the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3022 - λευκός
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- light, bright, brilliant
- brilliant from whiteness, (dazzling) white
- of the garments of angels, and of those exalted to the splendour of the heavenly state
- shining or white garments worn on festive or state occasions
- of white garments as the sign of innocence and purity of the soul
- dead white
- of the whitening colour of ripening grain
- brilliant from whiteness, (dazzling) white
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this Strong's Number
λευκοὶς
λευκός, ή, όν,
I
1. light, bright, clear (opp. μέλας in all senses), αἴγλη Od. 6.45; λευκὸν (v.l. λαμπρόν).. ἠέλιος ὥς Il. 14.185; λ. φάος S. Aj. 708 (lyr.), cf. infr. 11.3; αἰθήρ E. Andr. 1228 (anap.); of metallic surfaces, λέβης Il. 23.268; λ. γαλήνη a glassy calm, Od. 10.94; of water, clear, limpid, Il. 23.282, Od. 5.70, A. Supp. 23 (anap.); λ. νᾶμα E. HF 573; - ότατος ποταμῶν Call. Jov. 19.
2. metaph., clear, distinct, of the voice, Arist. Top. 106a25, S.E. M. 6.41: in literary sense, clear, λ. στίχος AP 11.347 (Phil.): prov., λευκὸς Ἑρμῆς, when a rogue was detected, Macar. 5.53. Adv. - κῶς, πάντα φαίνειν, of Hermes, Corn. ND 16: Comp. - ότερον, διαλεχθῆναι Hld. 7.20.
II
1. of colour, white, freq. in Hom., varying from the pure white of snow ([ ἵπποι] -ότεροι χιόνος Il. 10.437) to the grey of dust (λευκοὶ ἐγένοντο κονισάλῳ 5.503); γάλα λ. 4.434; κρῖ 5.196; ἄλφιτα 18.560; ἡνία λεύκ' ἐλέφαντι 5.583; ὀδόντες 10.263; ὀστέα 16.347; ἱστία 1.480; φᾶρος 18.353, etc.; λ. ἅρμα, = λεύκιππον, E. Ph. 172; of the white horses used by tyrants, λ. ζεῦγος D. 21.158, cf. λεύκιππος; λ. λίθος marble, OGI 219.36 (Sigeum, iii B.C.), etc., cf. λευκόλιθος; λευκῷ[ν]λίθῳ λ. στάθμη a white line on a white stone, prov. of explanations which do not explain, S. Fr. 330; ἡ λ. ῥίζα white root (= ἡ τοῦ δρακοντίου, acc. to Gal. 19.118), Hp. Morb. 2.48, Nat.Mul. 32; freq. of white or grey hair, λ. κάρη Tyrt. 10.23; θρίξ S. Ant. 1092; λ. γῆρας Id. Aj. 625 (lyr.); λευκὰ γήρᾳ σώματα E. HF 909, etc. of the human skin, white, fair, sts. as a sign of youth and beauty, χρώς, πήχεε, Il. 11.573, Od. 23.240; λ. παρειά, παρηΐς, S. Ant. 1239, E. Med. 923; σάρξ, δέρη, ib. 1189 (v.l.), IA 875 (troch.); freq. with the notion of bare, κῶλον, πούς, Id. Ba. 665, 863 (lyr.), Ion 221 (lyr.); cf. λευκόπους. of persons, white-skinned, Pl. R. 474e: hence, weakly, womanish, Ar. Th. 191, Ec. 428, X. HG 3.4.19; λευκῶν ἀνδρῶν οὐδὲν ὄφελος Macar. 5.55; cf. λευκόπρωκτος, λευκόχρως. λευκαὶ φρένες in Pi. P. 4.109 is expld. by Hsch. μαινόμεναι, frantic, passionate (cf. λευκῶν πραπίδων· κακῶν φρενῶν, Id.).
2. λ. χρυσός, pale gold, i.e. gold alloyed with silver (prob. the same as ἤλεκτρον), opp. ἄπεφθος χρυσός, Hdt. 1.50.
3. metaph., bright, fortunate, happy, λευκὸν ἦμαρ νυκτὸς ἐκ μελαγχίμου A. Pers. 301, cf. Ag. 668; a joyful day or holiday, Call. Aet. 1.1.2; λ. ἡμέρα a happy day, S. Fr. 6, cf. Sch. Call. Iamb. in PSI 9.1094.39; variously expld. in Phylarch. 83 J., Plu. Per. 27; ἡ λ. ψῆφος the vote of acquittal, Luc. Harm. 3, cf. Hsch.
III λεύκη, ἡ, leuko/n, τό, as Subst., v. sub vocc. (Cogn. with Lat. lux, etc.)
