the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4154 - πνέω
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- to breathe, to blow
- of the wind
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πνέω,
poet. πνείω as always in Hom. exc. Od. 5.469: fut. πνεύσομαι ( ἐκ- ) E. HF 886 (lyr.), ( ἐμ- ) Id. Andr. 555, ( παρα- ) Hp. Mul. 2.133; also πνευσοῦμαι Ar. Ra. 1221, Arist. Mete. 367a13, Thphr. Sign. 34, Palaeph. 17; πνεύσω Thphr. Sign. 32, LXX Psalms 147:7(18), Si. 43.20, Gp. 1.12.34, AP 9.112 ( Antip.Thess. ), ( ἀνα- ) Q.S. 13.516 ( συμ-πνευσόντων is f.l. in D. 18.169 ): aor. 1 ἔπνευσα Hes. Op. 506, Hdt. 2.20, etc., ( ἐν- ) Il. 17.456, ( ἀν- ) S. Aj. 274: pf. πέπνευκα ( ἐπι- ) Pl. Phdr. 262d, ( ἐκ- ) Arist. Pr. 904a1: — Pass., fut. πνευσθήσομαι ( δια- ) Aret. CA 1.1: aor. ἐπνεύσθην ( δι- ) Thphr. HP 5.5.6, etc. — Hom. and early Prose writers use the simple Verb only in pres. and impf., to which Trag. add fut. and aor. 1 Act. — For the form ἄμπνυε, v. ἀναπνέω; for ἀμπνύνθη, -πνυτο, v. ἄμπνυτο; and for pf. Pass. πέπνῡμαι, part. πεπνῡμένος, v. πέπνυμαι. — Like other disyll. Verbs in -έω, this Verb contracts only εε, εει; but ἐκπνέων is disyll. in A. Ag. 1493, 1517 (both lyr.): — blow, of wind and air, οὐδέ ποτ' οὖροι πνείοντες φαίνονθ' Od. 4.361; αὔρη δ' ἐκ ποταμοῦ ψυχρὴ πνέει 5.469; ἐτησίαι . . οὐκ ἔπνευσαν Hdt. 2.20, etc.; τῷ πνέοντι (sc. ἀνέμῳ or πνεύματι ) Luc. Cont. 3; ἡ πνέουσα (sc. αὔρα ) Acts 27:40; also of a flute-player, μέγα πνέων Poll. 4.72; and of the flutes themselves, αὐλοὺς ἡδὺ πνέοντας AP 6.254 ( Myrin. ); πνεῖται flutes are sounding, Mnesim. 4.57 (anap.). II breathe, send forth an odour, ἀμβροσίη . . ἡδὺ πνείουσα Od. 4.446; π. εὐῶδες, δυσῶδες, Poll. 2.75, etc.: abs., Dsc. 3.80.
2. c. acc., breathe out, send forth, Ζεφύρου πνείοντος ἐέρσην Call. Ap. 82 .
3. c. gen., breathe or smell of a thing, οὐ μύρου πνέον S. Fr. 565; τράγου π. AP 11.240 ( Lucill. ); μόγοιο Q.S. 6.164; λύθρου καὶ αἵματος Id. 5.120 ( ἐπιπν- codd.): rarely c. dat., μύροισι π. smell with . ., AP 5.199: freq. metaph., breathe, be redolent of, Χαρίτων πνείοντα μέλη Simon. 184.3; ὄμματα . . πόθου πνείοντα AP 5.258 (Paul. Sil.); φόνου π. cj. in Tryph. 505; αὐθαδείας πολὺς ἔπνει D.H. 7.51 .
III of perceptible breathing, [ ἵππω] πνείοντε κατ' ὤμων Il. 13.385; π. ὕπνῳ A. Ch. 621 (lyr.). generally, draw breath, breathe: hence, live, Il. 17.447; οἱ πνέοντες, = οἱ ζῶντες, S. Tr. 1160; ὄλβος ἀεὶ πνεῖ Simm. 25.12; ἥμισύ μευ ψυχῆς ἔτι τὸ πνέον Call. Epigr. 42 . metaph., c. acc. cogn., breathe forth, μένεα πνείοντες breathing spirit, epith. of warriors, Il. 2.536, 3.8, 11.508, etc.; so πῦρ π. Hes. Th. 319, Pi. Fr. 146; φόνον δόμοι πνέουσιν A. Ag. 1309; κότον πνέων Id. Ch. 34 (lyr.), cf. 951 (lyr.); φρενὸς πνέων τροπαίαν Id. Ag. 219 (lyr.); Ἄρη πνεόντων ib. 376 (lyr.); πνέων χάριν τινί ib. 1206; πῦρ πνειόντων . . ἄστρων S. Ant. 1146 (lyr.); πῦρ π. καὶ φόνον E. IT 288; ὠδῖνας Id. HF 862: paratrag. in Com., πνέοντας δόρυ καὶ λόγχας Ar. Ra. 1016; τρέχει τις Ἀλφειὸν πνέων, of a swift runner, Id. Av. 1121, etc.; and in a rhetorical passage, οἱ πῦρ πνέοντες, οἱ νενικηκότες Λακεδαιμονίους X. HG 7.5.12 .
