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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3954 - παῤῥησία
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- freedom in speaking, unreservedness in speech
- openly, frankly, i.e without concealment
- without ambiguity or circumlocution
- without the use of figures and comparisons
- free and fearless confidence, cheerful courage, boldness, assurance
- the deportment by which one becomes conspicuous or secures publicity
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παρρησί-α, ἡ,
(πᾶς, ῥῆσις)
outspokenness, frankness, freedom of speech, claimed by the Athenians as their privilege, ἐλεύθεροι παρρησίᾳ θάλλοντες οἰκοῖεν πόλιν κλεινῶν Ἀθηνῶν E. Hipp. 422, cf. Ion 672; παρρησίᾳ φράζειν Id. Ba. 668; ἔχειν π. Id. Ph. 391; οὔσης παρρησίας Ar. Th. 541; διδόναι π. τισί Isoc. 2.28; ἐλευθερίας ἡ πόλις μεστὴ καὶ π. γίγνεται Pl. R. 557b; τἀληθῆ μετὰ παρρησίας ἐρῶ D. 6.31; τὴν ὑπὲρ τῶν δικαίων π. ἀποδόμενος Din. 2.1; δημοκρατίας οὔσης οὐκ ἔστι π. Isoc. 8.14; π. καὶ ἰσηγορία καὶ δημοκρατία Plb. 2.38.6; περὶ παρρησίας, title of work by Philodemus.
2. in bad sense, licence of tongue, ἡ εἰς τοὺς θεοὺς π. Isoc. 11.40, cf. Pl. Phdr. 240e, Cic. Att. 1.16.8.
3. freedom of action, Aristaenet. 2.7; π. ζωῆς καὶ θανάτου power of life and death, Vett. Val. 6.3,al.; licence, permission, Just. Nov. 1.1.1; παρρησίᾳ ἐκτέμνεται τὸ δέρμα without fear, Aët. 15.8; ἤγαγον ὑμᾶς μετὰ παρρησίας openly, LXX Leviticus 26:13.
4. liberality, lavishness, κεκόσμηκε τὸν αὑτοῦ βίον τῇ καλλίστῃ π. OGI 323.10(Pergam., ii B.C.); ἐπὶ τῇ.. τῶν καμάτων καὶ πάσης ἐπιμελείας παρρησίᾳ IG 5(1).547 (Sparta, iii A.D.); = copia, Gloss.
παρρησία, παρρησίας, ἡ (πᾶν and ῤῆσις; cf. ἀρρησια silence, καταρρησις accusation, πρόρρησις prediction);
1. freedom in speaking, unreservedness in speech (Euripides, Plato, Demosthenes, others): ἡ παρρησία τίνος, Acts 4:13; χρῆσθαι παρρησία, 2 Corinthians 3:12; παρρησία adverbially — freely: λαλεῖν, John 7:13, 26; John 18:20; — openly, frankly, i. e. without concealment: Mark 8:32; John 11:14; — without ambiguity or circumlocution: εἶπε ἡμῖν παρρησία (Philemon 1, Meineke edition, p. 405), John 10:24; — without the use of figures and comparisons, opposed to ἐν παροιμίαις: John 16:25, and R G in 29 (where L T Tr WH ἐν παρρησία); ἐν παρρησία, freely, Ephesians 6:19; μετά παρρησίας, Acts 28:31; εἶπεν, Acts 2:29; λαλεῖν, Acts 4:29, 31.
2. free and fearless confidence, cheerful courage, boldness, assurance, (1 Macc. 4:18; Wis. 5:1; Josephus, Antiquities 9, 10, 4; 15, 2, 7; (cf. Winer's Grammar, 23)): Philippians 1:20 (opposed to αἰσχύνεσθαι, cf. Wiesinger at the passage); ἐν πίστει, resting on, 1 Timothy 3:13, cf. Huther at the passage; ἔχειν παρρησίαν εἰς τί, Hebrews 10:19; πολλή μοι (ἐστι) παρρησία πρός ὑμᾶς, 2 Corinthians 7:4; of the confidence impelling one to do something, ἔχειν παρρησία with an infinitive of the thing to be done, Philemon 1:8 (Test xii. Patr., test. Rub. 4); of the undoubting confidence of Christians relative to their fellowship with God, Ephesians 3:12; Hebrews 3:6; Hebrews 10:35; μετά παρρησίας, Hebrews 4:16; ἔχειν παρρησίαν, opposed to αἰσχύνεσθαι to be covered with shame, 1 John 2:28; before the judge, 1 John 4:17; with πρός τόν Θεόν added, 1 John 3:21; 1 John 5:14.
3. the deportment by which one becomes conspicuous or secures publicity (Philo de victim. offer. § 12): ἐν παρρησία, before the public, in view of all, John 7:4 (opposed to ἐν τῷ κρύπτω); John 11:54 (without ἐν); Colossians 2:15 (where cf. Lightfoot).
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παρρησία , -ας , ἡ
(< πᾶς + ῥῆσις , speech),
[in LXX; Leviticus 26:13 (μετὰ Papyri, קוֺמְמִיּוּת H6968), Proverbs 1:20; Proverbs 10:10, Wisdom of Solomon 5:1, al.;]
1. freedom of speech, plainness, openness, freedom in speaking (Eur., Plat., al.) : Acts 4:13, 2 Corinthians 3:12; παρρησίᾳ , adverbially, freely, openly, plainly, Mark 8:32, John 7:13; John 7:26; John 10:24; John 11:14; John 16:29; John 18:20; opp. to ἐν παροιμίαις , John 16:25; ἐν Papyri, Ephesians 6:19; μετὰ Papyri, Acts 2:29; Acts 4:29; Acts 4:31; Acts 28:31
2. In LXX (1 Maccabees 4:18, Wisdom of Solomon 5:1, al.), FlJ, and NT, also (from the absence of fear which accompanies freedom of speech), confidence, boldness: 2 Corinthians 7:4, Philippians 1:20, 1 Timothy 3:13; ἔχειν Papyri, Ephesians 3:12, Philemon 1:8, Hebrews 3:6; Hebrews 10:19; Hebrews 10:35, 1 John 2:28; 1 John 3:21; 1 John 4:17; 1 John 5:14; μετὰ Papyri, He 416; ἐν Papyri, Colossians 2:15; id. (as בפרהסיא in Rabbinic lit.; v. Westc., Jo., i, 262), in public, John 7:4 and (without ἐν ) John 11:54.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