λευκός, λευκή, λευκόν (λεύσσω to see, behold, look at; akin to Latinluceo, German leuchten; cf. Curtius, p. 113 and § 87; (Vanicek, p. 817)), the Sept. for לָבָן:
1. light, bright, brilliant: τά ἱμάτια ... λευκά ὡς τό φῶς, Matthew 17:2; especially bright or brilliant from whiteness, (dazzling) white: spoken of the garments of angels, and of those exalted to the splendor of the heavenly state, Mark 16:5; Luke 9:29; Acts 1:10; Revelation 3:5; Revelation 4:4; Revelation 6:11; Revelation 7:9, 13; Revelation 19:14 (shining or white garments were worn on festive and state occasions, Ecclesiastes 9:8; cf. Heindorf on Horace sat. 2, 2, 61); with ὡσεί or ὡς ὁ χιών added: Mark 9:3 R L; Matthew 28:3 (ἵπποι λευκοτεροι χιόνος, Homer, Iliad 10, 437); ἐν λευκοῖς namely, ἱματίοις (added in Revelation 3:5; Revelation 4:4), John 20:12; Revelation 3:4; cf. Winers Grammar, 591 (550); (Buttmann, 82 (72)); used of white garments as the sign of innocence and purity of soul, Revelation 3:18; of the heavenly throne, Revelation 20:11.
2. (dead) white: Matthew 5:36 (opposed to μέλας); Revelation 1:14; Revelation 2:17; Revelation 4:4; Revelation 6:2; Revelation 14:14; Revelation 19:11; spoken of the whitening color of ripening grain, John 4:35.
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† λευκο -βύσσινος , -ον
(cf. λευκολινής , a robe of white flax, C.I., 155, 17),
white linen: Revelation 19:14 (WH, mg.).†
λευκός , ή , -όν ,
[in LXX chiefly for H3836;]
1. bright, brilliant: of clothing, Matthew 17:2, Mark 9:3; Mark 16:5, Luke 9:29, Acts 1:10, Revelation 3:5; Revelation 4:4; Revelation 6:11; Revelation 7:9; Revelation 7:13; Revelation 19:14 (cf. Ecclesiastes 9:8); ὡς χιών , Matthew 28:3; ἐν λ .. (sc. ἱματίοις ), John 20:12, Revelation 3:4; θρόνος , Revelation 20:11.
2. white: Matthew 5:36, Revelation 1:14; Revelation 2:17; Revelation 4:4; Revelation 6:2; Revelation 14:14; Revelation 19:11; fig., of garments, Revelation 3:18; of ripened grain, John 4:35.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In a list of soldiers, P Amh II. 62.6 ff. (ii/B.C.) three persons called Apollonius are distinguished as μέλας, ";the dark,"; λευκός, ";the fair,"; and σκευοφ (όρος), ";the baggage-carrier,"; respectively. For the more general meaning of λευκός, ";white,"; cf. such passages as P Ryl II. 146.15 (A.D. 39) ἐρίων σταθμία δέκα λευκῶν, ";10 measures of white wool,"; P Giss I. 21.9 (time of Trajan) τὸ συνθεσείδιον τὸ λευκόν, ";the white dress";—a loose wrap often worn at meals, P Oxy III. 531.13 (ii/A.D.) τὰ ἱμάτια τὰ λευκά, and P Hamb I. 38.21 (A.D. 182) λευκὸν ἐν ὀφθαλμῷ ἀριστερῷ. In P Oxy III. 471.94 ff. (ii/A.D.) the charge is brought against a high official that if a poor man ἐν ] εὐτελέσιν ἱματίοις, ";wearing cheap clothes"; (cf. James 2:2), asked a favour, his property was confiscated, and that the man—τὸν οὐκ ἐν λευκαῖς ἐσθῆσιν [ἐ ]ν θεάτρῳ καθίσα ̣[ντ ̣α, ";who took his seat at the theatre in other than white garments"; was delivered to death. For the ceremonial use of ";white clothing,"; as in Revelation 3:4, cf. Priene 205 εἰσίναι εἰς [τὸ ] ἱερὸν ἁγνὸν ἐ [ν ] ἐσθῆτι λευκ [ῆι. Constant reference is made to the fact that decrees etc. were written on a pillar of ";white stone,"; e.g. Michel 509.17 (B.C. 241) τὰ δεδογμένα ἀναγράψαι εἰς στήλην λευκοῦ λίθου, Syll 529.41 (i/B.C.) ἀν ]αγράψαι δὲ [τ ]ά τε ψηφίσματα κ [αὶ ] τὰ ὀνόματα αὐτῶν ε [ἰ ]ς τελαμῶνα λευκοῦ λίθου. The latter citation gives no help to the interpretation of the difficult Revelation 2:17, for which we must refer to the commentaries of Swete and Moffatt (in EGT) ad l., where the various associations of ";white stones"; are fully discussed. See also s.v. λίθος.
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