a town of south-eastern Spain, in the province of Almeria; on the southern slope of the Sierra Alhamilla, and on the small river Artal, which flows into the Mediterranean Sea 6 m. S.W. Pop. (1900) 12,497. Diespite the lack of railway communication, Nijar is a place of some commercial importance. Lead, iron and manganese are mined in the neighbouring mountains; the fertile plain watered by the Artal yields an abundance of wheat, fruit, olives and esparto grass; and fine porcelain and woollen and cotton goods are manufactured in the town.