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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #5647 - עָבַד
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to work, serve
- (Qal)
- to labour, work, do work
- to work for another, serve another by labour
- to serve as subjects
- to serve (God)
- to serve (with Levitical service)
- (Niphal)
- to be worked, be tilled (of land)
- to make oneself a servant
- (Pual) to be worked
- (Hiphil)
- to compel to labour or work, cause to labour, cause to serve
- to cause to serve as subjects
- (Hophal) to be led or enticed to serve
- (Qal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
2518) dbo (אהבד AhBD) AC: Serve CO: Servant AB: Service: A work performed or made for another out of obligation, requirement or gratitude. (eng: obey)
V) dbo (אהבד AhBD) - I. Serve:To provide a service to another or to work at a profession. [Hebrew and Aramaic] II. Do:[Aramaic only] KJV (318): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal, Pual) serve, do, till, servant, work, worshipper, service, dress, labour, ear, make, go, keep, move, wrought - Strongs: H5647 (עָבַד), H5648 (עֲבַד)
Nm) dbo (אהבד AhBD) - Servant: KJV (808): servant, manservant, bondman, bondage, bondservant, sides - Strongs: H5649 (עֲבַד), H5650 (עֶבֶד), H5652 (עֲבָד)
Nf3) tfdbo (אהבדות AhBDWT) - Servitude: A forced service. KJV (3): bondage - Strongs: H5659 (עַבְדוּת)
am) dbom (מאהבד MAhBD) - Service: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (2): work - Strongs: H4566 (מַעֲבָד), H4567 (מַעֲבָד)
bf1) edibo (אהבידה AhBYDH) - Service: [Aramaic only] KJV (6): work, affair, service - Strongs: H5673 (עֲבִידָה)
cf1) edfbo (אהבודה AhBWDH) - Service: KJV (141): service, servile, work, bondage, act, serve, servitude, tillage, effect, labour - Strongs: H5656 (עֲבוֹדָה)
df1) edfbo (אהבודה AhBWDH) - Servant: KJV (2): servant, household - Strongs: H5657 (עֲבֻדָּה)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal272 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Ezekiel 29:18 +; suffix עֲבָדוֺ Malachi 3:18 +; 3 masculine plural עָֽבְדוּ Deuteronomy 7:4; עָבָ֑דוּ Numbers 4:26, + 64t. Perfect; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲבֹד Genesis 25:23 +; suffix יַעַבְדֵ֫נִי Exodus 4:23; יַעַבְדֶ֫נּוּ Psalm 22:31; 2 Kings 10:18; 3 masculine plural יַעַבְדוּ Deuteronomy 12:30 +; יַעֲבֹ֑דוּ Genesis 15:14 (Dr§ 103) Job 36:11; 2 masculine plural תַּעַבְדוּן Exodus 3:12, תַּעֲבֹד֑וּן Joshua 24:15, + 99t. Imperfect; (תָּעָבְדֵם, נָָֽעָבְדֵם see
Hoph`al); Imperative עֲבֹד 1 Samuel 26:19; suffix עָבְדֵהוּ 1 Chronicles 28:9; עִבְדוּ Exodus 5:18 15t.; עֲבֹ֑דוּ Ezekiel 20:39; suffix עִבְדֻהוּ 1 Samuel 7:3; Infinitive construct עֲבֹד Malachi 3:14 +; עֲבָדֿ Jeremiah 34:9,10; suffix עָבְדוֺ Jeremiah 27:6 +, etc.; Participle עֹבֵד Genesis 4:2 +; plural עֹבְדִים Numbers 18:21 +; construct עֹבְדֵי Psalm 97:7 +; suffix עֹבְדָיו 2 Kings 10:19; עֹבְדֵיהֶם Zechariah 2:13; —
1 labour, work, do work: absolute Exodus 20:9 = Exodus 34:21 = Deuteronomy 5:13 (4th word); Exodus 5:18 (E) Ecclesiastes 5:11; with accusative of thing, till the ground Genesis 2:5; Genesis 3:23; Genesis 4:2,12 (J), 2 Samuel 9:10; Isaiah 30:24; Jeremiah 27:11; Zechariah 13:5; Proverbs 12:11; Proverbs 28:19 object omitted Deuteronomy 15:19; Ezekiel 48:19; vineyard Deuteronomy 28:39; garden Genesis 2:16 (J); עֹבְרֵי פִשְׁתִּים Isaiah 19:9 workers in flax; עֹבְדֵ(יׅהָעִיר Ezekiel 48:18,19 labourers of the city; עֲבֹדָתוֺ׳ע Isaiah 28:21 work his work (only here of God, "" עשׂהמַעֲשֵׂהוּ); עבדה על׳ע Ezekiel 29:18 serve a military service against.
