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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #8076 - שָׁמֵם
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
1) devastated, deserted, desolate
- Book
- Word
שָׁמֵם fut. יִשֹּׁם pl. יָשֹׁמּוּ (fut. A יֵשַׁם see under the root יָשַׁם.)
(1) to be astonished (the primary idea is that of silence, being put to silence, compare the kindred roots דָּמַם and דּוּם see p. 203, B ), 1 Kings 9:8; Jeremiah 18:16 followed by עַל (because of any thing) Isaiah 52:14; Jeremiah 2:12. As to the passage 2 Chronicles 7:21, see לְ A, No. 2.
(2) to be laid waste, desolated (as places laid waste and silent and quiet, whereas in those that are inhabited there is noise) Ezekiel 33:28, 35:12, 15 Ezekiel 35:15. Part. שׁוֹמֵם laid waste, Lamentations 1:4, 3:11 used of persons wasted, destroyed, ibid. 1:13, 16 solitary, 2 Samuel 13:20; Isaiah 54:1. Plur. f. שׁוֹמֵמוֹת places laid waste, ruins, Isaiah 61:4; Daniel 9:18, 26.
(3) trans. to lay waste, to make desolate; Ezekiel 36:3, יַעַן בְּיַעַן שַׁמּוֹת וְשָׁאֹף אֶתְכֶם “because that they made you desolate, and gape after you” (where שַׁמּוֹת is a noun verbal pl. for infinit.). Part. שׁוֹמֵם the desolator (i.e. Antiochus Epiphanes [?]), Daniel 9:27. הַפֶּשַׁע שׁוֹמֵם (for פֶּשַׁע הַשּׁ׳), ibid. 8:13, the sin of the desolator, and שִׁקּוּץ שֹׁמֵם abomination of the desolator, Daniel 12:11, i.q. βδέλυγμα ἐρημώσεως, 1Ma_1:54 6:7 (either the altar or the idol which Antiochus caused to be erected over the altar of the temple at Jerusalem.) [But see, Matthew 24:14, as to the “abomination of desolation,” as something even then unfulfilled].
Niphal נָשַׁם.
(1) i.q. Kal No. 1, to be astonished, Jeremiah 4:9 followed by עַל Job 18:20.
(2) i.q. Kal No. 2, to be laid waste, Jeremiah 12:11 to be destroyed (used of persons), Lamentations 4:5 to be desolate, solitary (as a way), Leviticus 26:22; Isaiah 33:8.
Poel.
(1) i.q. Kal No. 1. to be astonished, Ezra 9:3.
(2) part. מְשֹׁמֵם a desolator, Daniel 9:27, 11:31.
Hiphil הֵשֵׁם, fut. יַשִּׁים, inf. הַשְׁמֵם, part. מַשְׁמִים.-causat. of Kal No. 1, to astonish, Ezekiel 32:10, intrans. to be astonished, stunned, Ezekiel 3:15 followed by עַל Micah 6:13.
(2) i.q. Kal No. 3, to lay waste, as a land, Leviticus 26:31, 32 Leviticus 26:32; Ezekiel 30:12, 14 Ezekiel 30:14.
Hophal הָשַׁם (read hŏsham, for הָשַּׁם, which is found in some copies), plur. הָשַׁמּוּ.
(1) to be astonished, Job 21:5.
(2) to be laid waste, Leviticus 26:34, 35 Leviticus 26:35, 43 Leviticus 26:43.
Hithpoel הִשְׁתּוֹמֵם but the fut. once יִשֹּׁמֵם Ecclesiastes 7:16.
(1) to be astonished, Isaiah 59:16, 63:5 to be confounded, Daniel 8:27 to be disheartened, Psalms 143:4.
(3) to lay oneself waste, to destroy oneself, Ecc. l.l.
Derivatives, שָׁמֵם-שִׁמָּמוֹן, שַׁמָּה, מְשַׁמָּה, and the pr.n. שַׁמָּא, שַׁמַּי.
