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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4053 - περισσός
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- exceeding some number or measure or rank or need
- over and above, more than is necessary, superadded
- exceeding abundantly, supremely
- something further, more, much more than all, more plainly
- superior, extraordinary, surpassing, uncommon
- pre-eminence, superiority, advantage, more eminent, more remarkable, more excellent
- over and above, more than is necessary, superadded
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
περισσός,
Att. περιττός, ή, όν, (from περί, as ἔπισσαι from ἐπί, μέτασσαι from μετά )
beyond the regular number or size, prodigious, δῶρα Hes. Th. 399 (never in Hom. ); μος Trag.Adesp. 458.3; στάθμα, dub.sens., v. ἕλκω B. 3.
2. out of the common, extraordinary, strange, ἔ τι περισσὸν εἰδείη if he has any signal knowledge, Thgn. 769; εἴ τι φρονεῖς καί τι περισσὸν ἔχεις Philisc.( PLG 2.327); π. λόγος S. OT 841; ἄγρα E. Ba. 1197 (lyr.); πάθος Id. Supp. 791 (lyr.); βίος οὐδὲν ἔχων π. ἀλλὰ πάντα σμικρά Antipho Soph. 51; οὐ γὰρ π. οὐδὲν οὐδ' ἔξω λόγου πέπονθας E. Hipp. 437; περισσότερα παθήματα Antipho 3.4.5; τὰ π. τῶν ἔργων καὶ τερατώδη Isoc. 12.77; ἴδια καὶ π . Id. 15.145; π. καὶ θαυμαστά Arist. EN 1141b6; πρᾶξις π . Id. Pol. 1312a27; οὐθὲν δὴ λέγοντες π. φαίνονταί τι λέγειν Id. Metaph. 1053b3; τί π. ποιεῖτε; Ev.Matthew 5:47; περιττοτάτη φύσις Arist. HA 531a9; συνανθρωπίζον . . πάντων περισσότατον, of the dog, Ath. 13.611c, cf. Clearch. 24; in Literature, striking, τὸ περιττόν, as a quality of οἱ τοῦ Σωκράτους λόγοι, Arist. Pol. 1265a11; τὰ σοφὰ καὶ τὰ π . refinements, Epicur. Fr. 409; opp. κοινὸς καὶ δημώδης, Longin. 40.2 (but also, elaborate, π. καὶ πεποιημένος Id. 3.4; in bad sense, far-fetched, D.H. Pomp. 2, Dem. 56 ).
3. of persons, extraordinary, remarkable, esp. for great learning, π. ὢν ἀνήρ E. Hipp. 948; τοὺς . . π. καί τι πράσσοντας πλέον Id. Fr. 788; δυστυχεῖς εἶναι τοὺς π . Arist. Metaph. 983a2; π. γένος τῶν μελιττῶν Id. GA 760a4: freq. with the manner added, π. κατὰ φιλοσοφίαν Id. Pr. 953a10; περὶ τὸν ἄλλον βίον περιττότερος somewhat extravagant or eccentric, Id. Pol. 1267 b24; τῇ φύσει π . Id. HA 622b6; κάλλει Plu. Demetr. 2; ἐν ἅπασι Id. Dem. 3; τὴν ὥραν Alciphr. 1.12: c. inf., D.H. Comp. 18 .
4. c. gen., περισσὸς ἄλλων πρός τι beyond others in . ., S. El. 155; θύσει τοῦδε περισσότερα greater things than this, AP 6.321 (Leon. Alex. ); περιττότερος προφήτου one greater than . ., Ev.Matthew 11:9 .
II more than sufficient, superfluous, αἱ π. δαπάναι X. Mem. 3.6.6; περιττὸν ἔχειν to have a surplus, Id. An. 7.6.31; οἱ μὲν . . περιττὰ ἔχουσιν, οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ τὰ ἀναγκαῖα . . Id. Oec. 20.1: c. gen., τῶν ἀρκούντων περιττά more than sufficient, Id. Cyr. 8.2.21; τὰ π. τῶν ἱκανῶν Id. Hier. 1.19: freq. in military sense, οἱ π. ἱππεῖς the reserve horse, Id. Eq.Mag. 8.14; οἱ π. τῆς φυλακῆς ib. 7.7; π. σκηναί spare tents, Id. Cyr. 4.6.12 (but τοῖς περιττοῖς χρήσεσθαι their superior numbers, Id. An. 4.8.11, cf. Cyr. 6.3.20 ); τὸ π . the surplus, residue, Inscr. ap. eund. An. 5.3.13 (but τὸ π. τοῦ Ἰουδαίου the advantage of the Jew, Ep.Romans 3:1 ); Ἁρπυιῶν τὰ π . their leavings, AP 11.239 ( Lucill. ); τὸ π. τῆς ἡμέρας the remainder of the day, X.Ephesians 1:3; π. γράμματα supplementary provisions in a will, BGU 326ii9 (ii A.D.) .
