Study Desk

When Jeremiah had finished telling the people all the words of the Lord their God—everything the Lord had sent him to tell them^(a)—

Azariah son of Hoshaiah^(b) and Johanan^(c) son of Kareah and all the arrogant^(d) men said to Jeremiah, "You are lying!^(e) The Lord our God has not sent you to say, ‘You must not go to Egypt to settle there.'^(f)

But Baruch^(g) son of Neriah is inciting you against us to hand us over to the Babylonians,^[a] so they may kill us or carry us into exile to Babylon."^(h)

So Johanan son of Kareah and all the army officers and all the people⁽ⁱ⁾ disobeyed the Lord 's command^(j) to stay in the land of Judah.^(k)

Instead, Johanan son of Kareah and all the army officers led away all the remnant of Judah who had come back to live in the land of Judah from all the nations where they had been scattered.^(l)

They also led away all those whom Nebuzaradan commander of the imperial guard had left with Gedaliah son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan—the men, the women,^(m) the children and the king's daughters. And they took Jeremiah the prophet and Baruch⁽ⁿ⁾ son of Neriah along with them.

So they entered Egypt^(o) in disobedience to the Lord and went as far as Tahpanhes.^(p)

In Tahpanhes^(q) the word of the Lord came to Jeremiah:

"While the Jews are watching, take some large stones^(r) with you and bury them in clay in the brick^(s) pavement at the entrance to Pharaoh's palace^(t) in Tahpanhes.

Then say to them, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: I will send for my servant^(u) Nebuchadnezzar^(v) king of Babylon, and I will set his throne^(w) over these stones I have buried here; he will spread his royal canopy^(x) above them.

He will come and attack Egypt,^(y) bringing death^(z) to those destined^(aa) for death, captivity to those destined for captivity,^(ab) and the sword to those destined for the sword.^(ac)

He will set fire^(ad) to the temples^(ae) of the gods^(af) of Egypt; he will burn their temples and take their gods captive.^(ag) As a shepherd picks^(ah) his garment clean of lice, so he will pick Egypt clean and depart.

There in the temple of the sun^[b](ai) in Egypt he will demolish the sacred pillars^(aj) and will burn down the temples of the gods of Egypt.'"

Disaster Because of Idolatry

This word came to Jeremiah concerning all the Jews living in Lower Egypt^(a)—in Migdol,^(b) Tahpanhes^(c) and Memphis^(d)—and in Upper Egypt:^(e)

"This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: You saw the great disaster^(f) I brought on Jerusalem and on all the towns of Judah.^(g) Today they lie deserted and in ruins^(h)

because of the evil⁽ⁱ⁾ they have done. They aroused my anger^(j) by burning incense^(k) to and worshiping other gods^(l) that neither they nor you nor your ancestors^(m) ever knew.

Again and again⁽ⁿ⁾ I sent my servants the prophets,^(o) who said, ‘Do not do this detestable^(p) thing that I hate!'

But they did not listen or pay attention;^(q) they did not turn from their wickedness^(r) or stop burning incense^(s) to other gods.^(t)

Therefore, my fierce anger was poured out;^(u) it raged against the towns of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem and made them the desolate ruins^(v) they are today.

"Now this is what the Lord God Almighty, the God of Israel, says: Why bring such great disaster^(w) on yourselves by cutting off from Judah the men and women,^(x) the children and infants, and so leave yourselves without a remnant?^(y)

Why arouse my anger with what your hands have made,^(z) burning incense^(aa) to other gods in Egypt,^(ab) where you have come to live?^(ac) You will destroy yourselves and make yourselves a curse^[a] and an object of reproach^(ad) among all the nations on earth.

Have you forgotten the wickedness committed by your ancestors^(ae) and by the kings^(af) and queens^(ag) of Judah and the wickedness committed by you and your wives^(ah) in the land of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem?^(ai)

To this day they have not humbled^(aj) themselves or shown reverence,^(ak) nor have they followed my law^(al) and the decrees^(am) I set before you and your ancestors.^(an)

"Therefore this is what the Lord Almighty,^(ao) the God of Israel, says: I am determined to bring disaster^(ap) on you and to destroy all Judah.

