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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #2556 - חָמֵץ
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to be leavened, be sour
- (Qal) to be leavened
- (Hiphil) to taste something leavened
- (Hithpael) to be embittered, grieved
- to be cruel, oppress, be ruthless
- to be red
- Book
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2173) ymh (ההמתס HhMTs) AC: ? CO: Sour AB: ?: The harsh taste of something that has fermented or soured. [from: mh- processing a food through heat or fermentation]
V) ymh (ההמתס HhMTs) - Sour: To be sour by adding leaven to bread. Also to sour in taste, thought or action. KJV (8): (vf: Paal, Hiphil, Hitpael) leaven, cruel, dye, grieve - Strongs: H2556 (חָמֵץ)
Nm) ymh (ההמתס HhMTs) - Leaven: Used for souring bread, also the bread that has been leavened. KJV (11): leaven - Strongs: H2557 (חָמֵץ)
bm) yimh (ההמיתס HhMYTs) - Soured: KJV (1): clean - Strongs: H2548 (חָמִיץ)
cm) yfmh (ההמותס HhMWTs) - Soured: KJV (1): oppressed - Strongs: H2541 (חָמוֹץ)
gm) ymfh (ההומתס HhWMTs) - Vine KJV (6): vinegar - Strongs: H2558 (חֹמֶץ)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
be sour; Aramaic חֲמַע be sour, leavened, 
be leavened) — Qal Perfect חָמֵץ Exodus 12:39; Imperfect יֶחְמָ֑ץ Exodus 12:34; Infinitive suffix חֻמְצָתוֺ Hosea 7:4 +; — be leavened, of dough (בָּצֵק), Exodus 12:34,39 (E), compare Hosea 7:4.
Hitph. be soured, embittered, Psalm 73:21 ("" כִּלְיוֺתַי אֶשְׁתּוֺנָן).
II. [חמץ] verb be red (? compare Aramaic 
Ethpa`al blush, be ashamed, possibly originally be red); —
Qal Passive participle construct חֲמוּץ בְּגָדִים red of garments Isaiah 63:1; possibly also Imperfect 3 feminine singular תֶּחֱמַץ Psalm 68:24 that thy foot may be red with blood (for ᵑ0תמחץ; so Krochm Hi Gr; most, however, read תרחץ see רחץ).
III. [חמץ] verb be ruthless (dubious √; perhaps by-form of חמס; perhaps erroneous for it; identification by most with I. חמץ, be sour, hence sharp, violent, but connection improbable) — only
Qal Participle active מִכַּף מְעַוֵּל וְחוֺמֵץ Psalm 71:4 from the hand of the unjust and ruthless ("" מִיַּד רָשָׁע).
חָמֵץ fut. יֶחֱמַץ, inf. חֻמְצָה to be sharp, eager. Used with regard
(1) to taste, hence to be sour, of leavened bread, Exodus 12:39, of vinegar (חֹמֶץ), also to be salted (see חָמִיץ ). Arab. حَمُضَ, Syr. ܚܡܰܨ. When used with reference to sight
(2) to be of a bright (i.e. a splendid) colour, such as dazzles the eyes; especially used of a bright red. Part. pass. חָמוּץ splendid, of the scarlet mantle of a ruler, Isaiah 63:1 [But it here means blood-stained; see the context, and Revelation 19:15 ]; compare verse, and LXX. Syr. Similarly the Greeks say, χρῶμα ὀξύ, i.e. κόκκινον, πορφύραι ὀξύταται, ὀξυφέγγη ῥόδα; see Bochart, Hieroz. i. p. 114; Simonis Arc. formarum, p. 66, 120.
(3) figuratively of the mind
(a) to act violently, like the kindred word חָמַס, whence part. חֹמֵץ violent, Psalms 71:4 comp. חָמוֹץ and חָמֵץ No. 2. (Eth. ዐመፀ፡ to be unjust, violent, to injure.)
(b) to be bitter, spoken of pain, see Hithpael.
Hiphil, to be embittered, i.e. to be affected with anger, pain., Psalms 73:21. (Chald. Pa. id.)
Hence חָמוֹץ, חָמִיץ and the following words.
חָמֵץ m.
(1) that which is leavened, Exodus 12:15, 13:3, Exodus 13:7, etc.
(2) probably that which is gained by violence and wrong, i.q. חָמָס Amos 4:5 see the root No. 3. So Chaldee. The ordinary signification of something leavened is not amiss in this passage, but that now given is preferable [?].
