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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2031 - ἔπος
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ἔπος,
older ϝέπος SIG 9 (v. infr.), etc., εος, τό (Skt. vácas 'word', 'hymn', cf. εἶπον):
I word, παύρῳ ἔπει in short utterance, Pi. O. 13.98; ἐπέων κόσμος Parm. 8.52, Democr. 21; ἔπους σμικροῦ χάριν S. OC 443; λόγοι ἔπεσι κοσμηθέντες Th. 3.67: generally, that which is uttered in words, speech, tale, ἔπος ἐρέειν Il. 3.83, etc.; φάσθαι Xenoph. 7.3, Parm. 1.23, etc.; joined with μῦθος, Od. 4.597, 11.561. —
Special uses,
1 song or lay accompanied by music, 8.91, 17.519.
2. pledged word, promise, Il. 8.8; τελέσαι ἔπος fulfil, keep one's word, 14.44, cf. A. Pr. 1033.
3. word in season, counsel, Il. 1.216, 2.807, Od. 18.166, etc.; freq. in Trag., E. Hel. 513, etc.
4. word of a deity, oracle, Od. 12.266, Hdt. 1.13, etc.
5. saying, proverb, τὸ παλαιὸν ἔπος Id. 7.51, cf. Ar. Av. 507.
6. word, opp. deed, ἔπε' ἀκράαντα words of none effect, opp. ἔτυμα, Od. 19.565, cf. E. HF 111 (lyr.); opp. ἔργον, Il. 15.234, Od. 2.272, etc., cf. 11.1; αἴτε ϝέπος αἴτε ϝάργον SIG 9 (Elis, vi B.C.); opp. βίη, Il. 15.106; opp. χεῖρες, 1.77 (pl.).
7. subject of a speech, message, 11.652, 17.701, S. OT 1144, etc.
II later usages,
1 joined with ἔργον or πρᾶγμα Heraclit. 1, A. Pers. 174 (troch.), Ar. Eq. 39, etc.; ἔργῳ τε καὶ ἔπει Pl. Lg. 879c; ἅμα ἔπος τε καὶ ἔργον ἐποίεε Hdt. 3.134; χρηστὰ ἔργα καὶ ἔπεα ποιέειν Id. 1.90.
2. κατ' ἔπος word by word, κατ' ἔ. βασανιεῖν φησι τὰς τραγῳδίας Ar. Ra. 802.
3. πρὸς ἔπος at the first word, Luc. Sat. 37. word in exchange for word, ἀμείβεσθαι, ἀποκρίνεσθαι, of an oracle, Id. Alex. 19, Philops. 38; also ἔ. δ' ἀμείβου πρὸς ἔ. A. Eu. 586, cf. Ar. Nu. 1375, Pl. Sph. 217d. οὐδὲν πρὸς ἔ. to no purpose, Ar. Ec. 751; also, nothing to the purpose, ἐὰν μηδὲν πρὸς ἔ. ἀποκρίνωμαι Pl. Euthd. 295c, cf. Luc. Herm. 36; τί πρὸς ἔπος; Pl. Phlb. 18d.
4. ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν almost, practically, qualifying a too absolute expression, esp. with πᾶς and οὐδείς (not with metaphors), Pl. Revelation 17:1-18 a, Phd. 78e, Grg. 456a, al., Arist. Metaph. 1009b16, Pol. 1252b29, D. 9.47, etc.; opp. ὄντως or ἀκριβεῖ λόγῳ, Pl. Lg. 656e, R. 341b; later ὡς ἔ. ἐστὶν εἰπεῖν POxy. 67.14 (iv A.D.); in Trag., ὡς εἰπεῖν ἔ. A. Pers. 714 (troch.), E. Heracl. 167, Hipp. 1162, once in Pl., Lg. 967b (s.v.l.).
5. ἑνὶ ἔπει in one word, briefly, ἑνὶ ἔπεϊ πάντα συλλαβόντα λέγειν Hdt. 3.82.
III of single words, esp. with ref. to etymology or usage, Id. 2.30, Ar. Nu. 638, Pl. Prt. 339a, etc.; ὀρθότης ἐπῶν, = ὀρθοέπεια (q.v.), Ar. Ra. 1181; ἄριστ' ἐπῶν ἔχον ib. 1161. in pl., epic poetry, opp. μέλη (lyric poetry), ἰαμβεῖα, διθύραμβοι, etc., ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων ἀοιδοί Pi. N. 2.2; τὰ Κύπρια ἔπεα Hdt. 2.117, cf. Th. 1.3, X. Mem. 1.4.3, Pl. R. 379a, etc.; ἔπεά τε ποιεῖν πρὸς λύραν τ' ἀείδειν Theoc. 21.6; νικήσας ἔπος IG 3.1020; ποητὴς ἐπῶν ib.7.3197.9 (Orchom. Boeot.), cf. OGI 51.37 (Egypt, iii B.C.). generally, poetry, even lyrics, Alcm. 25 (prob.), Pi. O. 3.8, etc. lines, verses, esp. of spoken lines in the drama, Ar. Ra. 862, 956, etc.: sg., verse, line of poetry, Hdt. 4.29, Pl. Min. 319d; group of verses, Id. R. 386c, Hdt. 7.143. lines of writing, μυρίων ἐπῶν μῆκος Isoc. 12.136; ἐν ὅλοις ἑπτὰ ἔπεσι παραδραμεῖν, of a historian, Luc. Hist.Conscr. 28.
ἔπος, ἐπεος (ἐπους), τό, a word: ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν (see εἶπον, 1 a., p. 181a), Hebrews 7:9. [SYNONYMS: ἔπος seems primarily to designate a word as an articulate manifestation of a mental state, and so to differ from ῤῆμα (which see), the mere vocable; for its relation to λόγος see λόγος I. 1.]
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ἔπος , -εος (-ους ), τό ,
[in LXX: Zechariah 7:3, Sirach 44:5 *;]
a word: ὡς ἔ . εἰπεῖν (cl.), so to speak: Hebrews 7:9.†
SYN.: λόγος G3056, reasoned speech; ῥῆμα G4487, mere articulated utterance; ἔ ., the articulated expression of a thought.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The phrase as ὡς ἔπος ἐστὶν εἰπεῖν occurs in P Oxy I. 67.14 (a dispute concerning property—A.D. 338) qualifying a preceding πάντα : it is a literary reminiscence as in Hebrews 7:9, the only place where ἔπος occurs in the NT. In the early Syll 17.23 (v/B.C.) we have οὐδ᾽ ἔπει οὐδὲ ἔργοι, cf. 55.7, and in OGIS 51.37 (iii/B.C.) ἐπῶν ποιηταί are contrasted with τραγῳδιῶν π. and κωμωιδιῶν π., cf. Sirach 44:5 : see also Syll 693.21 (iii/B.C.), 722.6 (ii/B.C.). As distinguished from λόγος, speech in progress, ἔπος (F)ἒπος, vox, Sanskrit vāc, etc., describes a single utterance : see Proleg. p. 111.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
