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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4442 - πῦρ
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πῦρ (once πύυρ [ ] by 'distraction', Simon. 59 codd. Hdn.Gr. ( Rh.Mus. 35.101, 38.378)), τό, gen. πῠρός; not used in pl., v. πυρά, τά: — fire, π. καίειν or δαίειν to kindle fire, Il. 8.521, Od. 7.7, etc.; π. ἀνακαίειν, ἅπτειν, ἐξάπτειν, αἴθειν, ἐναύειν, v. sub vocc.; π. ποιεῖν, ποιήσασθαι, Anaxipp. 1.12, X. An. 5.2.27; οἴσετε π. Il. 15.718; π. προσέφερον X. An. 5.2.14; π. ἐμβαλεῖν νηυσί, κλισίῃσι, Il. 15.597, Od. 8.501 (tm.); π. φυσητέον, ῥιπίζειν, Ar. Lys. 293, Plu. Flam. 21; as exclam., "" πῦρ βοᾷ Men. Sam. 208 . π. τεχνικόν, v. τεχνικός .
2. funeral-fire (cf. πυρά ), ὄφρα πυρός με . . λελάχωσι θανόντα Il. 7.79, 22.342, cf. 15.350, 23.76; ζῶντα διδόναι τινὰ πυρί burn one alive, Hdt. 1.86 .
3. sacrificial fire, ἐν πυρὶ βάλλε θυηλάς Il. 9.220, cf. Od. 3.341, 446; κατὰ τοῦ π. σπένδειν Pl. Criti. 120a; διὰ τοῦ π. ὀμνύναι D. 54.40 .
4. hearthfire, πυρὸς ἐσχάραι Il. 10.418, cf. Od. 5.59; ἕως ἂν αἴθῃ πῦρ ἐφ' ἑστίας ἐμῆς A. Ag. 1435; πυρὶ δέχεσθαί τινα E. Or. 47; τὸ π. τὸ ἀθάνατον the fire of Vesta, Plu. Numbers 9:1-23, etc.; deified, Πῦρ ἀθάνατον SIG 826 ii 14 (Delph., ii B.C. ).
5. lightning, κεραυνὸς ἀενάου πυρός Pi. P. 1.6; πῦρ πνέοντος κεραυνοῦ Id. Fr. 146; πυρὸς ἀμφήκης βόστρυχος A. Pr. 1044 (anap.); πυρὶ καὶ στεροπαῖς S. OT 470 (anap.); παλτῷ ῥιπτεῖ πυρί Id. Ant. 131 (anap.); θείῳ πυρὶ παμφαής Id. Ph. 728 (lyr.). fire, light, or heat of the sun, θερινὸν π., opp. χειμών, Pi. P. 3.50, cf. Pl. Lg. 865b; of the stars, π. πνείοντα ἄστρα S. Ant. 1146 (lyr.); summer solstice, Alcm. 79, Paul.Al. A. 3.
6. flame of torches, S. Ant. 964 (lyr.), etc.; π. εὐάγγελον, ἄγγαρον, πομπόν, of the beacon fire, A. Ag. 21, 282, 299 .
7. fever heat, violent fever, πῦρ ἔλαβέν [τινα ] Hp. Epid. 1.26 . ή, al.; ὁ δ' ἔχων θέρμαν καὶ π. ἧκεν Ar. Fr. 690; τεταρταίῳ πυρί Call. Aet. 3.1.17; π. ἄγριον Hp. Epid. 7.20 (of erysipelas acc. to Gal. 19.134).
