, son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe. She lived in Jerusalem in the Second District. They spoke with her about this.

She said to them, "This is what Yahweh, the God of Israel says: Say to the man who sent you to Me,

‘This is what Yahweh says: I am about to bring disaster on this place and on its inhabitants,^(t) fulfilling all the curses written in the book that they read in the presence of the king of Judah,^(u)

because they have abandoned Me^(v) and burned incense to other gods in order to provoke Me with all the works of their hands. My wrath will be poured out on this place, and it will not be quenched.'

Say this to the king of Judah who sent you to ask Yahweh, ‘This is what Yahweh, the God of Israel says: As for the words that you heard,

because^(w) your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before God when you heard His words against this place and against its inhabitants, and because you humbled yourself before Me, and you tore your clothes and wept before Me, I Myself have heard'—this is the Lord 's declaration.

‘I will indeed gather you to your fathers, and you will be gathered to your grave in peace. Your eyes will not see all the disaster that I am bringing on this place and on its inhabitants.'"^(x) Then they reported to the king.

So the king sent messengers and gathered all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.

The king went up to the Lord 's temple with all the men of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, as well as the priests and the Levites—all the people from great to small. He read in their hearing all the words of the book of the covenant that had been found in the Lord 's temple.^(y)

Then the king stood at his post^(z) and made a covenant in the Lord 's presence^(aa) to follow the Lord and to keep His commands, His decrees, and His statutes with all his heart and with all his soul^(ab) in order to carry out the words of the covenant written in this book.^(ac)

He had all those present in Jerusalem and Benjamin agree^[c] to it. So all the inhabitants of Jerusalem carried out the covenant of God, the God of their ancestors.

So Josiah removed everything that was detestable from all the lands belonging to the Israelites,^(ad) and he required all who were present in Israel to serve the Lord their God. Throughout his reign they did not turn aside from following Yahweh, the God of their ancestors.

Josiah observed the Lord 's Passover^(a) and slaughtered the Passover lambs on the fourteenth day of the first month.^(b)

He appointed the priests to their responsibilities and encouraged them to serve in the Lord 's temple.^(c)

He said to the Levites who taught all Israel^(d) the holy things of the Lord , "Put the holy ark in the temple built by Solomon son of David king of Israel. Since you do not have to carry it on your shoulders,^(e) now serve Yahweh your God and His people Israel.

"Organize your ancestral houses by your divisions^(f) according to the written instruction of David king of Israel and that of his son Solomon.^(g)

Serve in the holy place by the divisions of the ancestral houses for your brothers, the lay people,^[a] and the distribution of the tribal household of the Levites.^(h)

Slaughter the Passover lambs,⁽ⁱ⁾ consecrate yourselves,^(j) and make preparations for your brothers to carry out the word of the Lord through Moses."

Then Josiah donated 30,000 sheep, lambs, and young goats, plus 3,000 bulls from his own possessions, for the Passover sacrifices for all the lay people^[b] who were present.

His officials also donated willingly for the people, the priests, and the Levites. Hilkiah, Zechariah, and Jehiel, chief officials of God's temple, gave 2,600 Passover sacrifices and 300 bulls for the priests.

Conaniah^(k) and his brothers Shemaiah and Nethanel, and Hashabiah, Jeiel, and Jozabad, officers of the Levites, donated 5,000 Passover sacrifices for the Levites, plus 500 bulls.

So the service was established; the priests stood at their posts and the Levites in their divisions according to the king's command.^(l)

Then they slaughtered the Passover lambs, and while the Levites were skinning the animals,^(m) the priests sprinkled the blood^[c] they had been given.^[d]

They removed the burnt offerings so that they might be given to the divisions of the ancestral houses of the lay people^[e] to offer to the Lord , according to what is written in the book of Moses; they did the same with the bulls.

They roasted the Passover lambs with fire according to regulation.⁽ⁿ⁾ They boiled the holy sacrifices in pots, kettles, and bowls; and they quickly brought them to the lay people.^[f]

Afterward, they made preparations for themselves and for the priests, since the priests, the descendants of Aaron, were busy offering up burnt offerings and fat until night. So the Levites made preparations for themselves and for the priests, the descendants of Aaron.

The singers, the descendants of Asaph, were at their stations according to the command of David, Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun the king's seer.^(o) Also, the gatekeepers were at each gate.^(p) None of them left their tasks because their Levite brothers had made preparations for them.

So all the service of the Lord was established that day for observing the Passover and for offering burnt offerings on the altar of the Lord , according to the command of King Josiah.

The Israelites who were present in Judah also observed the Passover at that time and the Festival of Unleavened Bread for seven days.^(q)

No Passover had been observed^(r) like it in Israel since the days of Samuel the prophet. None of the kings of Israel ever observed a Passover like the one that Josiah observed with the priests, the Levites, all Judah, the Israelites who were present in Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

In the eighteenth year of Josiah's reign, this Passover was observed.