Bible Encyclopedias
Max Johann Sigismund Schultze

1911 Encyclopedia Britannica

Search for…

Enter query below:

or

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Prev Entry
Max Bruch

Next Entry
Max Klinger

Resource Toolbox

Print Article

MAX JOHANN SIGISMUND SCHULTZE (1825-1874), German microscopic anatomist, was born at Freiburg in Breisgau (Baden) on the 25th of March 1825. He studied medicine at Greifswald and Berlin, and was appointed extraordinary professor at Halle in 1854 and five years later ordinary professor of anatomy and histology and director of the Anatomical Institute at Bonn. He died at Bonn on the 16th of January 1874. He founded, in 1865, and edited the important Archiv fair mikroskopische Anatomie, to which he contributed many papers, and he advanced the subject generally, by refining on its technical methods. His works included Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte der Turbellarien (1851), Ober den Organismus der Polythalamien (1854), Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Landplanarien (1857), Zur Kenntnis der elektrischen Organe der Fische (1858) and Zur Anatomic and Physiologic der Retina (1866). His name is especially known for his work on the cell theory. Uniting F. Dujardin's conception of animal sarcode with H. von Mohl's of vegetable protoplasma, he pointed out their identity, and included them under the common name of protoplasm, defining the cell as "a nucleated mass of protoplasm with or without a cell-wall" ( Das ProtoTheorie der Zelle, 1863).