Bible Lexicons

קָדֵשׁ (Numbers 17:2) fut. יִקְדַּשׁ

(1)  to be pure, clean, prop. used of physical purity and cleanliness (see Hithp. No. 1, and adj. קָדוֹשׁ); hence

(2) to be holy, sacred (so in all the cogn. languages, Arab. قدس id.)

(a) used of a man who devotes himself to any God, and therefore accounts himself more holy than the common people. Isaiah 65:5, קְדַשְׁתִּיךָ “I am holy unto thee,” for קָדַשְׁתִּי לְךָ; used of those who were consecrated by touching sacred things, Exodus 29:37, 30:29 Leviticus 6:11, 20.

(b) used of things destined for holy worship, Numbers 17:2, Numbers 17:3; Exodus 29:21 or which were consecrated by touching holy things, 1 Samuel 21:6; Haggai 2:12 or which were devoted to the sacred treasury, Deuteronomy 22:9.

Niphal

(1) to be regarded as holy; to be hallowed (as of God), followed by בְּ Levit. 10:3 22:32 also to shew oneself holy in any thing, either by bestowing favours, Ezekiel 20:41, 28:25 36:23 38:16 39:27 or in inflicting punishments, Ezekiel 28:22; Numbers 20:13 compare Isaiah 5:16.

(2) to be consecrated (used of the holy tent), Exodus 29:43.

Piel קִדַּשׁ

(1) to regard any one as holy, as God, Deuteronomy 32:51, a priest, Leviticus 21:8 the sabbath, Exodus 20:8.

(2) to declare holy (used of God), e.g. the sabbath, Genesis 2:3 the people, Leviticus 20:8, 21:8 also to institute any thing sacred, as a fast, Joel 1:14, 2:15 (to which answers קָרָא), a general assembly, 2 Kings 10:20.

(3) to consecrate a priest, Exodus 28:41, 29:1 1 Samuel 7:1 the altar, the temple, Exodus 29:36; 1 Kings 8:64 the people of Israel, Exodus 19:10, 14 Exodus 19:14; Joshua 7:13 a new building, Nehemiah 3:1 a mountain (by separating it from profane things), Exodus 19:23. Hence to inaugurate with holy rites, as a sacrifice, Exodus 12:2 soldiers for battle, Jerem. 51:27. Compare Hiphil. קִדַּשׁ מִלְחָמָה to consecrate war, to inaugurate (with sacred rites), compare Psalms 110:3; 1 Samuel 7:9, 10 1 Samuel 7:10 Joel 4:9 Jerem. 6:4 Micah 3:5.

Pual, part. consecrated, used of priests and holy things, Ezekiel 48:11; 2 Chronicles 26:18, 31:6. Isaiah 13:3, מְקֻדָּשַׁי “my consecrated ones,” i.e. soldiers whom I myself have inaugurated for war, comp. Jeremiah 51:27.

Hiphil

(1) i.q. Piel No. 1, Isaiah 8:13, 29:23 Numbers 20:12.

(2) i.q. Piel No. 2, to declare any one holy, Jeremiah 1:5; 1 Kings 9:3.

(3) i.q. Piel No. 3, to consecrate to God, Leviticus 27:14, seqq., Judges 17:3; 2 Samuel 8:11.

Hithpael

(1) to purify, to make oneself clean (by holy washings and lustrations). 2 Samuel 11:4, וְהִיא מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת מִטֻּמְאָתָהּ “and she purified herself from her uncleanness;” Exodus 19:22; 2 Chronicles 5:11, 29:15 comp. Kal No. 1.

(2) to shew oneself holy, Ezekiel 38:23.

(3) to be celebrated, as a feast, Isaiah 30:29.

Derivatives, קָדֵשׁ, קֶדֶשׁ, קֹדֶשׁ, קַדִּישׁ, קָדוֹשׁ, מִקְדָּשׁ.

קָדֵשׁ m.

(1)  a sodomite, pr. consecrated, sc. to Astarte or Venus, and prostituting himself in her honour, Deuteronomy 23:18; 1 Kings 14:24, 15:12 22:47 Job 36:14. Fem. קְדֵשָׁה consecrated (to Venus), hence a harlot, Genesis 38:21, 22 Genesis 38:22; Deuteronomy 23:18; Hosea 4:14. As to the libidinous worship of Venus amongst the Babylonians, see Lucian, De Dea Syra; compare Numbers 25:1, seqq.

(2) קָדֵשׁ Genesis 14:7, 16:14 and fully קָדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵעַ Numbers 34:4; Deuteronomy 1:2, 19 2:14 [Kadesh, Kadeshbarnea], pr.n. of a town in the desert to the south of Palestine, see Relandi Palæstina, p. 114. Hence מִדְבַּר קָדֵשׁ Psalms 29:8.

בַּקְּדֵשִֽׁים׃ בקדשים׃ הַקְּדֵשִׁ֔ים הַקְּדֵשִׁ֖ים הַקָּדֵ֔שׁ הקדש הקדשים קָדֵ֖שׁ קדש bakkedeShim baq·qə·ḏê·šîm baqqəḏêšîm hakkaDesh hakkedeShim haq·qā·ḏêš haq·qə·ḏê·šîm haqqāḏêš haqqəḏêšîm kaDesh qā·ḏêš qāḏêš