Bible Lexicons

μακρός, ά, όν

[ᾰ by nature], long, whether of Space or Time,

I of Space,

1 in length, long, δόρυ Il. 7.140; νέες, νῆες μ. ships of war, Hdt. 7.21, Th. 1.41, etc. (collect. in sg., A. Pers. 380); πλοῖα μ. Hdt. 5.30, Th. 1.14; ἐπὶ τὰ -ότερα measured by the longer sides, i. e. length-wise, Hdt. 1.50; τὰ μ. τείχη the long walls of Athens, Th. 8.71, etc.; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ σκέλει τῷ πὸτ τῷ Ποτειδανίῳ SIG 247 iii 11 (Delph., iv B. C.); ἡ μακρά (sc. γραμμή), line traced by δικασταί to indicate the heavier penalty, Ar. V. 106; ὁ μ. δρόμος the long-distance torch-race, SIG 1068.9 (Patmos, iii/ii B. C.), al., OGI 339.83 (Sestos, ii B. C.).

2. in height, tall, high, μ. Ὄλυμπος, οὔρεα, δένδρεα, κίων, Il. 15.193, 13.18, 9.541, Od. 1.127, etc.; of a man, μακρότερον καὶ πάσσονα θῆκεν ἰδέσθαι 8.20, cf. 18.195; μ. πύκτης PLond. 3.1158.6 (iii A. D.). reversely, deep, φρείατα Il. 21.197; φάραγξ Herod. 8.17.

3. in distance, long, far, remote, κέλευθος Il. 15.358; οἶμος Hes. Op. 290; ναυτιλίαι Hdt. 1.1; στόλος S. Ph. 490; μ. ἐπιβοήθειαι long marches to aid, X. Cyr. 5.4.47; remote, ἀποικία A. Pr. 814; τὰ μακρότατα the remotest parts, Hdt. 2.32: freq. in neut. sg. and pl. as Adv., μακρὰ βιβάς, βιβάσθων, with long strides, Il. 7.213, 13.809; μακρὰ ῥίψαις, δισκήσαις, Pi. P. 1.45, I. 2.35; - ότερον σφενδονᾶν X. An. 3.4.16; μακρὸν ἀῧσαι, βοᾶν, to shout so as to be heard afar, i. e. loudly, Il. 3.81, 2.224; μακρὰ μεμυκώς 18.580; μακρὸν ἠχεῖν Pl. Prt. 329a; κλάειν σε μακρὰ κελεύσας Ar. Eq. 433 (v. κλαίω and infr. v); later by analogy, μακρὰ χαίρειν φράσας τῷ ναυπηγῷ Luc. Nav. 2, cf. Apol. 3, al., D.C. 46.3; cf. μακράν.

4. generally, large in size or degree, great, ἤπειρος A. Eu. 75; ὄλβος Pi. P. 2.26; πλοῦτος S. Aj. 130; τιμήματα Arist. Pol. 1278a23, cf. 1297b4 (Sup.); οὐσία ib. 1290b16, 1321a11; μακροτέρα ἀρετά Pi. I. 4(3).13; ἐλπίσαντες μακρότερα μὲν τῆς δυνάμεως, ἐλάσσω δὲ τῆς βουλήσεως Th. 3.39; μ. τραπεζῖται, perh. big bankers, Cat.Cod. Astr. 7.222.

5. dat. μακρῷ, to strengthen Comp. and Sup., by far, μ. πρῶτος Hdt. 1.34; ἄριστος μ. Id. 9.71; ἀσθενεστέρα μ. A. Pr. 514, cf. Pl. Phlb. 66e; μ. μάλιστα Hdt. 1.171, cf. A. Eu. 30, etc.; κάκιστα δὴ μ. S. Ant. 895: also with Verbs implying comparison, ἀριστεύει μ. A. Pr. 890 (lyr.), cf. D.H. 1.2.

II

1. of Time, long (Hom. only in Od.), ἤματα, νύξ, 10.470, 11.373; αἰών v. l. in Pi. N. 3.75; μ. χρόνος Hdt. 1.32, etc.; οὐ μ. χρόνου for no long time, S. Ant. 1078, etc.; διὰ μ. χρόνου A. Pers. 741 (troch.); ἐν χρόνῳ μ. S. OC 88, etc.; δι' αἰῶνος μ. A. Supp. 582 (lyr.); τὸν μ. βίον Id. Pr. 449; τοῦ μ. βίου S. Aj. 473; μηνὶ -ότερος by a month, Hdt. 1.32; μακρῷ (cf. 1.5) πρότερον Gal. 8.958; μ. ἐέλδωρ a long-cherished wish, Od. 23.54; μ. γόοι, ὀδύρματα, S. El. 375, E. Hec. 297.