2. with neut. Adjs. or Prons., πνέοντες μεγάλα giving themselves airs, E. Andr. 189; τόσονδ' ἔπνευσας ib. 327; κενεὰ πνεύσαις Pi. O. 10(11).93; χαμηλὰ πνέων Id. P. 11.30: abs., ὑπὲρ σακέων πνείοντες breathing over their shields, i. e. unable to repress their rage for war, Hes. Sc. 24; θρασείᾳ πνέων καρδίᾳ Pi. P. 10.44: with nom., Ἄρης . . μέγας πνέων E. Rh. 323; πολὺς ἔπνει καὶ λαμπρός D. 25.57; οὗτος . . καικίας ἢ συκοφαντίας πνεῖ Ar. Eq. 437; ᾧ σὺ μὴ πνεύσῃς ἐνδέξιος on whom thou breathest not favourably, Call. Epigr. 10.3 .
πνέω; 1 aorist ἔπνευσα; from Homer down; to breathe, to blow: of the wind, Matthew 7:25, 27; Luke 12:55; John 3:8; John 6:18; Revelation 7:1; τῇ πνεούσῃ namely, αὔρα (cf. Winers Grammar, 591 (550); (Buttmann, 82 (72))), Acts 27:40. (Compare: ἐκπνέω, ἐνπνέω, ὑποπνέω.)
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πνέω ,
[in LXX: Psalms 147:7 (18) (H5380 hi.), Isaiah 40:24 (H5398), Sirach 43:16; Sirach 43:20, Ep. Je 61, 2 Maccabees 9:7*;]
to breathe, blow: of the wind, Matthew 7:25; Matthew 7:27, Luke 12:55, John 3:8; John 6:18, Revelation 7:1; ηῇ πνεούσῃ (sc. αὔρᾳ ), Acts 27:40 (cf. ἐκ -, ἐν -, ὑπο -πνέω ).†
αὔρα , a breeze : τ . πνεούσῇ (sc. αὔρᾳ ), Acts 27:40.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the intrans. use ";go before,"; ";precede,"; as in Mark 6:45, cf. Syll 316 (= .3 684).25 (c. B.C. 139?) Τιμόθεον. . . ἐ [κέλευσα ] προάγειν εἰς Ῥώμην, ";I bade Timothy go before me to Rome,"; P Leid Wxi. 30 (ii/iii A.D.) (= II. p. 119) προάγω σου κύριε, and Babrius vii. 7. For the pass. see BGU IV. 1060.25 (B.C. 14) ὅθεν καταπεπονη ̣μένοι προήγμεθα πρὸς ἀπειλαῖς, P Oxy II. 283.16 (A.D. 45) διὸ προῆγμαι τὸ ὑπόμνημα ἐπιδοῦναι, ";I am impelled, therefore, to present this petition,"; PSI IV. 299.2 (iii/A.D.) προήχθην γράψαι σο [ι τ ]ὰ συμβάντα μοι, ";I was impelled to write you what had happened to me,"; and from the inscrr. Syll 325 (= .3 708).19 (before B.C. 100) τῇ ] τε ἡλικίᾳ προκόπτων καὶ προαγόμενος εἰς τὸ θεοσεβεῖν ὡς ἔπρεπεν αὐτῷ. The simple sense ";preceding,"; ";previous,"; belonging to the part. in Hebrews 7:18, is shown in PSI V. 450.59 (ii/iii A.D.) τοῦ προάγοντος μηνός, P Hamb I. 18ii. 13 (A.D. 222) τῆς προαγούσης βασιλείας, P Oxy VII. 1070.2 (iii/A.D.) ἡ προάγουσα παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ παρὰ πᾶσι θεοῖς εὐχή, ";the prayer which I previously made to all the gods"; (Ed.), and IMAe iii. 247 τὰ προάγοντα ψαφίσματα.
For the meaning ";preside"; cf. P Tor I.1viii. 21 (B.C. 116) προάγοντας τῆς κωμασίας, and for a possible absolute sense ";excel,"; cf. P Oxy I. 42.3 (A.D. 323) (= Chrest. I. p. 182) τὸ ἔθος ὁμοῦ τε καὶ ἡ πανήγυρις προάγουσα [σ ]ημαίνει. . ., ";tradition, no less than the distinguished character of the festival, requires . . ."; (Edd.). See also OGIS 323.6 (B.C. 159–138) συνέσει καὶ παιδείαι προάγιον.
The subst. προαγωγή in the sense of ";advancement"; occurs in a Delos decree of the time of Ptolemy Philometor published in Archiv vi. p. 9A.4—Ἀγλαὸς. . τῆς μεγίστης τιμῆς καὶ προαγωγῆς ἠξιωμένος παρὰ βασιλ [εῖ ] Πτολεμαίωι : see the other exx. cited on p. 18 f.
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