Bible Lexicons

סוּר fut. יָסוּר, with ו convers. וַיָּסַר.

(1) to turn aside, to go away, to depart, e.g. from a way, followed by מִן Exodus 32:8; Deuteronomy 9:12; 1 Kings 22:43 מֵעַל Numbers 12:10, 14:9. Specially these expressions should be observed

(a) to depart from God, i.e. to turn away from his worship, followed by מֵאַחֲרֵי 1 Samuel 12:20; 2 Kings 10:29, 18:6 2 Chronicles 25:27 מֵעַל Ezekiel 6:9 מִן Jeremiah 17:5 followed by בְּ in a pregnant sense, to turn aside (from God), and to be turned against him (as if more fully expressed סוּר וּמָרֹה בְ), Hosea 7:14. On the contrary

(b) God is said to depart from any one, i.e. to give him up, leave him destitute, followed by מִן 1 Samuel 28:15, 16 1 Samuel 28:16; Judges 16:20 in like manner the Spirit of God is said to depart from any one (1 Samuel 16:14); strength (Judges 16:17 ); dominion (Genesis 49:10), i.e. to desert him, to leave him destitute; followed by מִן Gen. Judges 1:1. c. c.; מֵעִים 1 Sa. loc. cit. Poet., Proverbs 11:22, “a fair woman סָרַת טַעַם from whom understanding has departed,” void of understanding.

(c) to depart from the law, followed by מִן Deuteronomy 17:20, 28:14 Joshua 23:6; Daniel 9:5, 11 Psalms 119:102 followed by an acc. (to violate a law), 2 Chronicles 8:15 from the path of rectitude, Isaiah 30:11 from sins, followed by מֵעַלּ 2 Kings 10:31 from evil (i.e. to avoid evil), Job 1:1.

(d) to withdraw from calamity, i.q. to escape it (entweichen, entkommen). Job 15:30, “he shall not depart out of darkness,” he shall not be able to escape from calamity. LXX. οὐδὲ μὴ ἐκφύγῃ σκότος.

Absolutely, those are sometimes said to have departed

(α) who have turned away from God, are become degenerate (compare above, letter c), Deuteronomy 11:16; Psalms 14:3 Jerem. 5:23 Daniel 9:11.

(β) things which have passed away. 1 Samuel 15:32, “the bitterness of death has turned aside;” i.e. has passed away. Hosea 4:18.

(γ) things which are taken away, removed. 1 Kings 15:14, “and the high places did not turn aside;” were not taken away. 22:44 2 Kings 12:4, 14:4 15:4 Job 15:30.

(2) to draw near to any person or thing (turning from the way), constr. absol. Exodus 3:3, אָסֻרָה־נָּא וְאֶרְאֶה “let me now draw near and see;” verse Ruth 4:1 followed by עַל of person, 1 Kings 22:32 followed by אֶל it is, to turn in unto (einkehren) any one, Judges 4:18; Genesis 19:3 אֶל־בֵּית into any one’s house, ibid.; verse 2; also followed by ־ָה local, as סוּר שָׁמָּה to turn in thither, 2 Kings 4:8, 10 2 Kings 4:10; Judges 18:3, 15 Judges 18:15סוּר הֵנָּה to turn in hither, Proverbs 9:4, 16. Absol. to have access to any one, 1 Samuel 22:14.

Hiphil, הֵסִיר, fut. יָסִיר, with ו convers. וַיָּסַר (this form can only be distinguished by the sense from the fut. Kal).

(1) to cause to depart, i.e.

(a) to remove; e.g. those who had familiar spirits, 1 Samuel 28:3 any one from ruling, 2 Chronicles 15:16 out of one’s sight, 2 Kings 23:27 more often used of things, e.g. to take away the high places, 2 Kings 18:4; Isaiah 36:7 the covering of a ship [the ark], Genesis 8:13 any one’s head (to behead), 1 Samuel 17:46; 2 Samuel 5:6, 16:9 garments (i.e. to lay aside), Genesis 38:14 reproach, dishonour, 1 Samuel 17:26 the right of any one (i.e. to deprive of), Job 27:2, 34:5, etc.

(b) followed by מֵאַחֲרֵי to turn away any one from the worship of God, Deuteronomy 7:4.

(c) to recall one’s words, Isaiah 31:2.

(2) followed by אֵלָיו to cause to turn aside to oneself, to bring to oneself, 2 Samuel 6:10.

Hophal הוּסַר to be removed, Levit. 4:31 Daniel 12:11. Isaiah 17:1, דַּמֶּשֶׂק מוּסָר מֵעִיר “Damascus shall be removed (i.e. taken away) from amongst cities;” compare מִן No. 5.

Pilel סוֹרֵר causat. of Kal 1, let. c, to cause to depart, used of a way; i.e. to turn it aside from what is right and true, Lamentations 3:11 (compare verse ).

Hence סָרָה, יָסוּר, pr.n. סִרָה and

סוּר

(1) part. pass. i.q. מוּסָר removed, expelled (compare 1 Samuel 28:3). Isaiah 49:21, גֹּלָה וְסוּרָה “an exile and expelled.” Jeremiah 17:13 קרי, סוּרַי “those who are removed from me,” i.e. who have departed.

(2) a degenerate branch or shoot; compare the root No. 1, α. Jerem. 2:21, סוּרֵי הַגֶּפֶן נָכְרִיָּה “the degenerate branches of a strange vine.”

(3) [Sur], pr.n. of a gate of the temple; only found 2 Kings 11:6 for which, in a similar passage, 2 Chronicles 23:5, there is שַׁעַר הַיְסוֹד the gate of the foundation.