sanctified . All the texts and the Syriac read "beloved" ( App-135 .)
by = in. App-104 .
God . App-98 .
Father . App-98 .
preserved = kept. Greek. tereo . Occ five times in the epistle, verses: Jude 1:1 , Jude 1:6 , Jude 1:6 , Jude 1:13 , Jude 1:21 . The word phulasso is used in Jude 1:24 .
manner . Add "to these", i.e. the angels of Jude 1:6 . The sin of Sodom and Gomorrha, like that of the angels of Genesis 6:0 ( App-23 ,), was an unnatural one, breaking through the bounds which God had set.
giving, &c. Greek. ekporneuo. Only here. Anintensive form of porneuo, which occurs: 1 Corinthians 6:18 . &c.
strange = other. App-124 .
are set forth . Greek. prokeimai. See 2 Corinthians 8:12 .
example . Greek. deigma. Only here.
suffering = undergoing. Greek. hupecho. Only here.
archangel . See 1 Thessalonians 4:16 . No other angel bears this title.
contending . App-122 .
disputed . Greek. dialegomai. See Acts 17:2 .
about . App-104 .
Moses . The seventy-ninth occurance of the name. See Matthew 8:4 . This disputemust have taken place after the death of Moses and his burial by Jehovah, for "death reigned from Adam to (until) Moses" (Romans 5:14 ). The devilclaimed Moses for the death-state, but God raised him as representative ofthose hereafter to be raised, as Elijah of those to be caught up withoutdying.
Verse 1
Jude . See Introductory Notes.
the = a.
servant . App-190 .
Jesus Christ . App-98 .
James . See James 1:1 .
sanctified . All the texts and the Syriac read "beloved" ( App-135 .)
by = in. App-104 .
God . App-98 .
Father . App-98 .
preserved = kept. Greek. tereo . Occ five times in the epistle, verses: Jude 1:1 , Jude 1:6 , Jude 1:6 , Jude 1:13 , Jude 1:21 . The word phulasso is used in Jude 1:24 .
Verse 2
unto = to.
love . App-135 . The only salutation where "love" is mentioned.
multiplied . Compare 1 Peter 1:2 . 2 Peter 1:2 .
Verse 3
Beloved . App-135 .
when I gave = making.
the . The texts read "our".
common . Compare Titus 1:4 .
it was needful for me = I had need.
and exhort = exhorting. App-134 .
that ye should = to.
earnestly contend . Greek. epagonizomai. Only here. Compare agonizomai. Luke 13:24 .
faith . App-150 .
once = once for all.
delivered . Greek. paradidomi. See John 19:30 .
saints . See Acts 9:13 .
Verse 4
there are . Omit.
certain . App-124 .
men . App-123 .
crept in unawares . Greek. pareisduo. Only here. Compare Galatians 1:2 , Galatians 1:4 . 2 Peter 2:1 .
before . . . ordained = before written. Greek. prographo. See Romans 15:4 .
condemnation . App-177 .
ungodly men = impious. Greek. asebes. See Romans 4:5 , and compare App-128 .
turning = changing. Greek. metatithemi. See Acts 7:16 .
grace . App-184 .
into . App-104 .
lasciviousness . Greek. aselgeia. See Romans 13:13 .
denying . See 2 Peter 2:1 .
Lord . App-98 .
God . The texts omit.
Lord . App-98 .
Verse 5
will . App-102 .
put . . . in remembrance . Greek. hupomimnesko. See John 14:26 . knew. App-132 .
LORD . App-98 . Some texts (not the Syriac) read "Jesus". Compare 1 Corinthians 10:4 .
People . Greek. laos. See Acts 2:47 .
land . App-129 .
afterward . Literally the second time, or in the second place.
destroyed . Greek. apollumi. See John 17:12 .
believed . App-150 .
Verse 6
kept . Same as "preserved", Jude 1:1 .
their first estate = their own principality ( App-172 .) Compare Ephesians 1:21 ; Ephesians 3:10 ; 2 Chronicles 1:16; 2 Chronicles 1:16 ; Colossians 2:10 , Colossians 2:15 .
habitation . Greek. oikiterion. Only here and 2 Corinthians 5:2 .
reserved . Same as "kept", above.
everlasting . App-151 .
chains . Greek. desmos. Not same word as Revelation 20:1 .
under . App-104 .
darkness . See 2 Peter 2:4 .
judgment . App-177 .
day . See Matthew 25:41 .Revelation 20:10 , Revelation 20:11 .
Verse 7
about . App-104 .
manner . Add "to these", i.e. the angels of Jude 1:6 . The sin of Sodom and Gomorrha, like that of the angels of Genesis 6:0 ( App-23 ,), was an unnatural one, breaking through the bounds which God had set.
giving, &c. Greek. ekporneuo. Only here. Anintensive form of porneuo, which occurs: 1 Corinthians 6:18 . &c.
strange = other. App-124 .
are set forth . Greek. prokeimai. See 2 Corinthians 8:12 .
example . Greek. deigma. Only here.
suffering = undergoing. Greek. hupecho. Only here.
vengeance . App-177 .
eternal . App-151 .
Verse 8
also these = these also.
dreamers = in their dreamings. Greek. enupniazomai. See Acts 2:17 .
defile . See John 18:28 .
despise . Greek. atheteo. See John 12:48 (rejecteth).
dominion = lordship. See Ephesians 1:21 . 2 Peter 2:10 (government).
speak evil of = blaspheme.
dignities . Literally glories. Compare 2 Peter 2:10 .
