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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2453 - Ἰουδαῖος
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- Jewish, belonging to the Jewish nation
- Jewish as respects to birth, origin, religion
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Ἰουδαῖος, ὁ,
a Jew: Ἰουδαία,
a Jewess; ἡ Ἰουδαία (sc. γῆ)
Judaea: — Ἰουδα-ϊκός, ή, όν,
Jewish, LXX 2 Maccabees 8:11, etc. Adv. -κῶς J. BJ 6.1.3, Galatians 2:14, Cod.Just. 1.1.7.4:
Ἰουδαῖος, Ἰουδαία, Ἰουδαῖον (Ιουδα) (Aristotle (in Josephus, contra Apion 1, 22, 7 where see Müller), Polybius, Diodorus, Strabo, Plutarch, others; the Sept.; (cf. Sophocles Lexicon, under the word)), Jewish;
a. joined to nouns, belonging to the Jewish race: ἀνήρ, Acts 10:28; Acts 22:3 (1 Macc. 2:23); ἄνθρωπος, Acts 21:39; ψευδοπροφήτης, Acts 13:6; ἀρχιερεύς, Acts 19:14; γυνή, Acts 16:1; Acts 24:24; γῆ, John 3:22; χώρα, Mark 1:5.
b. without a noun, substantively, Jewish as respects birth, race, religion; a Jew: John 4:9; Acts 18:2, 24; Romans 2:23f; plural, Revelation 2:9; Revelation 3:9; οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι (יְהוּדִים, before the exile citizens of the kingdom of Judah; after the exile all the Israelites (cf. Wright in B. D. under the word
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'Ιουδαῖος , -αία , -αῖον
(< Ἰούδας ),
Jewish: ἀνήρ , Acts 10:28; Acts 22:3; ἄνθρωπος , Acts 21:39; ψευδοπροφήτης , Acts 13:6; ἀρχιερεύς , Acts 19:14; γυνή , Acts 16:1; Acts 24:24; γῆ , John 3:22; χώρα , Mark 1:5. Substantively,
(a) Ἰουδαῖος , ὁ , a Jew: John 4:9 Acts 18:24, Romans 2:28; pl., Revelation 2:9; Revelation 3:9; οἱ Ἰ ., Matthew 2:2, Mark 7:3, John 2:6, al.; Ἰ . τε καὶ Ἕλληνες , Acts 14:1, al.; κ . προσήλυτοι , Acts 2:10; ἔθνη τε κ . Ἰ ., Acts 14:5; οἱ κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη Ἰ ., Acts 21:21; of Jewish Christians, Galatians 2:13; of the ruling class who opposed Jesus, John 1:19; John 2:18; John 5:10; John 11:8; John 13:33, al.;
(b) Ἰουδαία , -ας , ἡ (sc. γῆ , χώρα , cf. John 3:22, Mark 1:5), (Heb. H3063), Judea: Matthew 2:1, Luke 1:5, John 4:3, al.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
There is abundant evidence from our sources of the large part which Jews played in Egypt, a special district (ἄμφοδος) or Ghetto being assigned to them in such towns as Alexandria, Oxyrhynchus, and Apollinopolis Magna. Many questions are thereby raised into which we cannot enter here, but one or two citations of a general kind may be of interest. Thus from Apollinopolis Magna from late Ptolemaic times we have the two following dedicatory inscrr. : Εὐλογεῖ τὸν θεὸν Πτολεμαῖος Διονυσίου Ἰουδαῖος, and Θεοῦ εὐλογία. Θεόδοτος Δωρίωνος Ἰουδαῖος σωθεὶς ἐκ [Τρω ]γο [δ ]υ [τῶν (Lepsius Denkmäler, XII. Taf. 11 Nr. 136, 144 cited in Meyer Ostraca, p. 149). On the other hand, CIG 3418 οἱ ποτὲ Ἰουδαῖοι seems to point to Jews converted from Judaism to heathenism. The earliest known reference to the Jews as money-lenders (cf. Wilcken Archiv iv. p. 567) occurs in a private letter to a man in money difficulties, BGU. IV. 1079.25 (A.D. 41) (= Selections, p. 40) ὡς ἂν πάντες καὶ σὺ βλέπε σατὸν ἀπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ";like everybody else, you too must beware of the Jews."; P Oxy IX. 1189.9 (c. A.D.117) is a letter of a strategus relating to a schedule of ";property which belonged to the Jews";—τῶν τοῖς [Ἰ ]ουδαίοις ὑπαρξάντων. The editor thinks that ";it is highly probable that the papyrus belongs to the period of the great Jewish outbreak which occurred in the previous year, and was not ended until after the accession of Hadrian."; With this may be compared the interesting fragments of an Alexandrian papyrus, edited by Wilcken under the title ";Ein Aktenstück zum jüdischen Kriege"; (Hermes xxvii. (1892), p. 464 ff.), in which, in an audience before the Emperor Trajan, the Jews complain that the Egyptian Prefect, M. Rutilius Lupus, has mockingly ordered their ";king"; of the carnival to be brought before him—i. 5 ff. προάγειν αὐ [τ ]οὺς [ἐ ]κέλευε χλευάζων τὸν [ἀ ]πὸ [σ ]κηνῆς καὶ ἐκ μείμου (l. μίμου) βασιλέα : cf. John 19:8, and for a somewhat different explanation of the circumstances see Reinach Revue des Etudes Juives xxvii. (1893), p. 70 ff., and Textes relatifs au Judaisme (1895), p. 218 ff.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
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