II phrases, ἐν πυρὶ γενέσθαι to be consumed, come to nothing, Il. 2.340; φεύγων καπνὸν εἰς πῦρ δεσποτείας ἐμπεπτωκώς 'out of the frying pan into the fire, Pl. R. 569b, cf. Prov. ap. Simp. in Epict. p.72 D.; ἦν ἄρα πυρός γ' ἕτερα θερμότερα Ar. Eq. 382; πῦρ ἐπὶ πῦρ ἐγχεῖν, ἄγειν, φέρειν, ἐπεισφέρειν, Cratin. 18, Ar. Fr. 453, Arist. Pr. 880a21, Plu. 2.61a; εἰς π. ξαίνειν 'plough the sands', Pl. Lg. 780c; βασανίζειν χρυσὸν ἐν πυρί Id. R. 413e, cf. Plb. 21.20.7: as a type of things irresistible or terrible, ἀντίος εἶμι, καὶ εἰ πυρὶ χεῖρας ἔοικε Il. 20.371; μάρναντο δέμας πυρὸς αἰθομένοιο 11.596, al.; Ἕκτωρ πυρὸς αἰνὸν ἔχει μένος 17.565, cf. 6.182; so τὸ πεπρωμένον οὐ π. σχήσει Pi. Fr. 232; κρεῖσσον ἀμαιμακέτου πυρός S. OT 177; οὐδὲν θηρίον γυναικὸς ἀμαχώτερον, οὐδὲ π. Ar. Lys. 1015; ἀναρχία κρείσσων πυρός E. Hec. 608; ἐχίδνης καὶ πυρὸς περαιτέρω Id. Andr. 271; so διὰ πυρὸς ἰέναι (as we say) to go through fire and water, dash through any danger, X. Smp. 4.16, cf. Oec. 21.7, Ar. Lys. 133; but διὰ πυρὸς ἦλθε ἑτέρῳ λέχεϊ she raged furiously against the other partner of the bed, E. Andr. 487 (lyr.); διὰ πυρὸς ἔμολον ματρί Id. El. 1183 (lyr.); σωθήσεται οὕτω δὲ ὡς διὰ πυρός 1 Corinthians 3:15; εἰς π. ἅλλεσθαι X. Mem. 1.3.9; κἂν εἰς π. ἐμβαῖεν Lib. Ep. 314.3; π. διέρπειν S. Ant. 265; of persons, ὦ π. σύ . . Id. Ph. 927; of Hannibal, Plu. Flam. 21: metaph. of anxious hope, θάλπει τῷδ' ἀνηκέστῳ πυρί S. El. 888; of love, ἀρσενικῷ θέρεται π. Call. Epigr. 27.5, cf. 45.2 . (Cf. Arm. hur, O E. fyr 'fire', etc.)
πῦρ, genitive πυρός, τό (probably from Sanskritpu, 'to purify' (cf. German fever); Vanicek, p. 541; Curtius, § 385), from Homer down; Hebrew אֵשׁ; fire: Matthew 3:10, 12; Matthew 7:19; Matthew 17:15; Mark 9:22; Luke 3:9, 17; Luke 9:54; John 15:6; Acts 2:19; Acts 28:5; 1 Corinthians 3:13; Hebrews 11:34; James 3:5; James 5:3; Revelation 8:5, 7; Revelation 9:17, 18; Revelation 11:5; Revelation 13:13; Revelation 14:18; Revelation 15:2; Revelation 16:8; Revelation 20:9; ά῾πτειν πῦρ, to kindle a fire, Luke 22:55 (T Tr text WH περιαψάντων); ἔβρεξε πῦρ καί θεῖον, Luke 17:29; κατακαίειν τί ἐν (T omits; WH brackets ἐν) πυρί, Revelation 17:16; Revelation 18:8; καίομαι πυρί, Matthew 13:40 (R L T WH κατακαίεται); Hebrews 12:18 (Winer's Grammar, § 31, 7 d.); Revelation 8:8; Revelation 21:8; φλόξ πυρός, a fiery flame or flame of fire, Acts 7:30; 2 Thessalonians 1:8 L text Tr text; Hebrews 1:7; Revelation 1:14; Revelation 2:18; Revelation 19:12 (Exodus 3:2, the Alex. manuscript; Isaiah 29:6); πῦρ φλογός, a flaming fire or fire of flame, 2 Thessalonians 1:8 R G L marginal reading T Tr marginal reading WH (Exodus 3:2, the Vaticanus manuscript; Sir. 45:19); λαμπάδες πυρός, lamps of fire, Revelation 4:5; στῦλοι πυρός, Revelation 10:1; ἄνθρακες πυρός coals of fire, Romans 12:20 (see ἄνθραξ); γλῶσσαι ὡσεί πυρός, which had the shape of little flames, Acts 2:3; δοκιμάζειν διά πυρός, 1 Peter 1:7; πυροῦσθαι (see πυρόω, b.) ἐκ πυρός, Revelation 3:18; ὡς διά πυρός, as one who in a conflagration has escaped through the fire not uninjured, i. e. dropping the figure, not without damage, 1 Corinthians 3:15; מֵאֵשׁ מֻצָּל, Zechariah 3:2, cf. Amos 4:11. of the fire of hell we find the following expressions — which are to be taken either tropically (of the extreme penal torments which the wicked are to undergo after their life on earth; so in the discourses of Jesus), or literally (so apparently in the Apocalypse): τό πῦρ, Mark 9:44, 46,(T WH omit; Tr brackets both verses),48; τό πῦρ τό αἰώνιον, Matthew 18:8; Matthew 25:41, cf. 4 Macc. 12:12; ἄσβεστον, Mark 9:43, 45 (G T Tr WH omit; L brackets the clause); πυρός αἰωνίου δίκην ὑπέχειν, Jude 1:7; γηννα τοῦ πυρός, Matthew 5:22; Matthew 18:9; Mark 9:47 (R G Tr brackets); κάμινος τοῦ πυρός, Matthew 13:42, 50 (Daniel 3:6); ἡ λίμνη τοῦ πυρός, Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10, 14, 15; πυρί τηρεῖσθαι, 2 Peter 3:7; βασανισθῆναι ἐν πυρί, Revelation 14:10 (cf. Luke 16:24); βαπτίζειν τινα πυρί (see βαπτίζω, II.
