Bible Lexicons

ψευδής, ές

(the neut. sg. ψευδές is not found in early writers, ψεῦδος being used instead, cf. ψεῦδος 111; it is found in later Gr., OGI 669.54 (Egypt, i A.D.), Palaeph. 6, al., Gal. 18(2).782); gen. sg. ψευδοῦς Id. 15.168; old Att. acc. pl. ψευδᾶς IG 12.700: (ψεύδομαι): —

lying, false, untrue, of things, opp. ἀληθής, ψ. λόγοι Hes. Th. 229; μῦθοι A. Pr. 685, E. Hipp. 1288 (anap.); τρέπεσθαι ἐπὶ ψευδέα ὁδόν to betake oneself to false hood, Hdt. 1.117; ψ. κατηγορία, αἰτίαι, false charges, Aeschin. 2.183, Isoc. 15.138, Plb. 5.41.3; λόγοι S. OT 526; λόγος Pl. Sph. 240e, Cra. 385b: ψ. λόγοι are also fallacies, in Logic, Arist. Top. 162b3 sqq.; ἥδε ἡ ψ. οὐσία this unreal Being (sc. the world of sense), Plot. 5.8.9: irreg. Sup. ψευδίστατος, εἴδη Ael. VH 14.37.

2. of persons, lying, false, and as Subst., liar, οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ ψευδέσσι πατὴρ Ζεὺς ἔσσετ' ἀρωγός Il. 4.235 (only here in Hom.; perh. ψεύδεσσι from ψεῦδος is the true accent; so Hermappias ap.Hdn.Gr. 2.45 against Aristarch. and Ptol.Asc. ibid.); τοὺς θεοὺς ψευδεῖς τίθης S. Ph. 992, cf. Ant. 657; ψ. ἔφυς E. Or. 1608; ψ. φανήσεσθαι to be detected in falsehood, Th. 4.27, cf. Pl. Tht. 148b; Κριτίαν ψευδῆ ἐπιδείξω Id. Chrm. 158d: irreg. Sup. ψευδίστατος arrant liar, EM 110.29, cf. Eust. 1441.25.

3. τὰ ψευδῆ falsehoods, lies, οὐ ψευδῆ λέγω A. Ag. 625, cf. Antipho 1.10, etc.; οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως λέξαιμι τὰ ψευδῆ καλά A. Ag. 620; τινὰς ψ. διαβάλλειν Ar. Eq. 64; ψευδῶν συγκολλητής Id. Nu. 446 (anap.).

4. ψευδέων ἀγορή, in Hp. Epid. 3.1. ή, ιβ, said to be a name of the monkey-market, perhaps as being villanous counterfeits of humanity.

II Pass., beguiled, deceived, E. IA 852.

III Adv. ψευδῶς falsely, λέγειν Id. IT 1309 codd.; προσποιήσασθαι Th. 1.137; mistakenly, ψ. δοξάζειν Pl. Phlb. 40d; ψ. γενέσθαι τὸν φόβον groundlessly, Plb. 5.110.7.