In a fragment of Hegesippus preserved by Eusebius (H. E. 4:22), we have an enumeration of some of the earliest heretics: "Simon, whence arc the Simonians; Cleobius, whence the Cleobians (Κλεοβιηνοί ,) etc." Cleobius is rarely mentioned by ecclesiastical writers. He, together with Simon, is accused of the forgery of apocryphal books (Ap. Coast. 6:16). Pseudo- Chrysostom, in the 48th homily on St. Matthew (vol. vi, p. cxcix), names Dositheus, Simon, and Cleobius among the false teachers who came in the name of Christ in fulfilment of our Lord's prophecy (Matthew 24:5).