I will take away the remnant^(aq) of Judah who were determined to go to Egypt to settle there. They will all perish in Egypt; they will fall by the sword or die from famine. From the least to the greatest,^(ar) they will die by sword or famine.^(as) They will become a curse and an object of horror, a curse and an object of reproach.^(at)

I will punish^(au) those who live in Egypt with the sword,^(av) famine and plague,^(aw) as I punished Jerusalem.

None of the remnant of Judah who have gone to live in Egypt will escape or survive to return to the land of Judah, to which they long to return and live; none will return except a few fugitives."^(ax)

Then all the men who knew that their wives^(ay) were burning incense^(az) to other gods, along with all the women^(ba) who were present—a large assembly—and all the people living in Lower and Upper Egypt,^(bb) said to Jeremiah,

"We will not listen^(bc) to the message you have spoken to us in the name of the Lord !^(bd)

We will certainly do everything we said we would:^(be) We will burn incense^(bf) to the Queen of Heaven^(bg) and will pour out drink offerings to her just as we and our ancestors, our kings and our officials^(bh) did in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem.^(bi) At that time we had plenty of food^(bj) and were well off and suffered no harm.^(bk)

But ever since we stopped burning incense to the Queen of Heaven and pouring out drink offerings^(bl) to her, we have had nothing and have been perishing by sword and famine.^(bm)"

The women added, "When we burned incense^(bn) to the Queen of Heaven^(bo) and poured out drink offerings to her, did not our husbands^(bp) know that we were making cakes^(bq) impressed with her image^(br) and pouring out drink offerings to her?"

Then Jeremiah said to all the people, both men and women, who were answering him,

"Did not the Lord remember^(bs) and call to mind the incense^(bt) burned in the towns of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem^(bu) by you and your ancestors,^(bv) your kings and your officials and the people of the land?^(bw)

When the Lord could no longer endure^(bx) your wicked actions and the detestable things you did, your land became a curse^(by) and a desolate waste^(bz) without inhabitants, as it is today.^(ca)

Because you have burned incense and have sinned against the Lord and have not obeyed him or followed^(cb) his law or his decrees^(cc) or his stipulations, this disaster^(cd) has come upon you, as you now see."^(ce)

Then Jeremiah said to all the people, including the women,^(cf) "Hear the word of the Lord , all you people of Judah in Egypt.^(cg)

This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: You and your wives^(ch) have done what you said you would do when you promised, ‘We will certainly carry out the vows we made to burn incense and pour out drink offerings to the Queen of Heaven.'^(ci) "Go ahead then, do what you promised! Keep your vows!^(cj)

But hear the word of the Lord , all you Jews living in Egypt:^(ck) ‘I swear^(cl) by my great name,' says the Lord , ‘that no one from Judah living anywhere in Egypt will ever again invoke my name or swear, "As surely as the Sovereign^(cm) Lord lives."^(cn)

For I am watching^(co) over them for harm,^(cp) not for good; the Jews in Egypt will perish^(cq) by sword and famine^(cr) until they are all destroyed.^(cs)

Those who escape the sword^(ct) and return to the land of Judah from Egypt will be very few.^(cu) Then the whole remnant^(cv) of Judah who came to live in Egypt will know whose word will stand^(cw)—mine or theirs.^(cx)

"‘This will be the sign^(cy) to you that I will punish^(cz) you in this place,' declares the Lord , ‘so that you will know that my threats of harm against you will surely stand.'^(da)

This is what the Lord says: ‘I am going to deliver Pharaoh^(db) Hophra king of Egypt into the hands of his enemies who want to kill him, just as I gave Zedekiah^(dc) king of Judah into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the enemy who wanted to kill him.'"^(dd)