(Mid. Eng. jawe, jowe and geowe, O. Eng. cheowan, connected with "chaw" and "chew," and in form with "jowl"), in anatomy, the term for the upper maxillary bone, and the mandible or lower maxillary bone of the skull; it is sometimes loosely applied to all the lower front parts of the skull (q.v.).
ABU MANSUR MAUHUB UL-JAWALIQI (1073-1145), Arabian grammarian, was born at Bagdad, where he studied philology under Tibrizi and became famous for his handwriting. In his later years he acted as imam to the caliph Moqtafi. His chief work is the Kitab ul-Mu`arrab, or "Explanation of Foreign Words used in Arabic." The text was edited from an incomplete manuscript by E. Sachau (Leipzig, 1867). Many of the lacunae in this have been supplied from another manuscript by W. Spitta in the Journal of the German Oriental Society, xxxiii. 208 sqq. Another work, written as a supplement to the Durrat ul-Ghawwas of Hariri (q.v.), has been published as "Le Livre des locutions vicieuses," by H. Derenbourg in Morgenlandische Forschungen (Leipzig, 1875), pp. 107-166. (G. W. T.)