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Esdraelon (Esrelon)

The 1901 Jewish Encyclopedia

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The later Greek form of the more ancient Jezreel, and the name of the boundary-plain between the Ephraimitic and the Galilean mountain-chain (Judith 1:8). It is frequently spoken of as "the great valley"—a designation, however, not supported by Old Testament usage. In the latter it is referred to as "the land of the valley" (Joshua 17:16) or as "the valley" (Judges 5:15; 1 Samuel 31:7; 1 Chronicles 10:7). The central portion of the plain was called "the valley of Jezreel" (Joshua 17:16; Judges 6:33; Hosea 1:5); and the portion on the south, "the valley of Megiddon" (Zechariah 12:11; 2 Chronicles 35:22). Its present name is Marj ibn-'Amr. The plain is bounded on the south by the mountains of Samaria, on the north by the Galilean mountain, and on the east by a low mountain-range. To the westward it is 25 meters above sea-level; to the eastward, 120 meters.