the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Bible Encyclopedias
Ptolemy IV
1911 Encyclopedia Britannica
or IV. Philopator (reigned 221-204), son of the preceding, was a wretched debauchee under whom the decline of the Ptolemaic kingdom began. His reign was inaugurated by the murder of his mother, and he was always under the dominion of favourites, male and female, who indulged his vices and conducted the government as they pleased. Self-interest led his ministers to make serious preparations to meet the attacks of Antiochus III. (the Great) on Palestine, and the great Egyptian victory of Raphia (217), at which Ptolemy himself was present, secured the province till the next reign. The arming of Egyptians in this campaign had a disturbing effect upon the native population of Egypt, so that rebellions were continuous for the next thirty years. Philopator was devoted to orgiastic forms of religion and literary dilettantism. He built a temple to Homer and composed a tragedy, to which his vile favourite Agathocles added a commentary. He married (about 215) his sister Arsinoe (III.), but continued to be ruled by his mistress Agathoclea, sister of Agathocles.
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Chisholm, Hugh, General Editor. Entry for 'Ptolemy IV'. 1911 Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/bri/p/ptolemy-iv.html. 1910.
