Bible Lexicons

שִׁית fut. יָשִׁית, apoc. יָשֵׁת, וַיָּשֶׁת inf. absol. שֹׁת Isaiah 22:7, to put, to set, to place, i.q. שׂוּם τιθέναι, but less frequently used. (Allied roots in Hebrew are שָׁפַת and שָׁתַת, which see. It is altogether wanting in the kindred languages, but it is widely extended in the Indo-Germ. languages, both in the sense of placing and of sitting, see the Sanscr. sad, to sit; Gr. ἕζομαι, fut. ἑδοῦμαι (root hed); Lat. sedere; Goth. satjan, to place, to appoint; Anglo-Sax. sattan; Engl. to set; Germ. feßen, comp. Gr. With the vowel transposed there has hence, I suppose, arisen the cognate root stâ in ατά-ω, ἵστημι, sta-re.)

(1) to put, i.q. to set, to place, when applied to persons and things which stand upright (or, at least, sit, Psalms 132:11), or seem rather to stand than to lie down, e.g. to set a watch (watchmen), Psalms 141:3 any one on a throne (לְכִסֵּא), Psalms 132:11 to place a crown on a head (שִׁית עֲטֶרֶת לְרֹאשׁ), Psal. 21:4 and metaph. Genesis 3:15, “I will put enmity between thee and the woman.” Psalms 73:28, שַׁתִּי בַּאדֹנָי מַחֲסִי “I have put my trust in the Lord.” Specially

(a) to arrange, set in order, an army, but always with the omission of the acc. מַהֲנֶה (compare Joshua 8:2, 13 Joshua 8:13); fich ftellen, to set selves (in array), Isaiah 22:7. Psalms 3:7, אֲשֶׁר סָבִיב שָׁתוּ עָלַי “who have set their camp around against me.”

(b) to constitute, appoint any one prince, followed by two acc. 1 Kings 11:34 followed by an acc. and לְ Psalms 45:17 followed by עַל of thing, to appoint any one over anything, Genesis 41:33.

(c) i.q. to found, 1 Samuel 2:8, “and has placed upon them (the columns of the earth) the world.”

(d) שִׁית מוֹקְשִׁים to set snares, lay snares (Schlingen, Sprenkel aufftellen), i.e. to plot, Psalms 140:6.

(e) to set or appoint a bound, Exodus 23:31 used of a limit of time (חֹק), Job 14:13. Ellipt. and impers. Job 38:11, פֹּה יָשִׁית בִּגְאוֹן גַּלֶּיךָ “here shall one put (i.e. shall be put, sc. a bound) to the pride of thy waves.”

(f) followed by an acc. of pers. and בְּ of place, to put or set any one in any place (wohin verfeßen). Psal. 88:7, שַׁתַּנִי בְּבוֹר תַּחְתִּיּוֹת “thou hast placed (cast) me into the lowest pit.” Once, followed by לְ of pers. and בְּ of place, Psalms 73:18, בַּחֲלָקוֹת תָּשִׁית לָמוֹ “thou hast set them in slippery places;” compare Psal. 12:6, אָשִׁית בְּיֵשַׁע יָפִיהַ לוֹ “I will put in safety (ich verfeße in Sicherheit) (i.e. I will make secure) the oppressed.” A little different is שִׁית פּ׳ בְּ to put any one in any number, i.e. to reckon him to that number. 2 Samuel 19:29, “thou hast put me amongst those who eat at thy table;” and Jeremiah 3:19, אֵיךְ אֲשִׁיתֵךְ בַּבָּנִים “how (i.e. in what honour) shall I set thee amongst my children!”

(g) followed by עַל to collect, put together, Genesis 30:40.

(h) שִׁית פּ׳ עִם to set any one with another, to compare, to make equal, Job 30:1.

