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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2054 - ἔρις
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- contention, strife, wrangling
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ἔρις
(A), ιδος, ἡ, acc. ἔριν Od. 3.136, etc.; also ἔριδα, usu. in : pl. ἔριδες, later ἔρεις Titus 3:9, etc.: —
I strife, quarrel, contention: I in Il., mostly of battle-strife, αἰεὶ γάρ τοι ἔ. τε φίλη πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε 1.177; μεμαυῖ' ἔριδος καὶ ἀϋτῆς 5.732, cf. 13.358; κακὴ ἔ. 3.7; ἔ. πτολέμοιο 14.389, al.; reversely, ἔριδος νεῖκος 17.384; ἔριδα ξυνάγοντες Ἄρηος 5.861; ἔριδι or ἐξ ἔριδος μάχεσθαι, 1.8, 7.111; ἔριδι ξυνιέναι 20.66, 21.390; later, τὰν Ἀδράστου τάν τε Καδμείων ἔριν Pi. N. 8.51; ἔρις ἐνόπλιος Gorg. Fr. 6 D.
II
1. generally, quarrel, strife, ἔρις θυμοβόρος Il. 20.253, etc.: less freq. in pl., ἔριδας καὶ νείκεα ib. 251: freq. of political or domestic discord, φόνοι, στάσεις, ἔρις, μάχαι S. OC 1234 (lyr.); ἔριδες, νείκη, στάσις,..πόλεμος Ar. Th. 788; ἔριδος ἀγών S. Aj. 1163 (anap.); ὅταν φίλοι φίλοισι συμβάλωσ' ἔριν E. Med. 521; ἔριν περί τινος ἐκφυγεῖν Pl. Lg. 736c; λύειν, κατασβέσαι, E. Ph. 81, S. OC 422; γενέσθαι ἔριν πρὸς σφᾶς αὐτούς Th. 6.31: with Preps., ἐς ἔριν ἐλθεῖν τινι Hdt. 9.33, cf. Ar. Ra. 877 (hex.); ἀφῖχθαι, ἐμπεσεῖν, E. IA 319 (troch.), 377; ἐν πολλῇ ἔριδι εἶναι Th. 2.21; ἐν ἔριδι εἶναι πρὸς ἀλλήλους Id. 6.35; ὑπὲρ τοῦ μέλλοντος δι' ἐρίδων ἦν Plu. Caes. 33: c. inf., εἰσῆλθε τοῖν τρὶς ἀθλίοιν ἔρις..ἀρχῆς λαβέσθαι S. OC 372.
2. wordy wrangling, disputation, ἐκ τῆς ἔριδος..ἐμάχοντο Hdt. 1.82; κοινῶν λόγων δώσοντες ἀλλήλοις ἔριν E. Ba. 715; ἐγένετο ἔρις τοῖς ἀνθρώποις μὴ λοιμὸν ὠνομάσθαι ἀλλὰ λιμόν Th. 2.54; ἦν ἔρις καὶ ἄγνοια εἴτε.. Id. 3.111; μεστὸς ἐρίδων καὶ δοξοσοφίας Pl. Phlb. 49a, cf. Ti. 88a; ἡ περὶ τὰς ἔριδας φιλοσοφία Isoc. 10.6; ἔριδος ἕνεκα Pl. Sph. 237b; cf. ἐριστικός.
III
1. Personified, Eris, a goddess who excites to war, Ἔ. κρατερή Il. 20.48; ἐν δ' Ἔ. ἐν δὲ Κυδοιμὸς ὁμίλεον, ἐν δ' ὀλοὴ Κήρ 18.535; Νὺξ..Ἔριν τέκε καρτερόθυμον Hes. Th. 225: hence, as goddess of Discord, at the marriage of Peleus and Thetis, Coluth. 39, al.
2. as a principle of nature, πάντα κατ' ἔριν γίνεσθαι Heraclit. 8: pl., Emp. 124.2. contention, rivalry, freq. in Od., ἔργοιο in work, 18.366; ὅς τις ἔριδα προφέρηται ἀέθλων for prizes, 8.210; ἔρις χερσὶ γένηται 18.13; ἔριδα προφέρουσαι in eager rivalry, 6.92; ἔριν στήσαντες ἐν ὑμῖν 16.292: in later Poets, contest, καλλονᾶς, μελῳδίας, E. IA 1308, Rh. 923; ὅπλων ἔριν ἔθηκε συμμάχοις Id. Hel. 100; ἔριν ἔχειν ἀμφὶ μουσικῇ Hdt. 6.129; Ἥρᾳ Παλλάδι τ' ἔριν μορφᾶς ἁ Κύπρις ἔσχεν E. IA 183; ἔριν ἐμβάλλειν τισὶ πρὸς ἀλλήλους ὅπως.. X. Cyr. 6.2.4; εἰς ἔριν ὁρμᾶσθαι ταύτης τῆς μάχης πρὸς τοὺς πεπαιδευμένους ib. 2.3.15; εἰς ἔριν συμβάλλειν τινὰς περὶ ἀρετῆς Id. Lac. 4.2; κατ' ἔριν τὴν Ἀθηναίων out of rivalry with.., Hdt. 5.88, cf. Pl. Criti. 109b; ἔβα Πινδάροιο (leg. -οι) ποτ' ἔριν Corinn. 21; Διὸς βρονταῖσιν εἰς ἔριν κτυπῶν in rivalry with.., E. Cyc. 328; in good sense, ἔρις ἀγαθῶν A. Eu. 975 (lyr.), cf. Hes. Op. 24.
ἔρις (B), = ἶρις, Att., acc. to Hsch. s.v. ἔριδας.
ἔρις, ἔριδος, ἡ, accusative ἔριν (Philippians 1:15), pl. ἔριδες (1 Corinthians 1:11) and ἐρεῖς (2 Corinthians 12:20 (R G Tr text; Galatians 5:20 R G WH marginal reading); Titus 3:9 (R G L Tr); see (WHs Appendix, p. 157); Lob. ad Phryn., p. 326; Matthiae, § 80 note 8; Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Spr., p. 191f; (Winers Grammar, 65 (63); Buttmann, 24 (22))); contention, strife, wrangling: Romans 1:29; Romans 13:13; 1 Corinthians 1:11; 1 Corinthians 3:3; 2 Corinthians 12:20; Galatians 5:20; Philippians 1:15; 1 Timothy 6:4; Titus 3:9. (From Homer down.)
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ἔρις , -ιδος ,
acc, ἔριν (on the declension, v. B1., § 8, 3; WH, App., 157), ἡ ,
[in LXX: Psalms 139:20, Sirach 28:11; Sirach 40:5; Sirach 40:9*;]
strife, wrangling, contention: Romans 1:29; Romans 13:13, 1 Corinthians 3:3, 2 Corinthians 12:20, Galatians 5:20, Philippians 1:15, 1 Timothy 6:4, Titus 3:9; pl. (see ἐριθία ), Romans 13:13, WH, mg., 1 Corinthians 1:11, Ga, l.c., WH, mg.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
As a new literary reference we may cite the Alexandrian Erotic Fragment P Grenf I. 1.21 (ii/B.C.) γίνωσκε (pap. γινωσχ᾽ ὅτι θυμὸν ἀνίκητον ἔχω ὅταν ἔρις λάβῃ με, ";know that I have a heart unconquerable when hate takes hold upon me."; The word is used in bonam partem in Kaibel 142.4—
ἣ κάλλει ψ [υχῆς πᾶσιν ἔβαλ ]λεν ἔριν
where the editor renders ";animi pulcritudine illa omnibus aemulandi studium iniecit.";
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.