Lectionary Calendar

Friday, November 22nd, 2024
the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33

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Bible Lexicons

Old Testament Hebrew Lexical DictionaryHebrew Lexicon

Strong's #6253 - עַשְׁתֹּרֶת

Transliteration

ʻAshtôreth

Phonetics

ash-to'-reth

Origin

probably for (H6251)

Parts of Speech

proper feminine noun

TWOT

1718

Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs
Strong

Brown-Driver-Briggs' Definition

Ashtoreth = "star"
1. the principal female deity of the Phoenicians worshipped in war and fertility
  1. also ´Ishtar´ of Assyria and ´Astarte´ by the Greeks and Romans

Greek Equivalent Words:

Strong #: 4168 ‑ ποίμνιον (poym'‑nee‑on);

Frequency Lists

Book
Word

Verse Results

ASV (3)

1 Kings 2

2 Kings 1

BSB (3)

1 Kings 2

2 Kings 1

CSB (9)

Judges 2

1 Samuel 4

1 Kings 2

2 Kings 1

ESV (3)

1 Kings 2

2 Kings 1

KJV (3)

1 Kings 2

2 Kings 1

LEB (3)

1 Kings 2

2 Kings 1

LSB (0)

The
did not use
this Strong's Number

N95 (0)

The
did not use
this Strong's Number

NAS (0)

The
did not use
this Strong's Number

NLT (0)

The
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (3)

1 Kings 2

2 Kings 1

Brown-Driver-Briggs Expanded Definition

עַשְׁתֹּ֫רֶת proper name, of deities ±Aštœreth, < ±Ašt¹rt, ±Aštéreth (see below) (MI¹⁷ עשתר כמש; Phoenician עשתרת (+ often in proper names), proper name עבד עשתר Cook^{Acad. Jan.18,1896} Sabean proper name, of deity עתֿתר see especially Os^{ZMG xx (1866), 279f.} DHM^{ib. xxxvii (1883), 376} Fell^{Sab. Gotternamen, ZMG liv (1900), 231ff., especially 237 ff.}; Assyrian Ištar; Old Aramaic, Palmyrene עתר (= עתֿתר) in proper name; in Egyptian ±astirati WMM^As.u.Eur.313; Greek Ἀστάρτη; on their Greek equivalents (e.g. Ἀφροδίτη) compare Lewy^{Fremdw. 148,186f, 250}); — ֶֹ֯ probably artificial, to suggest בּשֶׁת, originally תַּרְתְּ-, תֶּרֶת-, compare Ištar, Ασταρτη, etc.; ׳ע 1 Kings 11:5 2t.; plural תָּרוֺת- Judges 2:13 + 3t.+ רֹת- 1 Samuel 7:4; 1 Samuel 31:10 read probably singular (Dr and others); — ±Aštart, ±Aštereth (Ασταρτη, plural Ασταρται, but Judges 10:6; 1 Samuel 7:4 Ασταρωθ), ancient Semitic goddess (with male counterpart in Moabite, Sabean and apparently Phoenician); Phoenician deity, עשׁתרת אֱלֹהֵי צִדֹנִים 1 Kings 11:5,33, ׳שִׁקֻּץ צ׳ע 2 Kings 23:13; so probably ׳בֵּית ע 1 Samuel 31:10 (reading singular; see especially Dr); elsewhere plural, of various local goddesses, called עֲשְׁתָּרוֺת (compareAssyrian ilâni u ištarat = gods and Ištars (i.e. goddesses), usually + בעל(יםׅ, as Canaanitish deities Judges 2:13; Judges 10:6; 1 Samuel 7:4; 1 Samuel 12:10; "" אֱלֹהֵי הַנֵּכָר 1 Samuel 7:3. — See especially Dr^{Ashtoreth in} Hast^DB; on Išitar Jastr^Rel. Babylonian passive especially 202f.; on `Athtar Bae^{Rel. 117 f}; on Phoenician on `Aštart Pietschm^{Geschichte. Phön. 184f.}; on ±Ashtoreth Barton^{JBL x (1891), 73ff.} GFM^{Ency. Bib}.

Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Definition

עַשְׁתֹּרֶת f. [Ashtoreth], Greek Ἀστάρτη, Astarte, pr.n. of a female idol, worshipped by the Phœnicians (2 Kings 23:13); sometimes also by the Hebrews (1 Kings 11:5, 33 1 Kings 11:33; 1 Samuel 7:3); and the Philistines (1 Samuel 31:10), with great honour, together with Baal (Judges 2:13, 10:6 1 Samuel 7:4, 12:10 compare the pr.n. of Phœnician men, as Abdastartus, = עֶבֶד עַשְׁתֹּרֶת, also אמת עשתרת Inscr. Cit. 2, Astarimus, etc.)

I have no doubt that the name itself, the origin of which was long a matter of inquiry, is the same as the Syriac ܥܣܬܪܘܬ, ܙܣܬܪܐ (from the Pers. ستاره), and pr.n. אֶסְתֵּר star; specially the planet Venus, the goddess of love and fortune, for this latter reason called also אֲשֵׁרָה and מְנִי, which see. I have given more account of this idol in Comment. on Isa. iii. p. 237, and more fully in Gruber’s Univ. Encycl. vol. xxi. p. 98, 99. There is also a passage of Sanchoniathon containing the mythos concerning Astarte (ap. Eusebium de Præp. Evang. i. 10), in which the reason of the horned statues of Astarte (see plur. No. 3) is shewn: “Ἀστάρτη δὲ ἡ μεγίστη, καὶ Ζεὺς Δημαροῦς, καὶ Ἄδωδος (הדד) βασιλεὺς θεῶν ἐβασίλευον τῆς χώρας, Κρόνου γνώμῃͅ· Ἡ δὲ Ἀστάρτη ἐπέθηκε τῇ ἰδίᾳ κεφαλῇ βασιλείας παράσημον κεφαλὴν ταύρου· περινοστοῦσα δὲ τὴν οἰκουμένην, εὗρεν ἀεροπετῆ ἀστέρα, ἃν καὶ ἀνελομένη ἐν Τύρῳ τῇ ἁγίᾳ νήσῳ ἀφιέρωσε.” “Τὴν δὲ Ἀστάρτην Φοίνικες τὴν Ἀφροδίτην εἶναι λέγουσι.”

Plur. עַשְׁתָּרוֹת

(1) Astartes, i.e. statues of Astarte (comp. בְּעָלִים, אֲשֵׁרוֹת, Ἑρμαὶ), Judges 2:13, 10:6 1 Samuel 7:3, 1 Samuel 7:4, 12:10 31:10.

(2) עַשְׁתְּרוֹת צאֹן Deuteronomy 7:13, 28:4, 18 Deuteronomy 28:18, 51 Deuteronomy 28:51, the loves of the flocks, i.e. the offspring procreated, the increase, progeny of the flock; [in Thes. “breeding ewes.”]

(3) pr.n. of a city of Bashan, Deuteronomy 1:4; Joshua 13:12 more fully called עַשְׁתְּרוֹת קַרְנַיִם (“the horned Astartes”), [Ashtaroth-karnaim], Genesis 14:5, and בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָה which see, so called doubtless from a temple and statues of Astarte. Gent. noun עַשְׁתְּרָתִי 1 Chronicles 11:44.

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List of Word Forms

לְעַשְׁתֹּ֣רֶת ׀ לְעַשְׁתֹּרֶת֮ לעשתרת עַשְׁתֹּ֔רֶת עשתרת ‘aš·tō·reṯ ‘aštōreṯ ashToret lə‘aštōreṯ lə·‘aš·tō·reṯ leashtoRet