Verse 9
Michael . See Daniel 10:13 .
archangel . See 1 Thessalonians 4:16 . No other angel bears this title.
contending . App-122 .
disputed . Greek. dialegomai. See Acts 17:2 .
about . App-104 .
Moses . The seventy-ninth occurance of the name. See Matthew 8:4 . This disputemust have taken place after the death of Moses and his burial by Jehovah, for "death reigned from Adam to (until) Moses" (Romans 5:14 ). The devilclaimed Moses for the death-state, but God raised him as representative ofthose hereafter to be raised, as Elijah of those to be caught up withoutdying.
bring against . Greek. epiphero. See Acts 19:12 .
railing accusation . Literally judgment ( App-177 .) of railing (Greek. blasphemia) .
LORD . App-98 .
Verse 10
know . App-132 .
naturally . Greek. phusikos. Only here. Compare 2 Peter 2:12 .
brute . See 2 Peter 2:12 .
in . App-104 .
corrupt themselves = are destroyed. Greek. phtheiro. See 1 Corinthians 3:17 .
Verse 11
have gone = went.
Cain . His way was that of natural religion, not the way God hadappointed.
ran greedily = rushed. Literally were poured out. Greek. ekchuno. Often translated "shed".
reward . Same word as in 2 Peter 2:13 , 2 Peter 2:15 .
perished . Greek. apollumi. See John 17:12 .
gainsaying . Greek. antilogia. See Hebrews 6:16 ; Hebrews 12:3 . In five places wherethe Hebrew has "Meribah", the Septuagint translates it by antilogia. Numbers 20:13 ; Numbers 27:14 .Deuteronomy 32:51 ; Deuteronomy 33:8 . Psalms 81:7 .
Core . Korah, as the two others, resisted the declared will of God.
Verse 12
spots = hidden rocks, as the texts. Greek. spilas. Only here. The word in Ephesians 5:27 and 2 Peter 2:13 is spilos.
feasts of charity . Literally loves, i.e. love-feasts. App-135 .
when they feast = feasting. See 2 Peter 2:13 .
feeding . Literally pasturing, as a shepherd does his flock.
themselves . Making the love-feast an occasion of gratifying the appetite, instead of promoting spiritual edification. Compare Ezekiel 34:2 .
whose fruit withereth = in autumnal decay. Greek. phthinoporinos. Onlyhere.
without fruit . Greek. akarpos. Elsewhere translated "unfruitful".
Verse 13
Raging = Wild. Greek. agrios. Occurs: Matthew 3:4 .Mark 1:6 .
foaming out . Greek. epaphrizo. Only here.
wandering . Greek. planetes. Only here.
is = hath been.
blackness . Same as "darkness", Jude 1:6 .
for ever . App-151 . a.
Verse 14
And, &c . Read, "And to these also Enoch".
Behold . App-133 .:2.
cometh . Literally came.
with = among. App-104 .
saints = holy ones, i.e. angels. Compare Deuteronomy 33:2 , Revised Version Matthew 25:31 .Mark 8:38 .
Verse 15
upon = against. App-104 .
convince = convict. Greek. exelencho. Only here, but the texts read elencho , as John 8:9 .
that are = the.
among = of. The texts omit.
their = the.
ungodly deeds = works of impiety ( App-128 . IV).
have . Omit.
ungodly committed . See 2 Peter 2:6 .
have spoken = spake. App-121 .
against . App-104 .
Verse 16
murmurers. Greek. gongustes. Only here. Compare John 6:41 .Acts 6:1 .
complainers . Greek. mempsimoiros. Only here.
after . App-104 .
great swelling . See 2 Peter 2:18 .
having , &c. = admiring persons.
because of. Greek. charin . See 1 John 3:12 .
advantage = profit. See Romans 3:1 .
Verse 17
words . Greek. rhema, See Mark 9:32 .
were = have been.
apostles . App-189 .
Lord . App-98 .
Verse 18
told = said to.
should = shall.
mockers = scoffers. See 2 Peter 3:3 .
in . The texts read App-104 .
who, &c . walking.
ungodly lusts = lusts of impieties ( App-128 . IV).
Verse 19
separate themselves = are separating. Greek. apodiorizo. Only here.
sensual . Greek. psuchikos. See 1 Corinthians 2:14 .James 3:15 .
Spirit . Here "spirit". App-101 .
Verse 20
building up. See Acts 20:32 .
faith App-150 .; i.e. the object of faith Compare 1 Corinthians 3:11 .
praying . App-134 .
Holy Ghost = holy spirit. App-101 .
Verse 21
the love of God = God's love to you, i.e. the assurance of it, basedon His Word.
looking for . Greek. prosdechomai. See Acts 23:21 .
life . App-170 .
Verse 22
have compassion . Some texts read elencho, "convict".
making, &c . App-122 ., but several texts read "when they contend".
Verse 23
with. The texts read en . App-104 .
spotted . Greek. spiloo, See James 3:6 , and compare Revelation 3:4 .
Verse 24
keep = guard. Greek. phulassso. Compare John 17:12 .
from falling = without falling. Greek. aptaistos. Only here. Compare Romans 11:11 (stumble).
present = set, or make stand. See Acts 22:30 .
faultless = blameless. Greek. amomos. See Ephesians 1:4 .Colossians 1:22 .
before the presence of. Greek. katenopion. See 2 Corinthians 2:17 .
glory . See p. 1511exceeding joy = exultation. Greek. agalliasis. See Acts 2:46 .
Verse 25
wise . All the texts omit. Compare 1 Timothy 1:17 .
majesty . Greek. megalosune. See Hebrews 1:3 .
dominion . App-172 .
power . App-172 .
now, &c . The texts read "before every age and now and unto all the ages".
ever . App-151 .