2 Timothy 4:1

Contextual Overview

¹In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who will judge the living and the dead, and in view of his appearing and his kingdom, I give you this charge:¹ In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who will judge the living and the dead, and in view of his appearing and his kingdom, I give you this charge: ¹ I solemnly charge you in the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who is to judge the living and the dead, and by His appearing and His kingdom:¹I solemnly charge you in the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who is to judge the living and the dead, and by His appearing and His kingdom: ¹ I urge you in the name of God and Christ Jesus, who will one day give everyone what's coming to them, ¹ I give you orders, before God and Christ Jesus, who will be the judge of the living and the dead, and by his revelation and his kingdom; ¹ I testify before God and Christ Jesus, who is about to judge living and dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom, ¹ I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus, who is going to judge the living and the dead, and because of His appearing and His kingdom: ¹ I charge you therefore before God and the Lord, Jesus Christ, who will judge the living and the dead at His appearing and His kingdom: ¹ I charge thee therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge the quick and dead at his appearing and his kingdom, Preach the word;

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

charge: 2 Timothy 2:14, 1 Timothy 5:21, 1 Timothy 6:13

who: Psalms 50:6, Psalms 96:13, Psalms 98:9, Matthew 16:27, Matthew 25:31-46, John 5:22-27, Acts 10:42, Acts 17:31, Romans 2:16, Romans 14:9-11, 1 Corinthians 4:4, 1 Corinthians 4:5, 2 Corinthians 5:9, 2 Corinthians 5:10, 2 Thessalonians 1:7-10, 1 Peter 4:5, Revelation 20:11-15

at: 2 Timothy 4:8, Colossians 3:4, 1 Thessalonians 4:15, 1 Thessalonians 4:16, 1 Timothy 6:14, Titus 2:13, Hebrews 9:27, Hebrews 9:28, 1 Peter 1:7, 1 Peter 5:4, 1 John 2:28, Revelation 1:7

his kingdom: Luke 19:12, Luke 19:15, Luke 23:42, 2 Peter 1:11, 2 Peter 1:17

Reciprocal: Exodus 6:13 - General Leviticus 8:35 - keep Numbers 27:19 - give him Deuteronomy 3:28 - charge Joshua Deuteronomy 31:14 - I may give 1 Kings 2:1 - charged 1 Chronicles 22:6 - charged him Ezekiel 44:8 - ye have not Zechariah 3:7 - if thou wilt keep Matthew 25:20 - behold Acts 24:25 - judgment Romans 15:30 - for the 1 Corinthians 1:10 - by the Ephesians 4:17 - in the Colossians 4:17 - Take 1 Thessalonians 1:10 - wait 1 Thessalonians 2:11 - charged 1 Thessalonians 2:19 - in 1 Thessalonians 5:27 - I charge 2 Thessalonians 2:1 - and by 2 Thessalonians 3:6 - in the 1 Timothy 1:18 - charge 1 Timothy 5:7 - General Revelation 3:2 - watchful

Cross-References

Genesis 3:15
And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel."

Genesis 3:15
And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel."

Genesis 3:15
And I will put enmityBetween you and the woman,And between your seed and her seed;He shall bruise you on the head,And you shall bruise him on the heel."

Genesis 3:15
And I will put enmity Between you and the woman, And between your seed and her seed; He shall bruise you on the head, And you shall bruise him on the heel."

Genesis 3:15
I wyll also put enmitie betweene thee & the woman, betweene thy seede and her seede: and it shall treade downe thy head, and thou shalt treade vpon his heele.

Genesis 3:15
I will make you and the woman enemies to each other. Your children and her children will be enemies. You will bite her child's foot, but he will crush your head."

Genesis 3:15
I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel."

Genesis 3:15
Y schal sette enemytees bitwixe thee and the womman, and bitwixe thi seed and hir seed; sche schal breke thin heed, and thou schalt sette aspies to hir heele.

Genesis 3:15
And I will put enmitie betweene thee and the woman, and betweene thy seed and her seed: it shal bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heele.

Genesis 3:15
And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

I charge thee therefore before God,.... Whose word the Scriptures are, and by whom they are inspired; who had made Timothy an able minister of the New Testament, and to whom he was accountable for his ministry:

and the Lord Jesus Christ; who is equal with God, and bestows ministerial gifts on men, and from whom Timothy had his; whose Gospel he preached; in whose cause he was embarked; and before whom he must appear, to give an account of his ministry, talents, and souls under his care:

