the Week of Christ the King / Proper 29 / Ordinary 34
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #5076 - τετράρχης
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- a tetrarch
- a governor of the fourth part of a region. Thus Strabo states that Galactia was formerly divided into three parts, each one of which was distributed into four smaller subdivisions each of which was governed by a tetrarch. Strabo relates that Thessaly, before the time of Philip of Macedon, had been divided into four tetrarchies, each having its own tetrarch.
- the governor of a third part or half a country, or even a ruler of an entire country or district provided it were of comparatively narrow limits; a petty prince. Thus Antony made Herod (afterwards king) and Phasael, sons of Antipater, tetrarchs of Palestine. After the death of Herod the Great, his sons, Achelaus styled an ethnarch but Antipas and Philip with the title of tetrarchs, divided and governed the kingdom left by their father.
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τετράρχ-ης, ου, ὁ,
tetrarch, Str. 12.5.1, Plu. Ant. 56, OGI 416 (Cos, i. A.D.), 543.3 (Ancyra, ii A.D.), etc.; of rulers under the protection of Rome of lower grade than kings, e.g. in Palestine, Matthew 14:1, al., J. BJ 1.12.5, al.; generally, Sall. Cat. 20.7, Hor. Sat. 1.3.12, etc.: also τέτραρχος, Θεσσαλῶν SIG 274 (Delph., iv B.C.): gen. -χου OGI 606.4 (Syria, i A.D.), but -χα IGRom. 4.1683 (Pergam.): cf. τετραρχία.
II a leader of four λόχοι, or 64 men, RArch. 3 (1934).40 (Amphipolis, iii/ii B.C.), 6(1935).31 (ibid., ii B.C.), Ascl. Tact. 2.8, Arr. Tact. 10.1, Ael. Tact. 9.2.
τετραάρχης, see τετράρχης.]
STRONGS NT 5076: τετράρχης τετράρχης (T WH τετραάρχης; see the preceding word, and cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 117), τετράρχου, ὁ (from τέτρα, which see, and ἄρχω), a tetrarch; i. e.
1. a governor of the fourth part of any region. Thus Strabo, 12, p. 567, states that Galatia was formerly divided into three parts, each one of which was distributed into four smaller subdivisions each of which was governed by 'a tetrarch'; again, in book 9, p. 430, he relates that Thessaly, before the time of Philip of Macedon, had been divided into four 'tetrarchies' each of which had its own 'tetrarch'.
2. the word lost its strict etymological force, and came to denote "the governor of a third part or half of a country, or even the ruler of an entire country or district provided it were of comparatively narrow limits; a petty prince" (cf. e. g. Plutarch, Anton. 56, 3, i., p. 942 a.). Thus Antony made Herod (afterward king) and Phasael, sons of Antipater, tetrarchs of Palestine, Josephus, Antiquities 14, 13, 1. After the death of Herod the Great, his sons, Archelaus styled an ethnarch but Antipas and Philip with the title of 'tetrarchs', divided and governed the kingdom left by their father; Josephus, Antiquities 17, 11, 4. Cf. Fischer, De vitiis etc., p. 428; Winers RWB, under the word Tetrarch, and especially Keim in Schenkel v., p. 487ff The tetrarch Herod Antipas is mentioned in Matthew 14:1; Luke 3:19; Luke 9:7; Acts 13:1.
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† τετραάρχης
(Rec. τετράρχης , v. supr.), -ου , ὁ
(< τετρα - in corp. = τέτορα , Doric for τέσσαρα , + ἄρχω ),
a tetrarch, i.e.
(a) prop., the governor of a fourth part of a region (Strab.);
(b) any petty ruler (Plut.); in NT, of Herod Antipas: Matthew 14:1, Luke 3:19; Luke 9:7, Acts 13:1.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
orig. of animals, ";munnch,"; ";crunch,"; ";eat audibly,"; then of men, ";eat vegetables, fruit, etc,"; as in Herod, ii. 37, and then ";eat"; generally. The word, outside the Fourth Gospel (6.54 al.), is found in the NT only in Matthew 24:33 (the Lukan parallel Luke 17:27 here substitutes ἐσθίω) : cf. Syll 805 (= .3 1171).10 ἔδωκεν εὔζωμον νήστῃ τρώγειν. Other exx. are P Lond 121.77 (iii/A.D.) (= I. p. 89) ψυχρὰ τρώγοντα κατακαίεσθαι, and Preisigke 5730.5 (= P Bouriant 1.160) a school-exercise of iv/v A.D. containing a saying of Diogenes who, when he saw a certain man eating (ἔσθοντα), remarked—ἡ νὺξ τὴν ἡμέραν τρώγει. There seems no good reason for assuming the survival of any difference in meaning between the two verbs that supplied a present stem for φαγεῖν : but see Haussleiter in Archiv fiir lat. Lexicographie ix. (1896), p. 300 ff. In MGr τρώ (γ)ω is the usual word for ";eat.";
In one of the Klepht ballads edited by Abbott Songs p. 22, the verb is used to denote security. The famous Andritsos, besieged in the great Monastery, 11 ἔτρωγε κ᾽ ἔπινε, while his enemies stormed at the gate. For the compd. ἐπιτρώγω cf. P Oxy IX. 1185.11 (c. A.D. 200) παῖδα τὸν μεικρὸν δεῖ ἄρτον ἐσθίειν, ἅλας ἐπιτρώγειν, ὀψαρίου μὴ θινγάνειν, ";a little boy must eat bread, nibble besides some salt, and not touch the sauce"; (Ed.). For τραγήματα = ";the dessert"; or δευτέρα τράπεζα (secunda mensa, bellaria), see Cagnat IV. 1000.6 (ii/B.C.).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