2 work for another, serve him by labour: absolute Exodus 21:2 (E); with accusative pers Genesis 29:15; Genesis 31:6; Exodus 21:6 (E) Deuteronomy 15:12,18; Malachi 3:17; Jeremiah 34:14, king his people 1 Kings 12:7; subject animals Jeremiah 27:6; Job 39:9; with accusative of person and thing Genesis 30:26 (twice in verse); Genesis 30:29 (J); with לְ person 2 Samuel 16:19; עִם Genesis 29:25,30 (E) Leviticus 25:40 (P); עִמָּדִי Genesis 29:27 (E); לִפְנֵי 2 Samuel 16:19 (twice in verse); with בְּ of price Genesis 29:18,20,25; Genesis 31:41 (E) Hosea 12:13; Ezekiel 29:20; with בְּ person work by means of another, use him as slave, Exodus 1:14; Leviticus 25:39,46 (P) Jeremiah 22:13; Jeremiah 25:14; Jeremiah 27:7; Jeremiah 30:8; Jeremiah 34:9,10.
3 serve as subjects: usually with accusative, their own chiefs or kings Judges 9:28 (twice in verse); Judges 9:38; 1 Samuel 11:1; 1 Kings 5:1 +; other kings, by tribute Psalm 18:44 = 2 Samuel 22:44; Jeremiah 27:7; Jeremiah 28:14; 2 Kings 25:24 +, other nations 2 Samuel 10:19; Jeremiah 40:9; Zechariah 2:13 +, kings other kings 2 Kings 18:7 +, with לְ, 1 Samuel 4:9 (twice in verse); מַס עֹבֵד Genesis 49:15 (J) Joshua 16:10; 1 Kings 9:21 (see מַס); with בְּ person, work with, i.e. use as subjects, impose tribute upon, Jeremiah 25:14; Jeremiah 27:7; Jeremiah 30:8; Ezekiel 34:27.
4 serve God:
a. with accusative ׳י, Exodus 3:12; Exodus 4:23; Exodus 7:16; Exodus 7:26 (JE), Psalm 22:31; Job 21:15; Malachi 3:14 +; with accusative of person and thing Exodus 10:26 (E); accusative of person omitted, Jeremiah 2:20 (read אֶעֱבוֺד Kt), עבד זבח ומנחה Isaiah 19:21 serve with peace-offering and grain-offering; עבד עֲבֹדָה Exodus 13:5 (of מַצֹּת).
b. other gods, with accusative׳א Deuteronomy 7:16; Deuteronomy 12:2,30; אלהים אחרים Deuteronomy 7:4; Deuteronomy 8:19; Deuteronomy 11:16; Deuteronomy 13:7; Deuteronomy 13:14; Deuteronomy 17:3; Deuteronomy 28:14,36,64; Deuteronomy 29:25; Deuteronomy 30:17; Deuteronomy 31:20; Joshua 23:16; Joshua 24:2,16; Judges 2:10; Judges 10:13; 1 Samuel 8:8; 1 Samuel 26:19; 1 Kings 9:6,9; 2 Kings 17:35; 2 Chronicles 7:19,22; Jeremiah 11:10; Jeremiah 13:10; Jeremiah 16:11,13; Jeremiah 22:9; Jeremiah 25:6; Jeremiah 35:15 (all D and Jeremiah); אֱלֹהֵי הַגּוֺיִם Deuteronomy 29:17; זָרִים Jeremiah 5:19; כל צבא השׁמים Deuteronomy 4:19; 2 Kings 21:3; 2 Chronicles 33:3; Jeremiah 8:2; הבעל(יםׅ Judges 2:11; Judges 3:7; Judges 10:6; Judges 10:10; 1 Samuel 12:10; 1 Kings 16:31; 1 Kings 22:54; 2 Kings 10:18 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 10:19 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 10:21,22,23 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 17:16; אלהי נֵכָר Joshua 24:20; Jeremiah 5:19; (הַ)גִּלּוּלִים 2 Kings 17:12; 2 Kings 21:21 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 20:39; האשׁרים 2 Chronicles 24:18; עצבים Psalm 106:36; פסיל(יםׅ 2 Chronicles 33:22; 2 Kings 17:41; פסל 2 Kings 97:7; with לְ, לבעל Judges 2:13; לאלהים אחרים Jeremiah 44:3.
