a Roman Catholic theologian of Germany, was born at Aschaffenburg, December 13, 1811. In 1836 he received holy orders, went to Munich in 1838 as professor of canon law and New-Test. exegesis, and was made canon of St. Cajetan in 1839; in 1842 he became a member of the Munich Academy of Sciences, in 1846 general vicar, and died August 24 1861. He wrote, Sancta Sacra de Theologumenis Vedanticorum (Bonn, 1833): — Ueber den Somacultus der Arier (Munich, 1846): — Ursagen der arischen Volker (ibid. 1853): — Die persische Anahita (ibid. 1856): — Anahita (ibid. eod.): — Mithra ( Leipsic, 1857): — Vindiciae Petrinae (Regensburg, 1836 ): — Erklarung des Briefes an die Galater (Mayence, 1843). His studies on Zoroaster were edited by Spiegel (Berlin, 1863). See Dr. Friedr. Windischmann. Ein Lebensbild (Augsburg, 1861); Theol. Universal lexikon, s.v.; Literarischer Handweiser, 1862, page 18. (B.P.)