the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #228 - ἀληθινός
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- that which has not only the name and resemblance, but the real nature corresponding to the name, in every respect corresponding to the idea signified by the name, real, true genuine
- opposite to what is fictitious, counterfeit, imaginary, simulated or pretended
- it contrasts realities with their semblances
- opposite to what is imperfect defective, frail, uncertain
- true, veracious, sincere
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ἀληθῐνός, ή, όν,
I agreeable to truth:
1. of persons, truthful, trusty, στράτευμα, φίλοι, X. An. 1.9.17, D. 9.12, cf. Posidipp. 26. Adv. -νῶς, φιλεῖν X. Smp. 9.5: Sup. -ώτατα Plb. 39.37.
2. of things, true, genuine, Pl. R. 499c, Arist. EN 1107a31 (Comp.); esp. of purple, πορφυρίς X. Oec. 10.3, cf. Edict.Diocl. 24.6; ἰχθύς Amph.26; πέλαγος Men. 65; λόγος Id. Sam. 114; τὰ ἀ. real objects, opp. τὰ γεγραμμένα, Arist. Pol. 1281b12; of persons, ἐς ἀ. ἄνδρ' ἀποβῆναι to turn out a genuine man, Theoc. 13.15: Astron., true (opp. φαινόμενος apparent), of risings and settings, Autol. 1 Def. 1, al.
II Adv. -νῶς truly, really, opp. γλίσχρως, Isoc. 5.142; ζῶντα ἀ.
1. really alive, Pl. Ti. 19b; ἀ. γεγάμηκεν; Antiph. 221.
2. honestly, straightforwardly, OGI 223.17 (Erythrae).
ἀληθινός, (ή, (frequent in secular writings from Plato down; (twenty-three times in John's writings; only five (according to Lachmann six) times in the rest of the N. T.));
1. that which has not only the name and semblance, but the real nature corresponding to the name (Tittmann, p. 155; ("particularly applied to express that which is all that it pretends to be, for instance, pure gold as opposed to adulterated metal" Donaldson, New Crat. § 258; see, at length, Trench, § viii.)), in every respect corresponding to the idea signified by the name, real and true, genuine;
a. opposed to what is fictitious, counterfeit, imaginary, simulated, pretended: Θεός (אֱמֶת אֱלֹהַי, 2 Chronicles 15:3), 1 Thessalonians 1:9; Hebrews 9:14 Lachmann; John 17:3; 1 John 5:20. (ἀληθινοί φίλοι, Demosthenes, Philippians 3, p. 113, 27.)
b. it contrasts realities with their semblances: σκηνή, Hebrews 8:2; the sanctuary, Hebrews 9:24. (ὁ ἵππος contrasted with ὁ ἐν τῇ εἰκόνι, Aelian v. h. 2, 3.)
c. opposed to what is imperfect, defective, frail, uncertain: John 4:23, 37; John 7:28; used without adjunct of Jesus as the true Messiah, Revelation 3:7; φῶς, John 1:9; 1 John 2:8; κρίσις, John 8:16 (L T Tr WH; Isaiah 59:4); κρίσεις, Revelation 16:7; Revelation 19:2; ἄρτος, as nourishing the soul unto life everlasting, John 6:32; ἄμπελος, John 15:1; μαρτυρία John 19:35; μάρτυς, Revelation 3:14; δεσπότης, Revelation 6:10; ὁδοί, Revelation 15:3; coupled with πιστός, Revelation 3:14; Revelation 19:11; substantively, τό ἀληθινόν the genuine, real good, opposed to external riches, Luke 16:11 ((οἷς μέν γάρ ἀληθινός πλοῦτος οὐρανῷ, Philo de praem, et poen. § 17, p. 425, Mang. edition; cf. Wetstein (1752) on Luke, the passage cited); ά᾿θληται, Polybius 1, 6, 6).
2. equivalent to ἀληθής, true, veracious, sincere, (often so in the Sept.): καρδία, Hebrews 10:22 (μετ' ἀληθείας ἐν καρδία ἀληθινή, Isaiah 38:3); λόγοι, Rev. (
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ἀληθινός , -ή , -όν
(< ἀληθής ),
[in LXX for H571;]
true, in the sense of real, ideal, genuine: Luke 16:11 John 1:9; John 4:23; John 4:37; John 6:32; John 7:28; John 8:16; John 15:1; John 17:3; John 19:35, 1 Thessalonians 1:9, Hebrews 8:2; Hebrews 9:24; Hebrews 10:22, 1 John 2:8; 1 John 5:20, Revelation 3:7; Revelation 3:14; Revelation 6:10; Revelation 15:3; Revelation 16:7; Revelation 19:2; = ἀληθής , Revelation 19:9; Revelation 21:5; Revelation 22:6 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†
SYN.: ἀληθής G227, q.v.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
ἀληθινός is less common still than ἀληθής , but is found in MGr. In P Petr II. 19 (1a)6 (iii/B.C.) it is used in a petition by a prisoner who affirms that he has said nothing μηδέποτε ἄτοπον , ὅπερ καὶ ἀληθινόν ἐστι , and again (si vera lectio) ib. 2 (3) (B.C. 260), where the writer assures his father εἰ ἐν ἄ ]λλοις ἀλύπως ἀπαλλάσσεις εἴη ἂν ὡς ἐγὼ τοῖς θεοῖς ἔσχομεν [χάριν ἀληθ ]ινόν , ";if in other matters you are getting on without annoyances, there will be, as we have given, true gratitude to the gods"; : cf. Syll 316.17 (ii/B.C.) πα ]ρασχομένων τῶν κατηγόρων ἀληθινὰς ἀποδείξεις , and the same phrase in BGU IV. 114112 (time of Augustus). Caracalla’s edict, P Giss I. 40 ii. 27, speaks of οἱ ἀληθινοὶ Αἰγύπτιοι as ";easily distinguished by their speech."; The word is also found in the fragmentary BGU III. 742 ii. 1 f. (A.D. 122) εἰ ταῖς ἀληθ [ι ]ναῖς ἀντὶ φερνῆς ἡ παραχώρησις ἐγένετο . In an obscure letter concerning redemption of garments etc. in pawn, P Oxy I. 114.7 (ii/iii A.D.), we have ἀληθινοπόρφυρον translated by the editors ";with a real purple (border?)."; In OGIS 22317 (iii/B.C.) the Seleucid Antiochus Soter writes ἀπλάστως καὶ ἀληθινῶς ἐμ πᾶσι προσφερομένους . In Wünsch AF 4.44 (iii/A.D.) we find εἴπω σοι καὶ τὸ ἀληθινὸν ὄνομα ὃ τρέμει Τάρταρα κτλ . For Christian examples of ἀληθινός from the papyri, see P Oxy VI. 925.2 (v/vi A.D.) ( = Selections, p. 131) Ὁ θ (εὸ )ς . . . ὁ ἀληθινός , and the Christian amulet of vi/A.D. edited by Wilcken in Archiv i. p. 431 ff. ( = BGU III. 954, Selections, p. 132), where at l. 28 ff. we find—ὁ φῶς ἐκ φωτός , θ (εὸ )ς ἀληθινὸς χάρισον ἐμὲ κτλ .
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