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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #5446 - φυσικός
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- produced by nature, inborn
- agreeable to nature
- governed by (the instincts of) nature
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did not use
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φῠσικός, ή, όν,
natural, produced or caused by nature, inborn, native, once in X., Mem. 3.9.1, not in Pl., freq. in Arist. (τὰ περὶ γένεσιν φ. Ph. 191a3, al.), and later Prose; opp. διδακτός, X. l.c.; opp. νομικός (conventional), δίκαιον Arist. EN 1134b19; ἡ φ. χρῆσις, opp. ἡ παρὰ φύσιν, Romans 1:26; of style, natural, simple, ἀληθὲς καὶ φ. χρῶμα D.H. Th. 42; τὸ φ., opp. τὸ τεχνικόν, ib. 34: φ. υἱός, = ὁ ἐκ πορνείας γεγονώς, opp. γνήσιος, Thom.Mag. p.362 R.; υἱὸς γνήσιος καὶ φ. PLips. 28.18 (iv A. D.). Adv. -κῶς by nature, naturally, κινητόν, κινεῖσθαι, Arist. Ph. 201a24, Cael. 307b32; ὠχυρωμένη φ. λίμνῃ D.S. 20.55; ἀκατασκεύως καὶ φ. Plb. 6.4.7, etc. belonging to the nature of a plant, characteristic, Thphr. HP 8.4.4, al.
2. belonging to growth, Stoic. 2.205, al.
3. φ. ὀδόντες milk -teeth, Nicom. ap. Theol.Ar. 49.
II of or concerning the order of external nature, natural, physical, ἡ φ. ἐπιστήμη Arist. PA 640a2; φ. φιλοσοφία ib. 653a9; ἡ φ. Id. Metaph. 1026a6, etc.; opp. μαθηματική, θεολογική, ib. 1064b2; τὰ φ. ib. 1026a4; οἱ φ. λόγοι f.l. for οἱ φυσιολόγοι, Id. EN 1154b7; φ. προτάσεις, opp. ἠθικαί, λογικαί, Id. Top. 105b21; τὸ φ., τὸ ἠθικόν, τὸ λογικόν, the three branches of philosophy, Zeno Stoic. 1.15, etc., cf. S.E. P. 2.13; τὰ πρῶτα καὶ -ώτατα the primal elements of things, Plu. 2.395d.
2. ὁ φ. an inquirer into nature, natural philosopher, Arist. de An. 403a28, PA 641a21, Metaph. 1005a34; περὶ πασῶν [τῶν αἰτιῶν] εἰδέναι τοῦ φ. Id. Ph. 198a22, cf. Metaph. 1026a5: esp. of the Ionic and other pre-Socratic philosophers, Id. Ph. 184b17, 187a12, 205a5, al.: also ὁ φ., of Epicurus, Phylarch. 24J.; ὁ φυσικώτατος, of Thales, Luc. Ner. 4. army surgeon, dub. in IG 12.950.153.
3. ἡ φ. ἀκρόασις, title of a treatise by Arist.; τὰ φυσικά, a name given to his physical treatises, Id. Ph. 267b21, Metaph. 1042b8; ἐπιτομὴ φυσικῶν Id. Proverbs 10:1-32 tit.
4. Adv. -κῶς according to the laws of nature, Id. Ph. 198a23; opp. λογικῶς, ib. 204b10: Comp. -ώτερον εἰπεῖν Id. GC 335b25.
III later, belonging to occult laws of nature, magical, φ. φάρμακα spells or amulets, Alex. Trall. 1.15; φυσικοῖς χρῆσθαι Gp. 2.18.8; φ. θεραπεία ib.2.42.3; φ. δακτύλιοι Sch. Ar. Pl. 884. Adv. -κῶς Gp. 9.1.5.
φυσικός, φυσικη, φυσικον (φύσις), natural; i. e., a. produced by nature, inborn (very often so from Xenophon, (mem. 3, 9, 1) down).
b. agreeable to nature (Dionysius Halicarnassus, Plutarch, others): opposed to παρά φύσιν, Romans 1:26,(27).
c. governed by (the instincts of) nature: ζῷα γεγεννημένα φυσικά, 2 Peter 2:12 (R. V. born mere animals).
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* φυσικός , -ή , -όν (< ψύσις ), natural;
(a) produced by nature, innate (Xen., Arist., al.);
(b) according to nature (Arist., Diod., al.): opp. to παρὰ φύσιν , Romans 1:26-27;
(c) governed by mere natural instinct (of. Plut., Mor., 706 A): ζῷα γεγεννημένα φ . (RV, born mere animals; Mayor, born creatures of instinct; ICC, animals born of mere nature), 2 Peter 2:12,†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
a word of Latin formation (cf. Pompeiani, Caesariani), apparently invented by the Antiochenes as a nickname for the partisans or followers of Christ, Act. 11:26; cf. Act. 26:8, 1Pe. 4:16. From the fact that in these, the only instances of its use in the NT, Codex Sinaiticus writes the word Χρηστιανοί, Blass thinks that this was the original form (cf. Hermes xxx. (1895), p. 465 ff.), but the difference in spelling may be due simply to a confusion of sound between Χριστ - and χρηστ - : cf. Radermacher Gr,2, p. 45.
The common use of Χρηστός as a proper name may, however, also be recalled, see s.v. χρηστός. Deissmann (LAE2, p. 377), following Winer-Schmiedel Gr. § 16, 2c, n..18 (p. 135), draws attention to the analogy on linguistic grounds between Χριστιανός and Καισαριανός, ";Caesarian,"; ";Imperial (slave)"; : cf. P Lond 256 recto.1 (A.D. 11–15) ( = II. p. 96, Chrest. I. p. 407) Φαῦστος Πρίσκου Καίσαρος, one of the imperial slaves. As an ex. of the word from the inscrr., we may cite a wall-scratching from Egypt, Preisigke 2273 Σταῦρος δῶν Χριστιανῶν.
See further R. A. Lepsius Über den Ursprung und ältesten Gebrauch des Christennamens (Jena, 1873), also the art, ";Christian"; in Hastings DB i. p. 384 ff., and A. Carr Exp V. vii. p. 456 ff.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