(2) to put any person or thing, so that it may lie down or recline, Germ. legen. Psalms 8:7, כֹּל שַׁתָּה תַחַת רַגְלְיו “thou hast put all things under his feet,” thou hast subjected them to him; Ruth 4:16, “and Naomi took the child, וַתְּשִׁיתֵהוּ בְחֵיקָהּ and placed it in her bosom;” Psalms 84:4, “a nest where (the sparrow) may lay her young” (where it is hardly allowable with Winer, p. 962, to explain שִׁית of birth). Specially

(a) שִׁית יָד עַל to place one’s hand on any one, Genesis 48:17 which is done in protecting, Psalms 139:5 or as an arbiter who lays his hand on the disputants, Job 9:33 the eyes of the dead (in filial piety towards parents), Genesis 46:4. On the other hand, יָד עִם שִׁית to put the hand with any one i.e. to join with any one in doing any thing, Exodus 23:1.-Ellipt. Job 10:20 שִׁית מִמֶּנִּי sc. יָֽדָךָ “take from me,” sc. the hand.

(b) followed by בְּ to put in any place, Job 38:36 “who hath put wisdom in thy reins?” Psalms 13:3 “how long shall I put cares (shall I leave them as put) in my heart?” Proverbs 26:24 בְּקִרְבוֹ יָשִׁית מִרְמָה “he puts (holds, cherishes) fraud in his breast.

(c) שִׁית עָלָיו עֲדִי to put on ornaments (den Schmuck anlegen), Exodus 33:4. Compare the noun שִׁית.

(d) followed by an acc. of thing, and עַל of pers. to lay something on any one, either something to be endured, Isaiah 15:9 (followed by לְ of pers. Ps. 9:21 ); or to be performed, Exodus 21:22 also to attribute, to impute blame to any one, Numbers 12:11.

(e) שִׁית לְנֶגְדּוֹ to put any thing before one’s self, for which one cares or takes heed, Psalms 90:8, 101:3. Sometimes from the nature of the case it is

(f) to pour out (as corn into the bosom of a garment), Ruth 3:15 to cast forth, Job 22:24 שִׁית עַל עָפָר בָּ֑צֶר “cast upon the ground the brass” (brazen treasures).

(3) to put, i.q. to direct, to turn, in any direction, as

(a) שִׁית פָּנִים אֶל to turn one’s face in any direction, Numbers 24:1.

(b) שׁ׳ עֵינַיִם followed by a gerund, to turn one’s eyes to do any thing, to attempt any thing, Psalms 17:11.

(c) שִׁית לֵב to turn the mind or heart to regard, 1 Samuel 4:20; Psalms 62:11; Proverbs 24:32 followed by אֶל to any thing, to regard any thing, Job 7:17; Proverbs 27:23 לְ Exodus 7:23; 2 Samuel 13:20; Psalms 48:14; Proverbs 22:17; Jeremiah 31:21.-From the sense of constituting (No. 1, b) arises

(4) to make, or render any thing so or so (in einen Zufaß verfeßen=wozu machen), followed by two acc. Isaiah 5:6, 26:1 Jeremiah 22:6; Psalms 21:7, 84:7 88:9 110:1 followed by an acc. and לְ Jeremiah 2:15, 13:16 followed by an acc. and כְּ (to make any one like any one), Isaiah 16:3; Hosea 2:5; Psalms 21:10, 83:12, 14 Psalms 83:14. More rarely absol. to make, to do, i.q. עָשָׂה, as שִׁית אֹתוֹת to do or perform miracles, Exodus 10:1. Hence

(5) followed by a dat. [“to make, or prepare for any one, i.q.”] to give, Genesis 4:25 impers. Hosea 6:11, גַּם יְהוּדָה שָׁת קְצִיר לָךְ “also for thee, O Judah, a harvest of (evils) is prepared.”

Hophal, pass. followed by עַל to be laid upon, Exodus 21:30.

Derivatives, שָׁת, שִׁית pr.n. שֵׁת.