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Bible Encyclopedias
Emmanuel
The 1901 Jewish Encyclopedia
or This name occurs only thrice in the Bible, in Isaiah 7:14 and 8:8,10 (in the last-cited verse the rendering "God is with us" is given in the English versions). According to the Targum Yerushalmi, "Immanuel" in the first two instances is to be taken as a proper name and not as two words; in the last passage as two words forming an entire sentence (Norzi's "Minḥat Shai," ad loc.; Geiger, "Urschrift," p. 282; Müller, "Masseket Soferim," p. 88). In the Talmud and Midrash the name does not occur at all; nor is it among the many names for the Messiah enumerated by Hamburger, "R. B. T." 2:740 et seq. The Greek Baruch Apocalypse () says (see Kautzsch, "Apokryphen," 2:451) that Jesus Christ is called "Immanuel," which of course is a Christian interpolation. In the Haggadah "Immanuel" is not mentioned, which seems to indicate that the application of this word to the Messiah was not known in Jewish circles.
- Bredenkamp, Vaticinium Quod de Immanuele Edidit Jesaias, 1880;
- Giesebrecht, Die Immanuelweissagung, in Studien und Kritiken, 1888;
- F. C. Porter. A Suggestion Regarding Isaiah's Immanuel, in Jour. Bib. Lit. 1895.
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Singer, Isidore, Ph.D, Projector and Managing Editor. Entry for 'Emmanuel'. 1901 The Jewish Encyclopedia. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tje/e/emmanuel.html. 1901.
