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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2015 - ἐπιφάνεια
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- an appearing, appearance
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ἐπιφάν-εια [ᾰ], ἡ,
I
1. appearance, coming into light or view, τῆς ἡμέρας day-break, dawn, Plb. 3.94.3; in war, sudden appearance of an enemy, Aen.Tact. 31.8, Plb. 1.54.2, Ascl. Tact. 12.10(pl.), Onos. 22.3 (pl.).
2. esp. of deities appearing to a worshipper, manifestation, D.H. 2.68, Plu. Them. 30; advent, D.S. 2.47; τὰς ὑπ' αὐτῆς (sc. Ἀρτέμιδος) γενομένας ἐναργεῖς ἐ. SIG 867.35 (Ephesus, ii A.D.); a manifestation of divine power, τὰς ἐ. τᾶς Παρθένου Klio 16.204 (Chersonesus, iii B.C.), cf. LXX 2 Maccabees 15:27, D.S. 1.25.
3. the first coming of Christ, 2 Timothy 1:10; the second, 1 Timothy 6:14,al.
4. of the accession of Caligula, Inscr.Cos 391.
5. appearance, aspect, οἰκετικὴ ἐ. Myro 2 J.; κατὰ τὴν ἐ., distd.fr. κατὰ τὴν ἐπίφασιν, Plb. 25.3.6.
II
1. visible surface of a body, superficies, Democr. 155 (pl.), Arist. Cat. 5a2, Metaph. 1002a4, Ph. 209a8, Sens. 439a31, Euc. 1 Deff., Ph. Bel. 70.27, Damian. Opt. 11; ἡ κατὰ πρόσωπον ἐ. the front, Plb. 1.22.10; κατὰ τὰς ἐ. μάχεσθαι to fight in front, Id. 3.116.10; ἐ. ἡ ἐκ δεξιῶν Arr. Tact. 21.3; αἱ τρεῖς ἐ. τῆς πόλεως its three visible sides, Plb. 4.70.9; the surface or skin of the body, D.S. 3.29, Pap. in AJP 24.327, Gal. 16.530, etc.; μυδῶντα τὴν ἐ. Luc. Philops. 11; τῆς ἔνδον ἐ. τῶν ἐντέρων Gal. 18(1).2.
2. outward show, fame, distinction, esp. arising from something unexpected, Pl. Alc. 1.124c; ἐ.ποιεῖν to create a sensation, Isaiah 7:13 : in pl., Isoc. 6.104, D.S. 19.1; τὰ πρὸς ἐπιφάνειαν καὶ δόξαν ἀνήκοντα OGI 763.19 (Milet., ii B.C.), cf. Arr. Epict. 3.22.29.
ἐπιφάνεια, ἐπιφανείας, ἡ (ἐπιφανής), an appearing, appearance (Tertullian apparentia); often used by the Greeks of a glorious manifestation of the gods, and especially of their advent to help; in 2 Macc. of signal deeds and events betokening the presence and power of God as helper; cf. Grimm on Maccabees, p. 60f, 75 (but especially the thorough exposition by Prof. Abbot (on Titus 2:13 Note B) in the Journal of the Society for Biblical Literature and Exegesis, i., p. 16f (1882)). In the N. T. the 'advent' of Christ — not only that which has already taken place and by which his presence and power appear in the saving light he has shed upon mankind, 2 Timothy 1:10 (note the word φωτίσαντος in this passage); but also that illustrious return from heaven to earth hereafter to occur: 1 Timothy 6:14; 2 Timothy 4:1, 8; Titus 2:13 (on which see especially Prof. Abbot as above); ἡ ἐπιφάνεια (i. e. the breaking forth) τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ, 2 Thessalonians 2:8. (Cf. Trench, § xciv.)
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ἐπιφάνεια , -ας , ἡ
(< ἐπιφανής ),
[in LXX: 2 Samuel 7:23 (H3372), Ezra 5:1, Amos 5:22, 2 Maccabees 2:21; 2 Maccabees 3:24; 2 Maccabees 5:4; 2 Maccabees 12:22; 2 Maccabees 14:16; 2 Maccabees 15:27, 3 Maccabees 2:9; 3 Maccabees 5:8; 3 Maccabees 5:51,*;]
(in late Gk. and Inscr., freq. of deities, v. MM, Exp., xiv),
a manifestation, appearance: 2 Thessalonians 2:8, 1 Timothy 6:14, 2 Timothy 1:10; 2 Timothy 4:1; 2 Timothy 4:8, Titus 2:13 (cf. M, Th., 148 f.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The NT usage of this word to denote ";manifestation,"; more particularly in connexion with the παρουσία of the Lord (2 Thessalonians 2:8, 1 Timothy 6:14, 2 Timothy 4:1; 2 Timothy 4:8, Titus 2:13), is prepared for by the occurrence of the word in late Greek to denote any conspicuous intervention on the part of higher powers. Thus from the inscrr. we may cite OGIS 233.35 (iii/B.C.) ἀπελογίσαντο διὰ πλειόνων τήν τε τῆς θεᾶς ἐπιφάνειαν, ib. 331.52 (mid. ii/B.C.) διὰ τὰς ἐξ αὐτοῦ (τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Σαβαζίου) ἐπιφανείας, ib. 383.85 (mid. i/B.C.) μεγάλων δαιμόνων ἐπιφανείαις, Syll 656.35 (ii/A.D.) διὰ τὰς ὑπ᾽ αὐτῆς (τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος) γενομένας ἐναργεῖς ἐπι [φανείας. In Cos 391 the accession of Caligula is described as an ";epiphany";—ἐ ]νιαυτοῦ πρώτου τᾶς [Γαΐ ]ου Καίσαρος. . . . ἐπιφανείας, and in OGIS 763.19 (ii/B.C.) it is united with δόξα —πολλὰ τῶν πρὸς ἐπιφάνειαν · καὶ δόξαν ἀνηκόντων : cf. Tit l.c. and see Epict. iii. 22. 29. For a medical use of the word in describing symptoms, see the papyrus fragment of ii/A.D. published by Goodspeed in AJP xxiv. p. 327 f.—.5 τὴν ἐπειφάνεια [ν ?
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