who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom; it is certain there will be a general judgment; the day is appointed, and Christ is ordained the Judge of all men; all judgment is committed to him, and he is ready to exercise it; for which he is abundantly qualified, being God omniscient and omnipotent; and which he will execute in the most righteous and impartial manner. The persons that will be judged by him are, "the quick and the dead"; by which are meant, not the different parts of men, their souls which are living and immortal, and their bodies which die and will be raised from the dead, though they will be judged in their whole persons; nor the different sorts of men, as good men, who are made alive by the Spirit and grace of God, and evil men, who are dead in trespasses and sins, and die in their sins; though this is a truth that God will judge both the righteous and the wicked: but rather by the "quick", are meant, such as will be found alive at Christ's coming; and by the "dead", such as having been dead, will be raised by him; and in short, the characters include all mentioned; who must all stand before the judgment seat of Christ. The time when this will be, is,

at his appearing, and his kingdom; which may be considered as an hendyadis, expressive of one and the same thing; and so the Syriac version renders it, "at the revelation of his kingdom"; or as two things, the one as antecedent and preparatory to the other; the former refers to the appearance of Christ at the last day. He appeared frequently to the Old Testament saints in an human form; and he really appeared in human nature in the fulness of time; and after his resurrection to his apostles and others, and even after his ascension to some; and he appears in a spiritual manner to believers in all ages; but to them that look for him, he will appear a second time in person, in a most glorious manner: for the present he is received up into heaven, where he is as it were hid, and is unseen to corporeal eyes; but in his due time he will be manifested in his own and his Father's glory, and in the glory of his angels; and this appearance will be greatly to the advantage of the saints, who will then appear in glory, and be like him, and see him as he is, and hence they look for it, and love it; and at this time will be the judgment, and then will the kingdom of Christ take place. Christ has a kingdom now, and ever had, which is not of this world, but is of a spiritual nature; and which will be more manifest in that latter day, by the spread of the Gospel, the numerous instances of conversion, and the revival of powerful religion and godliness, which we commonly call the spiritual reign of Christ; but the kingdom here designed, is the personal reign of Christ, for a thousand years: at the beginning of which will be the judgment of the saints, who having the crown of righteousness given them by the Judge, will reign with him as kings and priests; and at the end of this period will be the judgment of the wicked. The charge made before these two divine Persons, God and his Son Jesus Christ, follows.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

I charge thee therefore before God - See the notes on 1 Timothy 5:21.

Who shall judge the quick and the dead - That is, the Lord Jesus; for he is to be the judge of men; Matthew 25:31-46; 2 Corinthians 5:10. The word “quick” means “living” (See the Acts 10:42 note; Ephesians 2:1 note); and the idea is, that he would be alike the judge of all who were alive when he should come, and of all who had died; see the notes on 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17. In view of the fact that all, whether preachers or hearers, must give up their account to the final Judge, Paul charges Timothy to be faithful; and what is there which will more conduce to fidelity in the discharge of duty, than the thought that we must soon give up a solemn account of the manner in which we have performed it?

At his appearing - That is, the judgment shall then take place. This must refer to a judgment yet to take place, for the Lord Jesus has not yet “appeared” the second time to men; and, if this be so, then there is to be a resurrection of the dead. On the meaning of the word rendered “appearing,” see the notes on 2 Thessalonians 2:8. It is there rendered “brighteness”; compare 1Ti 6:14; 2 Timothy 1:10; Titus 2:13.

And his kingdom - Or, at the setting up of his kingdom. The idea of his reigning, or setting up his kingdom, is not unfrequently associated with the idea of his cominG; see Matthew 16:28. The meaning is, that, at his second advent, the extent and majesty of his kingdom will be fully displayed. It will be seen that he has control over the elements, over the graves of the dead, and over all the living. It will be seen that the earth and the heavens are under his sway, and that all things there acknowledge him as their sovereign Lord. In order to meet the full force of the language used by Paul here, it is not necessary to suppose that he will set up a visible kingdom on the earth, but only that there will be an illustrious display of himself as a king, and of the extent and majesty of the empire over which he presides: compare the Romans 14:11 note; Philippians 2:10 note.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

CHAPTER IV.

The apostle charges Timothy to be diligent, incessant, and

faithful in his preaching; to watch, suffer patiently, and give

full proof of his ministry, 1-5.

He predicts his own approaching death, and expresses the

strongest confidence of being eternally happy, 6-8.

Desires Timothy to come and see him; shows that several had

forsaken him, that others were gone to different districts, and

that he had only Luke with him, 9-12.

Desires him to bring the cloak, book, and parchments, which he

had left at Troas, 13.

Of Alexander the coppersmith's opposition, 14, 15.

Tells Timothy how he was deserted by all when obliged to make

his first defence before Nero; how God supported him, and the

confidence with which he was inspired, 16-18.

Salutations to different persons at Ephesus, and from different

persons at Rome, 19-21.

The apostolical benediction, 22.

NOTES ON CHAP. IV.

Verse 2 Timothy 4:1. I charge thee therefore before God — Whose herald thou art; and before the Lord Jesus Christ, whose salvation thou art to proclaim, and who is coming to judge the world-all that shall be found then alive, and all that have died from the foundation of the world.