b. bb.), Matthew 3:11; Luke 3:16. the tongue is called πῦρ, as though both itself on fire and setting other things on fire, partly by reason of the fiery spirit which governs it, partly by reason of the destructive power it exercises, James 3:6; since fire disorganizes and sunders things joined together and compact, it is used to symbolize dissension, Luke 12:49. Metaphorical expressions: ἐκ πυρός ἁρπάζειν, to snatch from danger of destruction, Jude 1:23; πυρί ἁλίζεσθαι (see ἁλίζω), Mark 9:49; ζῆλος πυρός, fiery, burning anger (see ζῆλος, 1), Hebrews 10:27 (πῦρ ζήλου, Zephaniah 1:18; Zephaniah 3:8); God is called πῦρ καταναλίσκον, as one who when angry visits the obdurate with penal destruction, Hebrews 12:29.
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πῦρ ,
gen., πυρός , τό ,
[in LXX chiefly and very freq. for H784;]
fire: Mark 9:22, Luke 3:9, John 15:6, Acts 2:10, 1 Corinthians 3:13, James 3:5, Revelation 8:5, al; Papyri καὶ θεῖον , Luke 17:29; κατακαίειν (ἐν ) Papyri, Matthew 13:40, Revelation 17:16; Revelation 18:8; καίεσθαι πυρί , Hebrews 12:18, Revelation 8:8; Revelation 21:8; φλὸξ πυρός , Acts 7:30, 2 Thessalonians 1:8, Hebrews 1:7, Revelation 1:14; Revelation 2:18; Revelation 19:12; λαμπάδες πυρός , Revelation 4:5; στῦλοι πυρός , Revelation 10:1; ἄνθρακες πυρός ,, Romans 12:20 (LXX); γλῶσσαι ὡσεὶ πυρός , Acts 2:3; δοκιμάζειν (πυροῦσθαι ) διὰ πυρός , 1 Peter 1:7, Revelation 3:18; ὡς διὰ . Papyri (Lft., Notes, 193), 1 Corinthians 3:15. Of the fire of hell (cf. Dalman, Words,161): Mark 9:48 (LXX); τὸ Papyri τὸ αἰώνιον , Matthew 18:8; Matthew 25:41 (cf. 4 Maccabees 12:12); ἄσβεστον , Mark 9:43; πυρὸς αἰωνίου δίκην ὑπέχειν , Judges 1:7; γέεννα τοῦ π ,, Matthew 5:22; Matthew 18:9; κάμινος τοῦ π ,, Matthew 13:42; Matthew 13:50; ἡ λίμνη τοῦ π ,, Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10; Revelation 20:14-15; πυρὶ τηρεῖσθαι , 2 Peter 3:7; βασανισθῆναι ἐν Papyri, Revelation 14:10. Metaph.: βαπτίζειν πυρί , Luke 3:16; of the tongue, James 3:5; of strife and discord, Luke 12:49; ἐκ Papyri ἁρπάζειν , Judges 1:23; πυρὶ αλίζεσθαι , Mark 9:49; ζῆλος πυρός , Hebrews 10:27; of God, π , καταναλίσκον , Hebrews 12:29 (LXX).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
