Credit: Gts-tg
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 DEED
Credit URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org...
Comments: Bronze furnace, Aegina, Greece 2200 BC (model). Thessaloniki Technology Museum
Credit: Gts-tg
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 DEED
Credit URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org...
Comments: Ceramics furnace, Corinth, Greece, 6th century BC (reconstruction), Thessaloniki Technology Museum
Credit: Hanay
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 DEED
Credit URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org...
Beit Shaarim is an archaeological site located in the Lower Galilee. There was an important Jewish settlement there during the Second Temple period,
The Mishnah and the Talmud. Many burial caves were discovered on the site that were used by local residents and Jews from the Diaspora who came to be buried near the grave of Rabbi Yehuda Hanasi
A large gate threshold, about 4 meters wide, discovered in Beit Shaarim in 2017. The rampart was part of a wall that apparently surrounded the settlement in the second century AD. Next to the gate is the gate tower. North of it outside the gate is a circular kiln that was used for the production of all ceramics at the end of the fourth century AD.
Credit: Bukvoed
License: CC BY 3.0 DEED
Credit URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org...
Comments: Migdal Afek, Israel. Lime kilns.
From Easton: Furnace, (1.) Chald. attun, a large furnace with a wide open mouth, at the top of which materials were cast in (Daniel 3:22, Daniel 3:23; comp. Jeremiah 29:22). This furnace would be in constant requisition, for the Babylonians disposed of their dead by cremation, as did also the Accadians who invaded Mesopotamia.
(2.) Heb. kibshan, a smelting furnace (Genesis 19:28), also a lime-kiln (Isaiah 33:12; Amos 2:1).
(3.) Heb. kur, a refining furnace (Proverbs 17:3; Proverbs 27:21; Ezekiel 22:18).
(4.) Heb. alil, a crucible; only used in Psalms 12:6.
(5.) Heb. tannur, oven for baking bread (Genesis 15:17; Isaiah 31:9; Nehemiah 3:11). It was a large pot, narrowing towards the top. When it was heated by a fire made within, the dough was spread over the heated surface, and thus was baked. "A smoking furnace and a burning lamp" (Genesis 15:17), the symbol of the presence of the Almighty, passed between the divided pieces of Abraham's sacrifice in ratification of the covenant God made with him. (See OVEN)
(6.) Gr. kamnos, a furnace, kiln, or oven (Matthew 13:42, Matthew 13:50; Revelation 1:15; Revelation 9:2).
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