2. long, tedious, Pi. N. 4.33, etc.; λόγοι S. El. 1335, Th. 3.60, etc.; μακρὰν ἔοικε λέξειν (sc. ῥῆσιν) Ar. Th. 382; οὐδὲ εἷς Ὅμηρον εἴρηκεν μακρόν Philem. 97.7; μακρόν [ἐστι ] c. inf., Lat. longum est, Pi. I. 6(5).56; μ. ἂν εἴη γράφειν X. Ages. 7.1. Adv. - ρῶς, λέγεσθαι Antiph. 268: Comp. - ότερον, ποιεῖς you are taking too long, PCair.Zen. 48.4 (iii B. C.), cf. Philippid. 21.

3. Gramm., long in quantity, φωνήεντα Arist. Po. 1458a11, D.H. Comp. 15; μακρά (sc. συλλαβή), ἡ, A.D. Pron. 92.12; ἡ φύσει μ. Id. Adv. 179.16: Comp., φωνήεντι μακροτέρῳ Arist. Po. 1458a1; also μακρά (sc. προσῳδία), ἡ, mark of long quantity, S.E. M. 1.113, D.T. Supp. 674.7; ᾱ μακρόν A.D. Pron. 112. 6.

III

1. neut. with Preps. in adverb. sense, διὰ μακροῦ (sc. χρόνου) after a long time, long delayed, E. Hec. 320, Ph. 1069; οὐ διὰ μακροῦ not long after, Th. 6.15, 91, Pl. Alc. 2.151b (also of place, οὐ διὰ μ. τῆς Ῥώμης D.H. 9.56); διὰ μακρῶν E. Fr. 420.1; διὰ μακρᾶς Phalar. 69.1; but διὰ μακρῶν at great length, Pl. Grg. 449b, etc.; διὰ μακροτέρων Isoc. 4.106; μικρῷ διὰ μ. at somewhat greater length, Arist. Pol. 1279b11.

2. ὄλβος οὐκ ἐς μακρὸν ἔρχεται for no long time, Pi. P. 3.105; ἐς τὰ μακρότατα to the utmost, Th. 6.31; v. cross μακράν 11.

3. ἐπὶ μακρόν far, a long way, πορεύεσθαι X. Cyr. 5.4.47; of Time, Call. Del. 255; ὅσον ἐπὶ μακρότατον οἷοί τε ἐγενόμεθα ἐξικέσθαι ἀκοῇ Hdt. 4.16, cf. 2.34 (ἐπὶ omitted 1.171 codd.); τοσόνδε ἐπὶ μ. ἐπυθόμην Id. 2.29; ἐπὶ μακρότερον yet more, Th. 4.41. regul. Comp. and Sup., v. supr.: irreg. Comp. μάσσων, Sup. μήκιστος, v. sub vocc. Adv. - ρῶς at great length, opp. συντόμως, Arist. Rh. 1416b4; slowly, Plb. 3.51.2; μ. ἔχειν τοῖν σκέλοιν have long legs, Philostr. Gym. 31; of pronunciation, D.H. Comp. 15; μ. ἐκφέρειν συλλαβήν Str. 13.1.68: but the Adv. is usu. expressed by neut. μακρόν or μακρά, cf. supr. 1.3; μακρὰ κλάειν to howl loudly, Ar. Th. 211; οἰμώξει μ. Id. Av. 1207, Pl. 111; ὀτοτύζεσθαι μ. Id. Lys. 520; τί μακρὰ δεῖ λέγειν; Antiph. 33.5; also by μακράν (v. sub voc.); or by neut. with a Pr, v. supr. 111: for Comp. and Sup. of the Adv., v. cross μακροτέρως, μακροτάτω: neut. pl. - ότερα as Adv., Pl. Phdr. 250c, al. — Fem. μακρά not to be confused with μάκρα (q. v.). (Cf. Avest. mas -'long', Lat. ma cer.)