5 serve ׳י with Levilical service (all P; compare RS Sem i. 69): with accusative עבד עֲבֹדָה (see עֲבֹדָה) Numbers 3:7,8; Numbers 4:23,30,47; Numbers 7:5; Numbers 8:11,19,22,26; Numbers 16:9; Numbers 18:6,21,23; Joshua 22:27; accusative omitted Numbers 4:24,26,37,41; Numbers 8:15 (but ⅏ᵐ5 עבדה), Numbers 8:25; Numbers 18:7.
Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נֶעְבָּ֑ד Ecclesiastes 5:8; 2 masculine plural נֶעֱבַדְתֶּם Ezekiel 36:9; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָבֵד Deuteronomy 21:4; 3 feminine singular תֵּעָבֵד Ezekiel 36:34; —
1 be tilled, of land Deuteronomy 21:4; Ezekiel 36:9,34.
2 Ecclesiastes 5:8 מֶלֶךְ לְשָׂדֶה נֶעְבָּ֑ד dubious: a king for (devoted to) the cultivated field (Hi); a king that maketh himself servant to the field (devoted to agriculture), De see Commentaries, especially De.
Pual Perfect 3 masculine singular עֻבַּד Deuteronomy 21:3; Isaiah 14:3; passive of
Qal, with בְּ impersonal Deuteronomy 21:3 of a calf with which it has not been worked; hard service with which it was worked with captives Isaiah 14:3.
Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶעֱבִיד Ezekiel 29:18; 2 masculine singular suffix הֶעֱבַדְתַּ֫נִי Isaiah 43:24, הֶעֱבַדְתִּיךָ Isaiah 43:23, וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ Jeremiah 17:4; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיַּעֲבֵד 2 Chronicles 34:33; 3 masculine plural יַעֲבִדוּ Exodus 1:13;
Infinitive constructהַעֲבִיד 2 Chronicles 2:17; Participle plural מַעֲבִדִים Exodus 6:15; —
1 compel to labour as slaves Exodus 1:13; Exodus 6:5 (P) 2 Chronicles 2:17, + Genesis 47:21 (reading הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים), 2 Samuel 12:31 (reading וְהֶעֱבִיד + בְּ at; on both these see עבר
Hiph`il near the end); cause to serve, of army's service against, with accusative + (על)אל Ezekiel 29:18; cause to labour, weary, with בְּ of means Isaiah 43:23,24 (perhaps play on meanings 2,3).
2 make to serve as subjects, with 2accusative Jeremiah 17:4, + Jeremiah 15:14 (read וְהַעֲבַרְתִּיךָ see עבר
Hiph`il near the end).
3 cause to serve God 2 Chronicles 34:33.
Hoph`al Imperfect 2 masculine singular suffix תָּֽעָבְדֵם Exodus 20:5 = Deuteronomy 5:9; Exodus 23:24; 1 plural suffix נָָֽעָבְדֵם Deuteronomy 13:3 (Kö i. 259 Sta§ 549 g Thes; < Nes Marg. 12f. Qal anomalously pointed (compare W AG. ed. 2, i, 62n. Fl Kl. Schr. i. 98); Ges§ 60 R. 1Dr Qal falsely pointed as Hoph`al); — be led or enticed to serve other gods Exodus 20:5 = Deuteronomy 5:9; Exodus 23:24; Deuteronomy 13:8.