2. in bad sense, superfluous, useless, οὐδέ τι τοῦ παντὸς κενεὸν πέλει οὐδὲ π . Emp. 13; μόχθος π . A. Pr. 385, cf. S. Ant. 780; π. κἀνόνητα σώματα Id. Aj. 758; βάρος π. γῆς ἀναστρωφώμενοι Id. Fr. 945; ἄχθος Id. El. 1241 (lyr.); τὰ γὰρ π. πανταχοῦ λυπήρ' ἔπη Id. Fr. 82; αὐδῶ σε μὴ περισσὰ κηρύσσειν A. Th. 1048; π. πάντες οὑν μέσῳ λόγοι E. Med. 819; π. φωνῶν Id. Supp. 459 .
3. excessive, extravagant, μηχανᾶσθαι περισσά commit extravagances, Hdt. 2.32; περισσὰ δρᾶν, πράσσειν, to be over -busy, S. Tr. 617, Ant. 68; π. φρονεῖν to be over -wise, E. Fr. 924 (anap.); ἡ π. αὕτη ἐπιμέλεια τοῦ σώματος Pl. R. 407b; μῆκος πολὺ λόγων π . Id. Lg. 645c; redundant, overdone, οἱ καρτεροὶ καὶ π. λόγοι Id. Ax. 365c, etc.; of dress, ἐσθὴς π . Plu. 2.615d; περισσοτέρα λύπη Cor. 2.7; τοῦ τὰ δέοντ' ἔχειν περιττὰ μισῶ I hate extravagance in comparison with moderation, Alex. 254, etc.
4. of persons, over-wise, over-curious, περισσὸς καὶ φρονῶν μέγα E. Hipp. 445, cf. Ba. 429 (lyr.); ὁ πολυπράγμων καὶ π . Plb. 9.1.4; τὴν περὶ τὸ σῶμα θεραπείαν ἀκριβὴς καὶ π . Plu. Cic. 8; so, of speakers, π. ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Δημοσθένης Aeschin. 1.119 .
5. as a term of praise, subtle, acute, ἀκριβὴς καὶ π. διάνοια Arist. Top. 141b13 .
III Arith., ἀριθμὸς π . an odd, uneven number, opp. ἄρτιος, Epich. 170.7, Philol. 5, Pl. Prt. 356e, etc.; π. ἡμέραι Hp. Aph. 4.61; τὸ π. καὶ τὸ ἄρτιον the nature of odd and even, Pl. Grg. 451c, etc.; π. χῶραι the odd places in a verse, Heph. 5.1; ἀρτιάκις π. ἀριθμός a number divisible by an odd number an even number of times, as 2, 6, 10, Euc. 7 Def. 9. περισσότεροι more in number, extra, Carnead. ap. S.E. M. 9.140 . περιττόν, τό, = στρύχνος μανικός, θρύον 11, Thphr. HP 9.11.6; περισσόν Dsc. 4.73; περίσκον Orib. 12.8.56 . Adv. περισσῶς extraordinarily, exceedingly, θεοσεβέεες π. ἐόντες Hdt. 2.37; ἐπαινέσεται π . E. Ba. 1197 (lyr.); π. παῖδας ἐκδιδάσκεσθαι to have them educated overmuch, Id. Med. 295; περιττοτέρως τῶν ἄλλων far above all others, Isoc. 3.44; περισσότερον τοῦ ἑνός Luc. Pr.Im. 14; also περισσά Pi. N. 7.43, E. Hec. 579, etc.
2. remarkably, περισσότερον τῶν ἄλλων θάψαι τινά more sumptuously, Hdt. 2.129; οἴκησις π. ἐσκευασμένη Plb. 1.29.7; περιττότατα ἔχειν to be most remarkable, Arist. HA 589a31; κοσμουμένη π. καὶ σεμνῶς Plu. 2.145e; περισσότατα ἀνθρώπων θρησκεύειν in the most singular way, D.C. 37.17; ἡδέως καὶ π . in an uncommon manner, D.H. Comp. 3; εἰπεῖν στρογγύλως καὶ π . Id. Is. 20; ἰδίως καὶ π . Plu. Thes. 19; τὰ καινῶς ἱστορούμενα καὶ π . Id. 2.30d.
3. abundantly, ἐχέτω π. τῆς κρόκης Alciphr. 3.41 .
4. with a neg., οὐδὲν περισσὸν τούτων nothing more than or beyond these, Antipho 3.4.6; οὐδὲν τῶν ἄλλων περιττότερον πραγματεύεσθαι Pl. Revelation 20:1-15 c; οὐδὲν π. ἢ εἰ . . no otherwise than if . ., Id. Smp. 219c; περισσόν alone, furthermore, LXX Ecclesiastes 12:12,al.
