Bible Lexicons

In the Ptolemaic papyri this is the regular form, e.g. P Petr II. 27(1).5 (B.C. 236) ἐκ μετρητῶν δεκαδύο , and so .6, .8, P Amh II. 47.5 (B.C. 113) πυροῦ ἀρτάβας δέκα δύο ἄτοκα . The only exception which Mayser (Gr. p. 316) has noted is P Vat F.31 (B.C. 157). Similarly in inscriptions from about i/B.C. we find δεκαδύο , as well as δώδεκα , e.g. CIA II. 476.31 (ii/i B.C.) δραχμὰς δέκα δύο : see Meisterhans Gr. p. 159. In ostraca δώδεκα greatly predominates over δέκα δύο . In Proleg. p. 96 n..3 there is an unfortunate mistake, due to trusting Wellhausen : the mistake is copied in Thackeray Gr, i. p. 188 n.1. Wellhausen says (Einleitung in die drei ersten Evangelien.1, p. 11), ";Zwölf in D an den beiden Stellen, wo die Zahl ausgeschrieben ist (Matthew 19:28, Luke 9:17), δεκαδύο und nicht δώδεκα heisst."; (So far as one can tell, in the absence of an index, he has dropped the statement in ed.2) As a matter of fact, D has δώδεκα in Matthew 9:20; Matthew 11:1, Luke 9:12, Joh. 6:13; 6:67; 6:71, 11:9, Acts 19:7. Not only D but W shows δέκα δύο (ter, according to Sanders, p. 24). P Flor II. 141 (A.D. 264) has instructive differences between three scribes. The first writer mentions οἴνου δίχωρα δώδ [εκ ]α —γ (ίνεται ) οἴ (νου ) δίχω (ρα ) ι ̄β ̄; the second, who endorses it, writes δώδεκα ; the third writes a receipt for δίχωρα [δε ]καδύο . The last is a φροντιστής or ";superintendent of inland revenue,"; and unless a big hand is evidence (see under γράμμα ) no less educated than Alypius or his correspondent Heroninus. In P Lond 1171.7 (B.C. 8) (= III. p. 177) we find τῆς ιβμήνου , ";the 12month"; : cf. for gender τὰν δευτέραν ἑξάμη [νον , Syll 718.9 (i/B.C.). Thackeray remarks (l.c.) that δεκαδύο was a shortlived attempt to displace δώδεκα , much in vogue in the Ptolemaic age, but in LXX only predominant in Chron and Judith. Δώδεκα stands alone in MGr.