עָבַד fut. יַעֲבֹד
(1) to labour, to work (ar=beiten), to do work. (Aram. ܥܒܕܰ, עֲבַד to do, i.q. Heb. עָשָׂה; Arab. عبد to worship God, see No. 2, b; Conj. II. to reduce to servitude, see No. 3,) Constr. absol. Exodus 20:9, שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תַּעֲבֹד “six days shalt thou labour” (opp. to שָׁבַת). Deuteronomy 5:13; Ecclesiastes 5:11. Followed by an acc. of the thing, to bestow labour on any thing (etwas be arbeiten), to till a field, Genesis 2:5, 3:23 4:2 a vineyard, Deuteronomy 28:39 a garden, Genesis 2:15 used of artisans, Isaiah 19:9, עֹבְדֵי פִשְׁתִּים “those who work in flax.” Ezekiel 48:18, עֹבדֵי־הָעִיר “those who work (in building) the city.” Without the acc. Deuteronomy 15:19, “thou shalt not till (the ground) (i.e. thou shalt not plough) with the firstling of thy ox.”
(2) to serve, to work for another, Genesis 29:20 commonly followed by an acc. of pers. to serve any one (Germ. jemanden bedienen), Genesis 27:40, 29:15 30:26 followed by לְ 1 Samuel 4:9 עִם with some one, Genesis 29:25, 30 Genesis 29:30; Leviticus 25:40 and לִפְנֵי 2 Samuel 16:19 (used of the king’s minister, comp. עָמַד לִפְנֵי). Followed by two acc. Genesis 30:29, יָדַעְתָּ אֵת אֲשֶׁר עֲבַדְתִּיךָ “thou knowest how I have served thee.” Specially to serve is used
(a) of a people to a people, Genesis 14:4, 15:14 25:23 Isaiah 19:23. Here belongs Genesis 15:13, וַעֲבָדוּם וְעִנּוּ אֹתָם “and they (the Israelites) shall serve them (the Egyptians), and they (the Egyptians) shall evil intreat them.”
(b) to serve God or idols; i.e. to worship God or idols, followed by an acc. Exodus 3:12, 9:1, 13 Deuteronomy 4:19, 8:19 30:17 followed by לְ Jeremiah 44:3; Judges 2:13. Absol. used of the worship of Jehovah, Job 36:11, “if they obey and serve (Jehovah).” Isaiah 19:23, “and the Egyptians shall serve (Jehovah) with the Assyrians;” (see above as to the Arabic usage).-It is also said
(c) with two accus. to serve Jehovah with anything, i.e. to offer sacrifice, Exodus 10:26 and without the name of God, עָבַד זֶבַח וּמִנְחָה to offer sacrifice and bloodless oblation, Isaiah 19:21, prop. to serve or worship (God) with offering sacrifices, etc.
(3) עָבַד בְּ causat. i.q. הֱעֶבִיד (comp. בְּ letter B, 4) to impose labour or servitude upon any one. Leviticus 25:39, לֹא תַעֲבֹד בּוֹ עֲבֹדַת עָֽבֶד “thou shalt not impose upon him servile work;” verse 46 Leviticus 25:46; Exodus 1:14; Jeremiah 22:13, 25:14 30:8.
Niphal
(a) to be tilled as a field, Deuteronomy 21:4; Ezekiel 36:9, 34 Ezekiel 36:34.
(b) to be served, as a king by his subjects, Ecclesiastes 5:8.
Pual
(1) i.q. Niph., Deuteronomy 21:3 comp. 15:19.
(2) pass. of Kal No. 3. Isaiah 14:3, “the hard bondage אֲשֶׁר עֻבַּד בָּךְ which was laid upon thee.” For עֻבַּד one would expect עֻבְּדָה, but see Hebr. Gramm. § 138, 1, b.
Hiphil
(1) causat. of Kal No. 1, to cause to labour, to compel to do work, followed by an acc., Exodus 1:13, 6:5 hence to cause weariness by hard labour, to fatigue. Isaiah 43:24, “I have not wearied thee with (offering) sacrifices … 24, אַךְ הֱעֶבַדְתַּנִי בְּחַטֹּאותֶיךָ but thou hast wearied me with thy sins.”
(2) causat. of No. 2, to make to serve, Ezekiel 29:18 to bring (a people) into bondage, Jeremiah 17:4.
(3) causat. of No. 2, b, 2 Chronicles 34:33.
Hophal, הָעֳבַד to be made to serve, or to worship, Exodus 20:5 לֹא תָעָבְדֵם “thou shalt not be made to worship them (false Gods);” 23:24 Deuteronomy 5:9 hence to serve at the persuasion, incitement of others, 13:3.
Hence are derived the nouns which immediately follow, עֶבֶד-עֹבַדְיָה, and also מַעֲבָד.