Bible Lexicons

φοῖνιξ, ῑκος, ὁ, ἡ, Phoenician, Φοῖνιξ ἀνὴρ ἀπατήλια εἰδώς Od. 14.288, cf. 13.272, 15.415; ὡς Φ. ἀνήρ, Σιδώνιος κάπηλος S. Fr. 909.

2. fem., γυνή Φοίνισσα Od. 15.417; Φοίνισσαι, name of plays by Euripides, Phrynichus, etc.; also Φ. ἐμπολά Pi. P. 2.67; χθών, νᾶσος, etc., E. Ph. 6, 204 (lyr.), etc.; Φ. βοά ib. 301 (lyr.); κώπη Id. Hel. 1272; Φ. ἄμπεχος PCair.Zen. 33.14 (iii B. C.).

II Carthaginian, ἀλαλατός Pi. P. 1.72; also fem., Φοίνισσαι νῆες Th. 1.116, D.S. 13.80. φοῖνιξ, ῑκος, ὁ, purple or crimson, because the discovery and earliest use of this colour was ascribed to the Phoenicians, Il. 4.141, 6.219, Od. 23.201, etc.: — hence,

2. as Adj. (fem. φοίνισσα Pi. (v. infr.); φοῖνιξ as fem., E. Tr. 815), blood-bay, of a horse, Il. 23.454; of red cattle, φοίνισσα ἀγέλα Pi. P. 4.205, cf. Theoc. 25.128: of the colour of fire, φοίνισσα φλόξ Pi. P. 1.24; πυρὸς φ. πνοά E.l.c.; also φ. ἱμάντες Simon. 17; πέπλοι E. Hel. 181 (lyr.), etc.

II date-palm, Phoenix dactylifera, Od. 6.163, h.Ap. 117, Pi. Fr. 75 14 (dub.), E. Hec. 458 (lyr.), D.S. 2.53; τόξα ἐκ φοίνικος σπάθης πεποιημένα Hdt. 7.69, etc.: the male and female distd. by Hdt. as [ ὁ φ.] ἔρσην and [ ἡ φ.] βαλανηφόρος, 1.193 (but the latter is masc., ibid. and in 4.172, 182); φοινίκων.. τῶν καρπίμων οἱ μὲν ἄρρενες αἱ δὲ θήλειαι Thphr. HP 2.6.6, but αἱ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρρένων πρὸς τοὺς θήλεις [βοήθειαι ] ib. 2.8.4.

2. palm-frond, as a badge of victory, Arist MM 1196a36, Plu. 2.723b, etc.; τὸν φ. τινὶ ἀποδοῦναι Chrysipp.Stoic. 3.175.

3. date, Hellanic. 56J., Epich. 18, Antiph. 65, Ephipp. 24; more correctly, τοῦφοίνικος ὁ καρπός Hdt. 1.193; καρπὸς φοίνικος Hermipp. 63.22 (hex.); cf. φοινικοβάλανος.

III ὁ χαμαιρριφής dwarf-palm, Chamaerops humilis, Thphr. HP 2.6.11.

2. a Bactrian tree, Mazri palm, Nannorhops ritchieana, ib. 4.4.8.

3. a sea-plant, Callophyllis laciniata, ib. 4.6.2, 10.

4. rye-grass, Lolium perenne, Dsc. 4.43. a musical instrument, like a guitar, invented by the Phoenicians, Hdt. 4.192, Ephor. 4 J., Phillis 2 (pl.), Scamon 3; but so called because made from the Delian palm, acc. to Semus 1. the fabulous bird phoenix, Hes. Fr. 171.4, Antiph. 175; from Arabia acc. to Hdt. 2.73; but from India, Philostr. VA 3.49: prov., φοίνικος ἔτη βιοῦν Luc. Herm. 53. an ornament, LXX Ezekiel 41:25. perfume prepared from the fronds of the date-palm, Thphr. Od. 28. a fish, Ael. NA 12.24. a bandage, Heliod. ap. Orib. 49.11.2. = εὐρύνοτος, Agathem. 2.7. φ. ἐν ὁπλῇ, a disease of the hoof, Hippiatr. 10. an eye-salve, Aët. 7.116. [In all senses of the word ῑ in gen., but nom. φοῖνιξ, not φοίνιξ, Hdn.Gr. ap. Choerob. in Thd. 1.292.]