5. τὰ περισσά in vain, AP 12.182 ( Strat. ). II ἐκ περιττοῦ superfluously, uselessly, Pl. Prt. 338c, Sph. 265e; but ὑπερέχειν ἐκ π . to be far superior, Id. Lg. 734d, cf. 802d; ἡ κάμινος ἐκαύθη ἐκ π . Thd. Daniel 3:22; ἐκ π. χρησάμενος τῇ παρρησίᾳ Luc. Pro Merc.Cond. 13; cf. ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ .
περισσός, περισσή, περισσόν (from περί, which see III. 2), from Hesiod down, the Sept. for יותֵר, יֶתֶר, etc.; exceeding some number or measure or rank or need;
1. over and above, more than is necessary, superadded: τό περισσόν τούτων, what is added to (A. V. more than; cf. Buttmann, § 132, 21 Rem.) these, Matthew 5:37; ἐκ περισσοῦ, exceedingly, beyond measure, Mark 6:51 (WH omits; Tr brackets ἐκ περισσοῦ); Mark 14:31 Rec.; ὑπέρ ἐκ περισσοῦ (written as one word ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ (which see)), exceeding abundantly, supremely, Ephesians 3:20 (cf. Buttmann, as above); 1 Thessalonians 3:10; 1 Thessalonians 5:13 (R G WH text); περισσόν μοι ἐστιν, it is superfluous for me, 2 Corinthians 9:1; περισσόν ἔχειν, to have abundance, John 10:10 (οἱ μέν ... περισσά ἔχουσιν, οἱ δέ οὐδέ τά ἀναγκαῖά δύνανται πορίζεσθαι, Xenophon, oec. 20, 1); neuter comparitive περισσότερον τί, something further, more, Luke 12:4 (L Tr marginal reading περισσόν); περισσότερον, the more, Luke 12:48; (περισσότερον πάντων, etc. much more than all etc. Mark 12:33 T Tr text WH); adverbially, somewhat more (R. V. somewhat abundantly), 2 Corinthians 10:8; (Vulg. abundantius (A. V. more abundantly)) i. e. more plainly, Hebrews 6:17; μᾶλλον περισσότερον, much more, Mark 7:36; περισσότερον πάντων, more (abundantly) than all, 1 Corinthians 15:10; with an adjective it forms a periphrasis for the comparitive περισσότερον κατάδηλόν, more (abundantly) evident, Hebrews 7:15 (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 35, 1).
2. superior, extraordinary, surpassing, uncommon: Matthew 5:47 (A. V. more than others); τό περισσόν, as a substantive, pre-eminence, superiority, advantage, Romans 3:1; comparitive περισσότερος, more eminent, more remarkable (οὐκ ἔσῃ περισσότερος, Genesis 49:3 Symm.; περιττοτερος φρονήσει, Plutarch, mor., p. 57 f. de adulatore etc. 14): Matthew 11:9; Luke 7:26, although in each passage περισσότερον can also be taken as neuter (something) more excellent (Vulg. plus (R. V. much more than etc.)); with substantives: περισσότερον κρίμα, i. e. a severer, heavier judgment, Matthew 23:14-13Rec.; Mark 12:40; Luke 20:47; τιμή, greater honor, more (abundant) honor, 1 Corinthians 12:23{a} (1 Corinthians 12:24; εὐσχημοσύνη, 1 Corinthians 12:23b); λύπη, 2 Corinthians 2:7.
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περισσός , -ή , -όν ,
[in LXX for H3499 and cogn. forms;]
1. more than sufficient, over and above, abundant: John 10:10, 2 Corinthians 9:1; c. gen. (a popular substitute for πλειών , Bl., § 11, 3.4), Matthew 5:37; id. c. ellips. gen., Matthew 5:47 (EV, more than others; but v. infr.); εκ περισσοῦ , Mark 6:51, Rec., T. (on ὑπὲρ ὲκ Papyri, see ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ ). Compar. neut., -ότερον : Luke 12:4; Luke 12:48; c. gen., Mark 12:33; adverbially (cf. περισσῶς ), more abundantly, 2 Corinthians 10:8, Hebrews 6:17; Hebrews 7:15; c. gen., Papyri πάντων , 1 Corinthians 15:10; pleonast., μᾶλλον Papyri, Mark 7:36.
2. out of the common, pre-eminent, superior: Matthew 5:47 (Thayer, s.v., but v. supr.); τὸ Papyri, as subst., Romans 3:1; compar., -ότερος , c. gen., Matthew 11:9, Luke 7:26; c. subst., Mark 12:40, Luke 20:47, 1 Corinthians 12:23-24, 2 Corinthians 2:7.†
*† εκ -περισσῶς ,
adv.,
more exceedingly: Mark 14:31 (of. ὑπερπερ -).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
