the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4274 - πρόδρομος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a forerunner
- esp. one who is sent before to take observations or act as a spy, a scout, a light armed soldier
- one who comes in advance to a place where the rest are to follow
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
did not use
this Strong's Number
πρόδρομ-ος, ον,
running forward with headlong speed, π. ἦλθον A. Th. 211 (lyr.); φυγάδα πρόδρομον S. Ant. 108 (lyr.), etc.; μόλε π. v.l. in E. Ph. 296 (lyr.).
2. running before, going in advance, π. στρατιή Hdt. 9.14; κήρυκας π. προπέμπειν Id. 1.60; π. ἥκω E. IA 424; freq. of horsemen in advance of an army, Hdt. 4.121, 122; π. τῶν ἄλλων ἥκειν Id. 7.203, cf. Th. 2.22; λεὼς π. ἱππότας A. Th. 80 (lyr.); mounted skirmishers, οἱ π. 'guides', a special corps in the Maced. army, Arr. An. 1.12.7, cf. D.S. 17.17; οἱ ἀμφὶ [τὸν ἵππαρχον] πρόδρομοι X. Eq.Mag. 1.25; at Athens, Arist. Ath. 49.1; also, of light ships, Alciphr. 1.11 .
3. metaph., precursor, ἀστέρα . . ἀελίου π. Ion Lyr. 10; ἠπίαλος πυρετοῦ π. Ar. Fr. 332 (anap.); δείπνου π. ἄριστον Eub. 75.13; π. τοῦ δοκοῦντος καλλίστου εἶναι Pl. Chrm. 154a, cf. Plot. 6.7.7 .
4. π. (sc. οἶνος ), v. πρότροπος.
II as Subst., πρόδρομοι, οἱ,
1 v. supr. 1.2 .
2. northerly winds, preceding the etesian winds, Arist. Mete. 361b24, Pr. 941b7, Thphr. Vent. 11 .
3. early figs, Id. CP 5.1.5 sq., cf. Plin. HN 16.113 .
πρόδρομος, προδρομου, ὁ, ἡ (προτρέχω, προδραμεῖν), a forerunner (especially one who is sent before to take observations or act as spy, a scout, a light-armed soldier; Aeschylus, Herodotus, Thucydides, Polybius, Diodorus, Plutarch, others; cf. Wis. 12:8); one who comes in advance to a place whither the rest are to follow: Hebrews 6:20.
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πρό -δρομος , -ον
(< προτρέχω ),
[in LXX: Numbers 13:21 (20), Isaiah 28:4 (H1061), Wisdom of Solomon 12:8*;]
running forward, going in advance. As subst., ὁ Papyri, an advance guard, forerunner: Hebrews 6:20.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
";bring to,"; ";present,"; is seen in P Fay 21.17 (A.D. 134) τὰ βιβλία προσφέροντες ο [ἷ ]ς ὀφίλουσιν, ";presenting their accounts to their creditors,"; P Giss I. 50.18 (A.D. 259) προσφέρων τῇ πόλ ̣ει. . . δραχμὰς δεκαεπτὰ ὀβολόν, and P Meyer 23.8 (end iv/A.D.) παρὰ Τιθοῆτι τ ̣ῷ προσφέροντί σοι ταῦτά μου τὰ γράμματα : cf. P Par 63.12 (B.C. 164) (= P Petr III. p. 18) καλῶς ποιήσεις τὴν πᾶσαν προσενεγκάμενος ἐκτένε ̣ι ̣αν, ";you will do well in using every effort"; (Mahaffy), and P Tebt I. 33.18 (B.C. 112) (= Selections, p. 31) τὴν πᾶσαν προσενέγκαι σπουδή [ν.
The force seen in Hebrews 12:7 appears in P Par 46.20. (B.C. 152) (= UPZ i. p. 338) where Apollonius appeals to his brother Ptoleinaeus to examine personally into his grievance against a third party—νομίζω γὰρ μάλιστα τῶν ἄλλων παρακολουθήκοντά σε τῆι ἀληθείαι πικρότερον προσενεχθήσεσθ᾽ αὐτῶι, ";when you have investigated the truth you will deal with him most severely"; : cf. Syll 371 (= .3 807).13 (A.D. 54) προσενεχθεὶς φ [ι ]λανθρώπως πᾶσι τοῖς πολείταις, and P Lond 1912.65 (A.D. 41) ὁ (= οἱ) γὰρ <ἄρ >χοντες. . . μετριώτεροι ἡμεῖν προσενεκθήσονται το ̣, ν ̣ ἐ ̣ν ταῖς ἀρχαῖς χρόνον ";for the magistrates will behave with greater circumspection during their term of office"; (Bell).
On the marriage contract P Oxy III. 496.6 (A.D. 127) the editors remark that ";προσφέρεσθαι is the word commonly used of property brought to the husband by the bride."; So in the oldest extant Greek papyrus P Eleph 1.4 (B.C. 311–10) (= Selections, p. 2) the bride is described as προσφερομένην εἱματισμὸν καὶ κόσμον valued at 1000 drachmae : similarly BGU IV. 1100.11 and 1104.11 (time of Augustus). In P Tebt II. 407.10 (A.D. 199?) ἅ σοι ] προσηνέχθη is ";what was settled"; upon the writer’s daughter. A somewhat similar use is seen in OGIS 221.11 (B.C. 280–261) διὰ τὴν πρὸς ὑμᾶς εὔνοιαν προσενέγκασθαι πρὸς τὴν ὑμετέραν πόλιν, with reference to the gifting of royal land for the benefit of an adjoining city : see Dittenberger’s note.
Grimm says the verb is ";hardly to be found in native Greek writ."; for sacrificing. Something very like it comes in the legal report BGU IV. 1024 vii. 25 (iv/v A.D.) of the poor girl whom her mother sold to shame, who ζῶσ ̣α ̣ [π ]ροσεφέρετο τοῖς βου [λομένοις ] ὡς νεκρά.
For the conative impf. in Hebrews 11:17 προσέφερεν see Proleg. pp. 129, 238, 247, and for the double compound προσαναφέρω see P Tebt I. 16.3 (B.C. 114) τυγχάνωι προσανενηνοχώ <ς > σοι δι᾽ ἑτέρας ἐπισ (τολῆς), ";I reported to you in another letter"; (Edd.).
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